Shiva Purana — Uma Samhita — Chapter 9
SiP 5 9.1
।। सनत्कुमार उवाच ।। एषु पापाः प्रपच्यंते शोष्यंते नरकाग्निषु ।। यातनाभिर्विचित्राभिरास्वकर्म्मक्षयाद्भृशम्
|| sanatkumāra uvāca || eṣu pāpāḥ prapacyaṃte śoṣyaṃte narakāgniṣu || yātanābhirvicitrābhirāsvakarmmakṣayādbhṛśam
Sanatkumāra said: In these (hells) the wicked are cooked and dried up in the hell-fires, severely, by manifold torments, until their own karma is exhausted.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
SiP 5 9.2
स्वमलप्रक्षयाद्यद्वदग्नौ धास्यंति धातवः ।। तत्र पापक्षयात्पापा नराः कर्मानुरूपतः
svamalaprakṣayādyadvadagnau dhāsyaṃti dhātavaḥ || tatra pāpakṣayātpāpā narāḥ karmānurūpataḥ
Just as metals (placed) in fire (are refined) through the burning away of their own dross, so there, through the exhausting of their sin, the sinful men (are consumed) in accordance with their deeds.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
SiP 5 9.3
सुगाढं हस्तयोर्बद्ध्वा ततश्शृंखलया नराः ।। महावृक्षाग्रशाखासु लम्ब्यन्ते यमकिंकरैः
sugāḍhaṃ hastayorbaddhvā tataśśṛṃkhalayā narāḥ || mahāvṛkṣāgraśākhāsu lambyante yamakiṃkaraiḥ
Then, having bound the men tightly by both hands with a chain, Yama's servants hang them from the tip-branches of great trees.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
SiP 5 9.4
ततस्ते सर्वयत्नेन क्षिप्ता दोलंति किंकरैः ।। दोलंतश्चातिवेगेन विसंज्ञा यांति योजनम्
tataste sarvayatnena kṣiptā dolaṃti kiṃkaraiḥ || dolaṃtaścātivegena visaṃjñā yāṃti yojanam
Then, flung with all (the servants') force, they swing, (pushed) by the servants; and swinging with great speed they go a league (through the air), senseless.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
SiP 5 9.5
अंतरिक्षस्थितानां च लोहभारशतं पुनः ।। पादयोर्बध्यते तेषां यमदूतैर्महाबलैः वृताकवत्प्रपच्यंते तप्तलोहकटाहकैः।। विष्ठापूर्णे तथा कूपे कृमीणां निचये पुनः विष्ठाभिः कृमिभिश्चापि पूर्यमाणाः क्वचित्क्वचित् ।। परिष्वजंति चात्युग्रां प्रदीप्तां लोहशाल्मलीम् सुतप्तावालुकायां तु प्रयोज्यंते मुहुर्मुहुः ।। जंतुपंके भृशं तप्ते क्षिप्ताः क्रन्दंति विस्वरम् रज्जुभिर्वेष्टिताश्चैव प्रलिप्ताः कर्द्दमेन च ।। करीषतुषवह्नौ च पच्यंते न म्रियंति च
aṃtarikṣasthitānāṃ ca lohabhāraśataṃ punaḥ || pādayorbadhyate teṣāṃ yamadūtairmahābalaiḥ vṛtākavatprapacyaṃte taptalohakaṭāhakaiḥ|| viṣṭhāpūrṇe tathā kūpe kṛmīṇāṃ nicaye punaḥ viṣṭhābhiḥ kṛmibhiścāpi pūryamāṇāḥ kvacitkvacit || pariṣvajaṃti cātyugrāṃ pradīptāṃ lohaśālmalīm sutaptāvālukāyāṃ tu prayojyaṃte muhurmuhuḥ || jaṃtupaṃke bhṛśaṃ tapte kṣiptāḥ krandaṃti visvaram rajjubhirveṣṭitāścaiva praliptāḥ karddamena ca || karīṣatuṣavahnau ca pacyaṃte na mriyaṃti ca
And to the feet of those hanging in mid-air a hundred iron weights are again tied by Yama's mighty messengers. They are fried like eggplants in cauldrons of heated iron; and again (they are thrown) into a well full of excrement, into a heap of worms — filled, here and there, with excrement and with worms. And they embrace the fiercely blazing iron silk-cotton tree. They are set again and again upon burning-hot sand; thrown into a slime of vermin, intensely heated, they shriek discordantly. Wrapped about with ropes and smeared with mud, they are cooked in a fire of dung and husks, and yet do not die.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
SiP 5 9.6
तेन भारेण महता प्रभृशं ताडिता नराः ।। ध्यायंति स्वानि कर्माणि तूष्णीं तिष्ठन्ति निश्चलाः
tena bhāreṇa mahatā prabhṛśaṃ tāḍitā narāḥ || dhyāyaṃti svāni karmāṇi tūṣṇīṃ tiṣṭhanti niścalāḥ
Struck violently by that great weight, the men brood on their own deeds; they stand silent and motionless.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
SiP 5 9.7
ततोंऽकुशैरग्निवर्णैर्लोह दण्डैश्च दारुणैः ।। हन्यंते किंकरैघोरैस्समन्तात्पापकर्म्मिणः
tatoṃ'kuśairagnivarṇairloha daṇḍaiśca dāruṇaiḥ || hanyaṃte kiṃkaraighoraissamantātpāpakarmmiṇaḥ
Then, on every side, the doers of evil are beaten by the dreadful servants with hooks the colour of fire and with cruel iron rods.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
SiP 5 9.8
ततः क्षारेण दीप्तेन वह्नेरपि विशेषतः ।। समंततः प्रलिप्यंते तीवेण तु पुनः पुनः
tataḥ kṣāreṇa dīptena vahnerapi viśeṣataḥ || samaṃtataḥ pralipyaṃte tīveṇa tu punaḥ punaḥ
Then, again and again, they are smeared all over with burning caustic lye, more fierce even than fire.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
SiP 5 9.9
द्रुतेनात्यंतलिप्तेन कृत्तांगा जर्जरीकृताः ।। पुनर्विदार्य्य चांगानि शिरसः प्रभृति क्रमात्
drutenātyaṃtaliptena kṛttāṃgā jarjarīkṛtāḥ || punarvidāryya cāṃgāni śirasaḥ prabhṛti kramāt
With their limbs cut and battered by the molten (lye) smeared all over them — and again, their limbs being split open in order, beginning from the head —
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
SiP 5 9.11
मेदोऽसृक्पूयपूर्णायां वाप्यां क्षिप्यंति ते पुनः ।। भक्ष्यंते कृमिभिस्तीक्ष्णैर्लोंहतुंडैश्च वायसैः
medo'sṛkpūyapūrṇāyāṃ vāpyāṃ kṣipyaṃti te punaḥ || bhakṣyaṃte kṛmibhistīkṣṇairloṃhatuṃḍaiśca vāyasaiḥ
They are then thrown into a pool full of fat, blood and pus; and they are devoured by sharp-(mouthed) worms and by crows with iron beaks.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
SiP 5 9.12
श्वभिर्द्दंशैर्वृकैर्व्याघ्रैर्रौद्रैश्च विकृताननैः ।। पच्यंते मत्स्यवच्चापि प्रदीप्तांगारराशिषु
śvabhirddaṃśairvṛkairvyāghrairraudraiśca vikṛtānanaiḥ || pacyaṃte matsyavaccāpi pradīptāṃgārarāśiṣu
(They are devoured) by dogs, by biting flies, by wolves, by tigers, and by savage beings with distorted faces; and they are roasted like fish on heaps of blazing coals.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
SiP 5 9.13
भिन्नाः शूलैस्तु तीक्ष्णैश्च नराः पापेन कर्म्मणा ।। तैलयन्त्रेषु चाक्रम्य घोरैः कर्म्मभिरात्मनः
bhinnāḥ śūlaistu tīkṣṇaiśca narāḥ pāpena karmmaṇā || tailayantreṣu cākramya ghoraiḥ karmmabhirātmanaḥ
And men are pierced with sharp stakes by (their own) evil deed, and having been forced into oil-presses by their own dreadful deeds,
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
SiP 5 9.14
तिला इव प्रपीड्यंते चक्राख्ये जनपिंडकाः ।। भ्रज्यंते चातपे तप्ते लोहभाण्डेष्वनेकधा
tilā iva prapīḍyaṃte cakrākhye janapiṃḍakāḥ || bhrajyaṃte cātape tapte lohabhāṇḍeṣvanekadhā
the lumps of people are crushed like sesame seeds in (the hell) called Cakra; and they are roasted in many ways in heated iron vessels in the sun's heat.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
SiP 5 9.15
तैलपूर्णकटाहेषु सुतप्तेषु पुनःपुनः।। बहुधा पच्यते जिह्वा प्रपीड्योरसि पादयोः
tailapūrṇakaṭāheṣu sutapteṣu punaḥpunaḥ|| bahudhā pacyate jihvā prapīḍyorasi pādayoḥ
In cauldrons filled with oil, exceedingly hot, again and again the tongue is cooked in many ways, being pressed down upon the chest and the feet.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
SiP 5 9.16
यातनाश्च महत्योऽत्र शरीरस्याति सर्वतः ।। निश्शेषनरकेष्वेवं क्रमंति क्रमशो नराः
yātanāśca mahatyo'tra śarīrasyāti sarvataḥ || niśśeṣanarakeṣvevaṃ kramaṃti kramaśo narāḥ
And great torments of the body (are inflicted) here from every side; thus men pass in order through all the hells without exception.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
SiP 5 9.17
नरकेषु च सर्वेषु विचित्रा यमयातना।। याम्यैश्च दीयते व्यास सर्वांगेषु सुकष्टदा
narakeṣu ca sarveṣu vicitrā yamayātanā|| yāmyaiśca dīyate vyāsa sarvāṃgeṣu sukaṣṭadā
And in all the hells the torment of Yama is of many kinds; and it is inflicted by Yama's men, O Vyāsa, upon all the limbs, causing great pain.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
SiP 5 9.18
ज्वलदंगारमादाय मुखमापूर्य्य ताड्यते ।। ततः क्षारेण दीप्तेन ताम्रेण च पुनःपुनः
jvaladaṃgāramādāya mukhamāpūryya tāḍyate || tataḥ kṣāreṇa dīptena tāmreṇa ca punaḥpunaḥ
Taking a blazing coal (and) filling the mouth (with it), one is beaten; then again and again with burning lye and with molten copper,
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
SiP 5 9.19
घृतेनात्यन्ततप्तेन तदा तैलेन तन्मुखम् ।। इतस्ततः पीडयित्वा भृशमापूर्य्य हन्यते
ghṛtenātyantataptena tadā tailena tanmukham || itastataḥ pīḍayitvā bhṛśamāpūryya hanyate
and then that mouth (is filled) with exceedingly hot ghee and with oil; being squeezed this way and that and stuffed full, one is struck.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
SiP 5 9.21
हन्यंते पृष्ठदेशे च पुनर्दीप्तैर्महाघनैः ।। दन्तुरेणादिकंठेन क्रकचेन बलीसया
hanyaṃte pṛṣṭhadeśe ca punardīptairmahāghanaiḥ || dantureṇādikaṃṭhena krakacena balīsayā
And they are struck upon the back again with blazing great hammers, with a toothed (instrument), with a hook-like neck-piece(?), with a saw, with a (thong?).
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
SiP 5 9.22
शिरःप्रभृति पीड्यंते घोरैः कर्मभिरात्मजैः ।। खाद्यंते च स्वमांसानि पीयते शोणितं स्वकम्
śiraḥprabhṛti pīḍyaṃte ghoraiḥ karmabhirātmajaiḥ || khādyaṃte ca svamāṃsāni pīyate śoṇitaṃ svakam
Beginning from the head they are crushed, because of the dreadful deeds born of themselves; and they are made to eat their own flesh, and their own blood is drunk.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
SiP 5 9.23
अन्नं पानं न दत्तं यैस्सर्वदा स्वात्मपोषकैः।। इक्षुवत्ते प्रपीड्यंते जर्जरीकृत्य मुद्गरैः
annaṃ pānaṃ na dattaṃ yaissarvadā svātmapoṣakaiḥ|| ikṣuvatte prapīḍyaṃte jarjarīkṛtya mudgaraiḥ
Those who, always feeding only themselves, gave no food and no drink — they are battered with mallets and pressed like sugar-cane.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
SiP 5 9.24
असितालवने घोरे छिद्यन्ते खण्डशस्ततः ।। सूचीभिर्भिन्नसर्वाङ्गास्तप्तशूलाग्ररोपिताः
asitālavane ghore chidyante khaṇḍaśastataḥ || sūcībhirbhinnasarvāṅgāstaptaśūlāgraropitāḥ
In the terrible grove of black palms they are then cut to pieces; with all their limbs pierced by needles, they are fixed upon the points of red-hot spikes.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
SiP 5 9.25
संचाल्यमाना बहुशः क्लिश्यंते न म्रियन्ति च ।। तथा च तच्छरीराणि सुखदुःखसहानि च
saṃcālyamānā bahuśaḥ kliśyaṃte na mriyanti ca || tathā ca taccharīrāṇi sukhaduḥkhasahāni ca
Being shaken about again and again they suffer torment, yet they do not die; for their bodies are such as to endure both pleasure and pain.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
SiP 5 9.26
देहादुत्पाट्य मांसानि भिद्यंते स्वैश्च मुद्गरैः।। दंतुराकृतिभिर्र्घोरैर्यमदूतैर्बलोत्कटैः
dehādutpāṭya māṃsāni bhidyaṃte svaiśca mudgaraiḥ|| daṃturākṛtibhirrghorairyamadūtairbalotkaṭaiḥ
Tearing the flesh from the body, they are broken apart with hammers by the terrible, tusked, exceedingly strong messengers of Yama.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
SiP 5 9.27
निरुच्छ्वासे निरुछ्वासास्तिष्ठंति नरके चिरम् ।। उत्ताड्यंते तथोछ्वासे वालुकासदने नराः
nirucchvāse niruchvāsāstiṣṭhaṃti narake ciram || uttāḍyaṃte tathochvāse vālukāsadane narāḥ
In the Breathless (hell) the breathless remain for a long time; and in the Breathing (hell) the men are beaten up in a house of sand.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
SiP 5 9.28
रौरवे रोदमानाश्च पीड्यंते विविधै वधैः ।। महारौरवपीडाभिर्महांतोऽपि रुदंति च
raurave rodamānāśca pīḍyaṃte vividhai vadhaiḥ || mahārauravapīḍābhirmahāṃto'pi rudaṃti ca
In Raurava, crying out, they are afflicted with various killings; and by the pains of Mahāraurava even great ones weep.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
SiP 5 9.29
पत्सु वक्त्रे गुदे मुंडे नेत्रयोश्चैव मस्तके ।। निहन्यंते घनैस्तीक्ष्णैस्सुतप्तैर्लोह शंकुभिः
patsu vaktre gude muṃḍe netrayoścaiva mastake || nihanyaṃte ghanaistīkṣṇaissutaptairloha śaṃkubhiḥ
In the feet, in the mouth, in the anus, in the head, and in both eyes and on the crown, they are struck with thick, sharp, well-heated iron spikes.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
SiP 5 9.31
कुंभीपाकेषु च तथा तप्ततैलेषु वै मुने।। पापिनः कूरकर्म्माणोऽसह्येषु सर्वथा पुनः
kuṃbhīpākeṣu ca tathā taptataileṣu vai mune|| pāpinaḥ kūrakarmmāṇo'sahyeṣu sarvathā punaḥ
And so, O sage, in the Kumbhīpāka hells, in heated oils, the sinners of cruel deeds (are cooked) in wholly unbearable (torments), again and again.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
SiP 5 9.32
लालाभक्षेषु पापास्ते पात्यंते दुःखदेषु वै ।। नानास्थानेषु पच्यंते नरकेषु पुनःपुनः
lālābhakṣeṣu pāpāste pātyaṃte duḥkhadeṣu vai || nānāsthāneṣu pacyaṃte narakeṣu punaḥpunaḥ
Those sinners are cast into the pain-giving (hells) where saliva is the food; in various places they are cooked in the hells again and again.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
SiP 5 9.33
सूचीमुखे महाक्लेशे नरके पात्यते नरः ।। पापी पुण्यविहीनश्च ताड्यते यमकिंकरैः
sūcīmukhe mahākleśe narake pātyate naraḥ || pāpī puṇyavihīnaśca tāḍyate yamakiṃkaraiḥ
Into Sūcīmukha, the hell of great affliction, a man is cast; the sinner devoid of merit is beaten by Yama's servants.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
SiP 5 9.34
लौहकुम्भे विनिःक्षिप्ताः श्वसन्तश्च शनैःशनैः ।। महाग्निना प्रपच्यंते स्वपापैरेव मानवाः
lauhakumbhe viniḥkṣiptāḥ śvasantaśca śanaiḥśanaiḥ || mahāgninā prapacyaṃte svapāpaireva mānavāḥ
Thrown into an iron pot, breathing slowly and more slowly, men are thoroughly cooked by a great fire — by their own sins alone.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
SiP 5 9.35
दृढं रज्ज्वादिभिर्बद्ध्वा प्रपीड्यंते शिलासु च ।। क्षिप्यंते चान्धकूपेषु दश्यंते भ्रमरैर्भृशम्
dṛḍhaṃ rajjvādibhirbaddhvā prapīḍyaṃte śilāsu ca || kṣipyaṃte cāndhakūpeṣu daśyaṃte bhramarairbhṛśam
Bound tightly with ropes and the like, they are crushed against rocks; and they are thrown into dark wells and bitten severely by bees.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
SiP 5 9.36
कृमिभिर्भिन्नसर्वांगाश्शतशो जर्जरीकृताः ।। सुतीक्ष्णक्षारकूपेषु क्षिप्यंते तदनंतरम्
kṛmibhirbhinnasarvāṃgāśśataśo jarjarīkṛtāḥ || sutīkṣṇakṣārakūpeṣu kṣipyaṃte tadanaṃtaram
With all their limbs pierced by worms, broken down in hundreds of places, they are thereupon thrown into wells of exceedingly caustic lye.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
SiP 5 9.37
महाज्वालेऽत्र नरके पापाः क्रन्दंति दुःखिताः ।। इतश्चेतश्च धावंति दह्यमानास्तदर्चिषा
mahājvāle'tra narake pāpāḥ krandaṃti duḥkhitāḥ || itaścetaśca dhāvaṃti dahyamānāstadarciṣā
Here in the hell Mahājvāla the sinners, in misery, shriek; they run this way and that, burnt by its flames.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
SiP 5 9.38
पृष्ठे चानीय तुण्डाभ्यां विन्यस्त स्कंधयोजिते ।। तयोर्मध्येन वाकृष्य बाहुपृष्ठेन गाढतः
pṛṣṭhe cānīya tuṇḍābhyāṃ vinyasta skaṃdhayojite || tayormadhyena vākṛṣya bāhupṛṣṭhena gāḍhataḥ
And having brought (the arms) round to the back with their two beaks, (the arms) placed and fastened at the shoulders, dragging them tightly through between the two, behind the back by the arms —
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
SiP 5 9.39
बद्ध्वा परस्परं सर्वे सुभृशं पापरज्जुभिः ।। बद्धपिंडास्तु दृश्यंते महा ज्वाले तु यातनाः
baddhvā parasparaṃ sarve subhṛśaṃ pāparajjubhiḥ || baddhapiṃḍāstu dṛśyaṃte mahā jvāle tu yātanāḥ
— having bound them all to one another very tightly with the ropes of their sins, they are seen as bound-up lumps: such are the torments in Mahājvāla.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
SiP 5 9.41
सुतीक्ष्णं चरितास्ते हि कर्कशासु शिलासु च ।। आस्फाल्य शतशः पापाः पच्यंते तृणवत्ततः
sutīkṣṇaṃ caritāste hi karkaśāsu śilāsu ca || āsphālya śataśaḥ pāpāḥ pacyaṃte tṛṇavattataḥ
For they are made to walk very sharply upon rough rocks; and being dashed down hundreds of times, the sinners are then cooked like straw.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
SiP 5 9.42
शरीराभ्यंतरगतैः प्रभूतैः कृमिभिर्नराः ।। भक्ष्यंते तीक्ष्णवदनैरात्मदेहक्षयाद्भृशम्
śarīrābhyaṃtaragataiḥ prabhūtaiḥ kṛmibhirnarāḥ || bhakṣyaṃte tīkṣṇavadanairātmadehakṣayādbhṛśam
Men are devoured by the abundant sharp-mouthed worms that have got inside their bodies, severely, to the destruction of their own bodies.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
SiP 5 9.43
कृमीणां निचये क्षिप्ताः पूयमांसास्थिराशिषु।। तिष्ठंत्युद्विग्नहृदयाः पर्वताभ्यां निपीडिताः
kṛmīṇāṃ nicaye kṣiptāḥ pūyamāṃsāsthirāśiṣu|| tiṣṭhaṃtyudvignahṛdayāḥ parvatābhyāṃ nipīḍitāḥ
Thrown into a heap of worms, into piles of pus, flesh and bone, they stand with terrified hearts, crushed between two mountains.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
SiP 5 9.44
तप्तेन वज्रलेपेन शरीरमनुलिप्यते ।। अधोमुखोर्ध्वपादाश्च तातप्यंते स्म वह्निना
taptena vajralepena śarīramanulipyate || adhomukhordhvapādāśca tātapyaṃte sma vahninā
The body is smeared over with heated adamantine plaster; and head-downward, feet-upward, they are scorched by fire.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
SiP 5 9.45
वदनांतः प्रविन्यस्तां सुप्रतप्तामयोगदाम् ।। ते खादन्ति पराधीनास्तैस्ताड्यंते समुद्गरैः
vadanāṃtaḥ pravinyastāṃ suprataptāmayogadām || te khādanti parādhīnāstaistāḍyaṃte samudgaraiḥ
The well-heated iron ball placed inside their mouth — helpless, they eat it, and they are beaten by those (servants) with hammers.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
SiP 5 9.46
इत्थं व्यास कुकर्म्माणो नरकेषु पचंति हि।। वर्णयामि विवर्णत्वं तेषां तत्त्वाय कर्म्मिणाम्
itthaṃ vyāsa kukarmmāṇo narakeṣu pacaṃti hi|| varṇayāmi vivarṇatvaṃ teṣāṃ tattvāya karmmiṇām
Thus, Vyāsa, doers of evil deeds are indeed cooked in the hells. I describe the wretchedness of those (bound by their) deeds, so that (you may know) the truth.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain