Padma Purana — Svarga Khanda — Chapter 51
PdP 3 51.1
ऋषय ऊचु- कर्मयोगः कथं सूत येन चाराधितो हरिः । प्रसीदति महाभाग वद नो वदतां वर
ṛṣaya ūcu- karmayogaḥ kathaṃ sūta yena cārādhito hariḥ | prasīdati mahābhāga vada no vadatāṃ vara
The sages said: How is the discipline of action, O Sūta, by which Hari, when worshipped, is pleased? Tell us, O greatly fortunate one, O best of speakers.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
PdP 3 51.2
येनासौ भगवानीशः समाराध्यो मुमुक्षुभिः । तद्वदाखिललोकानां रक्षणं धर्मसंग्रहम्
yenāsau bhagavānīśaḥ samārādhyo mumukṣubhiḥ | tadvadākhilalokānāṃ rakṣaṇaṃ dharmasaṃgraham
That by which this Lord, the Blessed One, is to be duly worshipped by those seeking release—tell that, (and) the protection of all the worlds, the compendium of dharma.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
PdP 3 51.3
तं कर्मयोगं वद नः सूत मूर्तिमयस्तु यः । इति शुश्रूषवो विप्रा भवदग्रे व्यवस्थिताः
taṃ karmayogaṃ vada naḥ sūta mūrtimayastu yaḥ | iti śuśrūṣavo viprā bhavadagre vyavasthitāḥ
Tell us, O Sūta, that discipline of action which is embodied in (concrete) form; thus the brahmins, eager to hear, are seated before you.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
PdP 3 51.4
सूत उवाच- एवमेव पुरा पृष्टो व्यासः सत्यवतीसुतः । ऋषिभिरग्निसंकाशैर्व्यासस्तानाह तच्छृणु
sūta uvāca- evameva purā pṛṣṭo vyāsaḥ satyavatīsutaḥ | ṛṣibhiragnisaṃkāśairvyāsastānāha tacchṛṇu
Sūta said: Just so was Vyāsa, the son of Satyavatī, asked long ago by sages resembling fire; Vyāsa said to them (what follows)—hear it.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
PdP 3 51.5
व्यास उवाच- शृणुध्वंमृषयः सर्वे वक्ष्यमाणं सनातनम् । कर्मयोगं ब्राह्मणानामात्यंतिकफलप्रदम्
vyāsa uvāca- śṛṇudhvaṃmṛṣayaḥ sarve vakṣyamāṇaṃ sanātanam | karmayogaṃ brāhmaṇānāmātyaṃtikaphalapradam
Vyāsa said: Hear, all you sages, the eternal discipline of action about to be declared, which bestows the ultimate fruit upon brahmins,
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
PdP 3 51.6
आम्नायसिद्धमखिलं ब्राह्मणार्थं प्रदर्शितम् । ऋषीणां शृण्वतां पूर्वं मनुराह प्रजापतिः
āmnāyasiddhamakhilaṃ brāhmaṇārthaṃ pradarśitam | ṛṣīṇāṃ śṛṇvatāṃ pūrvaṃ manurāha prajāpatiḥ
established in the Vedic tradition, entire, set forth for the brahmins' sake, which Manu the Prajāpati formerly spoke while the sages listened,
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
PdP 3 51.7
सर्वव्याधिहरं पुण्यमृषिसंघैर्निषेवितम् । समाहितधियो यूयं शृणुध्वं गदतो मम
sarvavyādhiharaṃ puṇyamṛṣisaṃghairniṣevitam | samāhitadhiyo yūyaṃ śṛṇudhvaṃ gadato mama
removing every disease, meritorious, practised by hosts of sages. With concentrated minds, hear it from me as I speak.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
PdP 3 51.8
कृतोपनयनो वेदानधीयीत द्विजोत्तमः । गर्भाष्टमेऽष्टमेवाब्दे स्वसूत्रोक्तविधानतः
kṛtopanayano vedānadhīyīta dvijottamaḥ | garbhāṣṭame'ṣṭamevābde svasūtroktavidhānataḥ
When his initiation has been performed, the best of the twice-born should study the Vedas—in the eighth year from conception, or in the eighth year (from birth)—according to the rule stated in his own sūtra.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
PdP 3 51.9
दंडी च मेखली सूत्री कृष्णाजिनधरो मुनिः । भिक्षाहारो गुरुहितो वीक्ष्यमाणो गुरोर्मुखम्
daṃḍī ca mekhalī sūtrī kṛṣṇājinadharo muniḥ | bhikṣāhāro guruhito vīkṣyamāṇo gurormukham
Bearing a staff, a girdle, and the sacred thread, wearing a black antelope skin, silent, living on alms, devoted to his teacher's welfare, gazing upon the teacher's face.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
PdP 3 51.10
कार्पासमुपवीतार्थं निर्मितं ब्रह्मणा पुरा । ब्राह्मणानां त्रिवृत्सूत्रं कौशं वा वस्त्रमेव वा
kārpāsamupavītārthaṃ nirmitaṃ brahmaṇā purā | brāhmaṇānāṃ trivṛtsūtraṃ kauśaṃ vā vastrameva vā
Cotton was created long ago by Brahmā for the purpose of the sacred thread; for brahmins (it should be) a triple thread, or of kuśa grass, or of cloth.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
PdP 3 51.11
सदोपवीती चैव स्यात्सदाबद्ध शिखो द्विजः । अन्यथा यत्कृतं कर्म्म तद्भवत्ययथाकृतम्
sadopavītī caiva syātsadābaddha śikho dvijaḥ | anyathā yatkṛtaṃ karmma tadbhavatyayathākṛtam
The twice-born should always wear the sacred thread and always keep his top-knot tied; otherwise whatever rite is performed becomes as if not performed.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
PdP 3 51.12
वसेदविकृतं वासः कार्पासं वा कषायकम् । तदेव परिधानीयं शुक्लं तांतवमुत्तमम्
vasedavikṛtaṃ vāsaḥ kārpāsaṃ vā kaṣāyakam | tadeva paridhānīyaṃ śuklaṃ tāṃtavamuttamam
He should wear an unaltered garment, of cotton, or dyed reddish-brown; that alone is to be worn—white woven (cloth) is best.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
PdP 3 51.13
उत्तरं तु समाम्नातं वासः कृष्णाजिनं शुभम् । अभावे गावयमपि रौरवं वा विधीयते
uttaraṃ tu samāmnātaṃ vāsaḥ kṛṣṇājinaṃ śubham | abhāve gāvayamapi rauravaṃ vā vidhīyate
But as the upper garment a fine black antelope skin is traditionally prescribed; in its absence a gayal's or a ruru-deer's hide is enjoined.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
PdP 3 51.14
उद्धृत्य दक्षिणं बाहुं सव्यबाहौ समर्पितम् । उपवीतं भवेन्नित्यं निवीतं कंठसज्जने
uddhṛtya dakṣiṇaṃ bāhuṃ savyabāhau samarpitam | upavītaṃ bhavennityaṃ nivītaṃ kaṃṭhasajjane
Raising the right arm (and) placing (the thread) on the left shoulder—that is always the upavīta manner; when it hangs on the neck it is nivīta.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
PdP 3 51.15
सव्यबाहुं समुद्धृत्य दक्षिणे तु धृतं द्विजाः । प्राचीनावीतमित्युक्तं पित्र्येकर्मणि योजयेत्
savyabāhuṃ samuddhṛtya dakṣiṇe tu dhṛtaṃ dvijāḥ | prācīnāvītamityuktaṃ pitryekarmaṇi yojayet
Raising the left arm and holding (the thread) on the right, O twice-born—that is called prācīnāvīta; one should employ it in rites for the ancestors.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
PdP 3 51.16
अग्न्यागारे गवां गोष्ठे होमे तप्ये तथैव च । स्वाध्याये भोजने नित्यं ब्राह्मणानां च सन्निधौ
agnyāgāre gavāṃ goṣṭhe home tapye tathaiva ca | svādhyāye bhojane nityaṃ brāhmaṇānāṃ ca sannidhau
In the fire-hall, in the cow-pen, at the oblation, at ascetic practice likewise, in Vedic recitation, at eating, and always in the presence of brahmins,
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
PdP 3 51.17
उपासने गुरूणां च संध्ययोः साधुसंगमे । उपवीती भवेन्नित्यं विधिरेष सनातनः
upāsane gurūṇāṃ ca saṃdhyayoḥ sādhusaṃgame | upavītī bhavennityaṃ vidhireṣa sanātanaḥ
and in attendance upon teachers, at the two twilights, in the company of the good—one should always wear the thread in the upavīta manner; this is the eternal rule.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
PdP 3 51.18
मौंजी त्रिवृत्समां श्लिष्टां कुर्याद्विप्रस्य मेखलाम् । मुंजाभावे कुशेनाहुर्ग्रंथिनैकेन वा त्रिभिः
mauṃjī trivṛtsamāṃ śliṣṭāṃ kuryādviprasya mekhalām | muṃjābhāve kuśenāhurgraṃthinaikena vā tribhiḥ
He should make for a brahmin a girdle of muñja grass, three-stranded, of even (thickness) and closely twisted; in the absence of muñja they say (it may be made) of kuśa, with a single knot or with three.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
PdP 3 51.19
धारयेद्वैणवपालाशौ दंडौ केशांतिकौ द्विजः । यज्ञार्हवृक्षजं वाथ सौम्यमव्रणमेव च
dhārayedvaiṇavapālāśau daṃḍau keśāṃtikau dvijaḥ | yajñārhavṛkṣajaṃ vātha saumyamavraṇameva ca
The twice-born should carry staffs of bamboo or of palāśa wood, reaching to the hair (of the head); or else one made from a tree fit for sacrifice, auspicious and without blemish.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
PdP 3 51.20
सायंप्रातर्द्विजः संध्यामुपासीत समाहितः । कामाल्लोभाद्भयान्मोहात्त्यक्त्वैनां पतितो भवेत्
sāyaṃprātardvijaḥ saṃdhyāmupāsīta samāhitaḥ | kāmāllobhādbhayānmohāttyaktvaināṃ patito bhavet
Evening and morning the twice-born should attend upon the twilight worship with a concentrated mind; abandoning it out of desire, greed, fear, or delusion, he becomes fallen.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
PdP 3 51.21
अग्निकार्यं ततः कुर्यात्सायंप्रातः प्रसन्नधीः । स्नात्वा संतर्पयेद्देवानृषीन्पितृगणांस्तथा
agnikāryaṃ tataḥ kuryātsāyaṃprātaḥ prasannadhīḥ | snātvā saṃtarpayeddevānṛṣīnpitṛgaṇāṃstathā
Then, with a serene mind, he should perform the fire rite evening and morning; having bathed, he should offer libations to the gods, the seers, and likewise the hosts of the fathers.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
PdP 3 51.22
देवताभ्यर्चनं कुर्यात्पुष्पैः पत्रैर्यवांबुभिः । अभिवादनशीलः स्यान्नित्यं वृद्धेषु धर्मतः
devatābhyarcanaṃ kuryātpuṣpaiḥ patrairyavāṃbubhiḥ | abhivādanaśīlaḥ syānnityaṃ vṛddheṣu dharmataḥ
He should perform worship of the deities with flowers, leaves, barley and water; and he should always be in the habit of respectful salutation to elders, as is proper.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
PdP 3 51.23
असावहं भो नामेति सम्यक्प्रणतिपूर्वकम् । आयुरारोग्यसिद्ध्यर्थं तंद्रादिपरिवर्जितः
asāvahaṃ bho nāmeti samyakpraṇatipūrvakam | āyurārogyasiddhyarthaṃ taṃdrādiparivarjitaḥ
(Saying) "Sir, I am so-and-so by name," duly preceded by a bow, for the sake of gaining long life and health, free of sluggishness and the like;
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
PdP 3 51.24
आयुष्मान्भव सौम्येति वचो विप्रोऽभिवादने । आकारश्चास्य नाम्नोंऽते वाच्यः पूर्वाक्षरप्लुतः
āyuṣmānbhava saumyeti vaco vipro'bhivādane | ākāraścāsya nāmnoṃ'te vācyaḥ pūrvākṣaraplutaḥ
In returning a salutation the brahmin's words are "Be long-lived, gentle one"; and at the end of his (the greeter's) name the vowel ā is to be pronounced, with the preceding syllable prolonged.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
PdP 3 51.25
यो न वेत्त्यभिवादस्य विप्रः प्रत्यभिवादनम् । नाभिवाद्यः स विदुषा यथा शूद्रस्तथैव सः
yo na vettyabhivādasya vipraḥ pratyabhivādanam | nābhivādyaḥ sa viduṣā yathā śūdrastathaiva saḥ
That brahmin who does not know the return-salutation to a salutation is not to be saluted by a learned man; he is just like a śūdra.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
PdP 3 51.26
व्यत्यस्तपाणिना कार्यं पादसंग्रहणं गुरोः । सव्येन सव्यः स्प्रष्टव्यो दक्षिणेन तु दक्षिणः
vyatyastapāṇinā kāryaṃ pādasaṃgrahaṇaṃ guroḥ | savyena savyaḥ spraṣṭavyo dakṣiṇena tu dakṣiṇaḥ
The clasping of the teacher's feet should be done with crossed hands: the left (foot) is to be touched with the left (hand), and the right with the right.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
PdP 3 51.27
लौकिकं वैदिकं वापि तथाध्यात्मिकमेव वा । अवाप्य प्रयतो ज्ञानं तं पूर्वमभिवादयेत्
laukikaṃ vaidikaṃ vāpi tathādhyātmikameva vā | avāpya prayato jñānaṃ taṃ pūrvamabhivādayet
Having obtained knowledge — worldly, or Vedic, or indeed that concerning the self — being self-controlled he should salute that (teacher) first.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
PdP 3 51.28
नोदकं धारयेद्भैक्ष्यं पुष्पाणि समिधस्तथा । एवंविधानि चान्यानि न देवार्थेषु कर्म्मसु
nodakaṃ dhārayedbhaikṣyaṃ puṣpāṇi samidhastathā | evaṃvidhāni cānyāni na devārtheṣu karmmasu
He should not carry water, alms-food, flowers, or firewood, nor other things of this kind, (except) in rites meant for the gods.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
PdP 3 51.29
ब्राह्मणं कुशलं पृच्छेत्क्षत्रबंधुमनामयम् । वैश्यं क्षेमं समागम्य शूद्रमारोग्यमेव च
brāhmaṇaṃ kuśalaṃ pṛcchetkṣatrabaṃdhumanāmayam | vaiśyaṃ kṣemaṃ samāgamya śūdramārogyameva ca
He should ask a brahmin about his welfare (kuśala), a kinsman of the kṣatriya class about his freedom from ailment, a vaiśya, on meeting him, about his security, and a śūdra just about his health.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
PdP 3 51.30
उपाध्यायः पिता ज्येष्ठो भ्राता त्राता च भीतितः । मातुलः श्वशुरश्चैव मातामह पितामहौ
upādhyāyaḥ pitā jyeṣṭho bhrātā trātā ca bhītitaḥ | mātulaḥ śvaśuraścaiva mātāmaha pitāmahau
The teacher, the father, the elder brother, and one who protects from danger, the maternal uncle, the father-in-law, and the maternal and paternal grandfather,
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
PdP 3 51.31
वर्णश्रेष्ठः पितृव्यश्च पुंसोऽत्र गुरवः स्मृताः । माता मातामही गुर्वी पितुर्मातुश्च सोदराः
varṇaśreṣṭhaḥ pitṛvyaśca puṃso'tra guravaḥ smṛtāḥ | mātā mātāmahī gurvī piturmātuśca sodarāḥ
the foremost of one's class, and the paternal uncle — these are here reckoned as the male gurus; the mother, the maternal grandmother, the teacher's wife, and the sisters of father and mother,
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
PdP 3 51.32
श्वश्रूः पितामही ज्येष्ठा धात्री च गुरवः स्त्रियः । ज्ञेयस्तु गुरुवर्गोऽयं मातृतः पितृतो द्विजाः
śvaśrūḥ pitāmahī jyeṣṭhā dhātrī ca guravaḥ striyaḥ | jñeyastu guruvargo'yaṃ mātṛtaḥ pitṛto dvijāḥ
the mother-in-law, the paternal grandmother, the eldest (sister), and the nurse — these are the female gurus. O twice-born ones, this class of gurus is to be known (as coming) from the mother's and the father's side.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
PdP 3 51.33
अनुवर्तनमेतेषां मनोवाक्कायकर्मभिः । गुरून्दृष्ट्वा समुत्तिष्ठेदभिवाद्य कृताञ्जलि
anuvartanameteṣāṃ manovākkāyakarmabhiḥ | gurūndṛṣṭvā samuttiṣṭhedabhivādya kṛtāñjali
Compliance with these (is to be shown) by acts of mind, speech, and body; on seeing gurus one should rise up and salute them with joined palms.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
PdP 3 51.34
नैतैरुपविशेत्सार्द्धं विवदेन्नात्मकारणात् । जीवितार्थमपि द्वेषाद्गुरुभिर्नैव भाषणम्
naitairupaviśetsārddhaṃ vivadennātmakāraṇāt | jīvitārthamapi dveṣādgurubhirnaiva bhāṣaṇam
One should not sit down together with these, nor dispute with them for one's own sake; even for the sake of one's life there must be no speaking to gurus out of hatred.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
PdP 3 51.35
उद्रिक्तोऽपि गुणैरन्यैर्गुरुद्वेषी पतत्यधः । गुरूणामपि सर्वेषां पंच पूज्या विशेषतः
udrikto'pi guṇairanyairgurudveṣī patatyadhaḥ | gurūṇāmapi sarveṣāṃ paṃca pūjyā viśeṣataḥ
Even one abounding in other virtues, if he hates his guru, falls downward. And among all the gurus, five are to be honored especially.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
PdP 3 51.36
तेषामाद्यास्त्रयः श्रेष्ठास्तेषां माता सुपूजिता । यो भावयति या सूते येन विद्योपदिश्यते
teṣāmādyāstrayaḥ śreṣṭhāsteṣāṃ mātā supūjitā | yo bhāvayati yā sūte yena vidyopadiśyate
Of these the first three are the highest, and among them the mother is the one most to be honored. He who supports (one), she who gives birth, he by whom knowledge is taught,
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
PdP 3 51.37
ज्येष्ठो भ्राता च भर्ता च पंचैते गुरवः स्मृताः । आत्मनः सर्वयत्नेन प्राणत्यागेन वा पुनः
jyeṣṭho bhrātā ca bhartā ca paṃcaite guravaḥ smṛtāḥ | ātmanaḥ sarvayatnena prāṇatyāgena vā punaḥ
the elder brother, and the husband — these five are declared to be gurus. By one's every effort, or again even by giving up one's life,
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
PdP 3 51.38
पूजनीया विशेषेण पंचैते भूतिमिच्छता । यावत्पिता च माता च द्वावेतौ निर्विकारिणौ
pūjanīyā viśeṣeṇa paṃcaite bhūtimicchatā | yāvatpitā ca mātā ca dvāvetau nirvikāriṇau
These five are to be honoured especially by one who desires prosperity. As long as father and mother, these two, remain unaltered,
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
PdP 3 51.39
तावत्सर्वं परित्यज्य पुत्रः स्यात्तत्परायणः । पिता माता च सुप्रीतौ स्यातां पुत्रगुणैर्यदि
tāvatsarvaṃ parityajya putraḥ syāttatparāyaṇaḥ | pitā mātā ca suprītau syātāṃ putraguṇairyadi
so long the son, abandoning everything (else), should be devoted to them. If father and mother are well pleased by the son's virtues,
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
PdP 3 51.40
स पुत्रः सकलं धर्मं प्राप्नुयात्तेन कर्मणा । नास्ति मातृसमं दैवं नास्ति पितृसमो गुरुः
sa putraḥ sakalaṃ dharmaṃ prāpnuyāttena karmaṇā | nāsti mātṛsamaṃ daivaṃ nāsti pitṛsamo guruḥ
that son, by that deed, would obtain the whole of dharma. There is no deity equal to a mother, there is no guru equal to a father.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
PdP 3 51.41
तयोः प्रत्युपकारोऽपि न कथंचन विद्यते । तयोर्नित्यं प्रियं कुर्यात्कर्मणा मनसा गिरा
tayoḥ pratyupakāro'pi na kathaṃcana vidyate | tayornityaṃ priyaṃ kuryātkarmaṇā manasā girā
A repayment to those two is in no way possible; one should always do what is dear to them by deed, by mind, and by word.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
PdP 3 51.42
न ताभ्यामननुज्ञातो धर्ममन्यं समाचरेत् । वर्जयित्वा मुक्तिफलं नित्यं नैमित्तिकं तथा
na tābhyāmananujñāto dharmamanyaṃ samācaret | varjayitvā muktiphalaṃ nityaṃ naimittikaṃ tathā
Without their permission he should not undertake any other religious observance — excepting that whose fruit is liberation, and the daily and occasional rites.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
PdP 3 51.43
धर्मसारः समुद्दिष्टः प्रेत्यानंतफलप्रदः । सम्यगाराध्य वक्तारं विसृष्टस्तदनुज्ञया
dharmasāraḥ samuddiṣṭaḥ pretyānaṃtaphalapradaḥ | samyagārādhya vaktāraṃ visṛṣṭastadanujñayā
The essence of dharma has been set forth, bestowing endless fruit in the hereafter. Having properly served the one who expounds it, and being dismissed with his permission,
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
PdP 3 51.44
शिष्यो विद्याफलं भुंक्ते प्रेत्य चापद्यते दिवि । यो भ्रातरं पितृसमं ज्येष्ठं मूढोऽवमन्यते
śiṣyo vidyāphalaṃ bhuṃkte pretya cāpadyate divi | yo bhrātaraṃ pitṛsamaṃ jyeṣṭhaṃ mūḍho'vamanyate
the pupil enjoys the fruit of knowledge, and after death he attains heaven. The fool who slights an elder brother, who is equal to a father,
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
PdP 3 51.45
तेन दोषेण संप्रेत्य निरयं घोरमृच्छति । पुंसां वर्त्मनि सृष्टेन पूज्यो भर्ता तु सर्वदा
tena doṣeṇa saṃpretya nirayaṃ ghoramṛcchati | puṃsāṃ vartmani sṛṣṭena pūjyo bhartā tu sarvadā
through that fault, after death, comes to a dreadful hell. But the husband is at all times to be honoured, by (her who is) set in the path of men.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
PdP 3 51.46
अपि मातरि लोकेऽस्मिन्नुपकाराद्धि गौरवम् । मातुलांश्च पितृव्यांश्च श्वशुरानृत्विजो गुरून्
api mātari loke'sminnupakārāddhi gauravam | mātulāṃśca pitṛvyāṃśca śvaśurānṛtvijo gurūn
Indeed, even beyond the mother, in this world reverence arises from the benefit conferred. Maternal uncles, paternal uncles, fathers-in-law, officiating priests, gurus —
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
PdP 3 51.47
असावहमिति ब्रूयात्प्रत्युत्थायाभिवादयेत् । अवाच्यो दीक्षितो नाम्ना यवीयानपि यो भवेत्
asāvahamiti brūyātpratyutthāyābhivādayet | avācyo dīkṣito nāmnā yavīyānapi yo bhavet
he should say, "I am so-and-so," and rising up he should greet (them). One who is consecrated is not to be addressed by name, even should he be younger.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
PdP 3 51.48
भो भवत्पूर्वकं त्वेनमभिभाषेत धर्मवित् । अभिवाद्यश्च पूज्यश्च शिरसानम्य एव च
bho bhavatpūrvakaṃ tvenamabhibhāṣeta dharmavit | abhivādyaśca pūjyaśca śirasānamya eva ca
One who knows dharma should address him with "bho" preceded by "bhavat". And he is to be greeted and honoured and bowed to with the head
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
PdP 3 51.49
ब्राह्मणक्षत्रियाद्यैश्च श्रीकामैः सादरं सदा । नाभिवाद्याश्च विप्रेण क्षत्रियाद्याः कथंचन
brāhmaṇakṣatriyādyaiśca śrīkāmaiḥ sādaraṃ sadā | nābhivādyāśca vipreṇa kṣatriyādyāḥ kathaṃcana
by brahmins, kṣatriyas and the rest who desire prosperity, always respectfully. And kṣatriyas and the rest are in no way to be greeted (first) by a brahmin,
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
PdP 3 51.50
ज्ञानकर्मगुणोपेता यद्यप्येते बहुश्रुताः । ब्राह्मणः सर्ववर्णानां स्वस्ति कुर्यादिति श्रुतिः
jñānakarmaguṇopetā yadyapyete bahuśrutāḥ | brāhmaṇaḥ sarvavarṇānāṃ svasti kuryāditi śrutiḥ
even though they be endowed with the qualities of knowledge and ritual action and be widely learned. "A brahmin should pronounce a blessing upon all the classes" — such is the śruti.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
PdP 3 51.51
सवर्णेन सवर्णानां कार्यमेवाभिवादनम् । गुरुरग्निर्द्विजातीनां वर्णानां ब्राह्मणो गुरुः
savarṇena savarṇānāṃ kāryamevābhivādanam | gururagnirdvijātīnāṃ varṇānāṃ brāhmaṇo guruḥ
The greeting of those of the same class is to be made by one of the same class. Fire is the guru of the twice-born; the brahmin is the guru of the (other) classes.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
PdP 3 51.52
पतिरेको गुरुः स्त्रीणां सर्वत्राभ्यागतो गुरुः । विद्याकर्मवयोबंधुर्वित्तं भवति पंचमम्
patireko guruḥ strīṇāṃ sarvatrābhyāgato guruḥ | vidyākarmavayobaṃdhurvittaṃ bhavati paṃcamam
The husband alone is the guru of women; everywhere a guest who has arrived is a guru. Learning, ritual action, age, kinship — and wealth is the fifth.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
PdP 3 51.53
मान्यस्थानानि पंचाहुः पूर्वं पूर्वं गुरूत्तरात् । पंचानां त्रिषु वर्णेषु भूयांसि बलवंति च
mānyasthānāni paṃcāhuḥ pūrvaṃ pūrvaṃ gurūttarāt | paṃcānāṃ triṣu varṇeṣu bhūyāṃsi balavaṃti ca
They declare five grounds of honour; each earlier one is weightier than the one after it. And where, among the three classes, more of these five and stronger ones (are found),
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
PdP 3 51.54
यत्र स्युः सोऽत्र मानार्हः शूद्रोऽपि दशमीं गतः । पंथा देयो ब्राह्मणाय स्त्रियै राज्ञे विचक्षुषे
yatra syuḥ so'tra mānārhaḥ śūdro'pi daśamīṃ gataḥ | paṃthā deyo brāhmaṇāya striyai rājñe vicakṣuṣe
there he is worthy of honour — even a śūdra who has reached his tenth (decade). The road should be given up to a brahmin, to a woman, to a king, to a blind man,
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
PdP 3 51.55
वृद्धाय भारभग्नाय रोगिणे दुर्बलाय च । भिक्षामाहृत्य शिष्टानां गृहेभ्यः प्रयतोऽन्वहम्
vṛddhāya bhārabhagnāya rogiṇe durbalāya ca | bhikṣāmāhṛtya śiṣṭānāṃ gṛhebhyaḥ prayato'nvaham
to an old man, to one broken under a burden, to a sick man, and to a feeble man. Having brought alms daily from the houses of the cultured, self-restrained,
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
PdP 3 51.56
निवेद्य गुरुवेऽश्नीयाद्वाग्यतस्तदनुज्ञया । भवत्पूर्वं चरेद्भैक्ष्यमुपवीती द्विजोत्तमः
nivedya guruve'śnīyādvāgyatastadanujñayā | bhavatpūrvaṃ caredbhaikṣyamupavītī dvijottamaḥ
and having announced it to the guru, he should eat with restrained speech, by his permission. The foremost of the twice-born, wearing the sacred thread, should beg alms with "bhavat" first.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
PdP 3 51.57
भवन्मध्यं तु राजन्यो वैश्यस्तु भवदुत्तरम् । मातरं वा स्वसारं वा मातुर्वा भगिनीं निजाम्
bhavanmadhyaṃ tu rājanyo vaiśyastu bhavaduttaram | mātaraṃ vā svasāraṃ vā māturvā bhaginīṃ nijām
But the kṣatriya with "bhavat" in the middle, and the vaiśya with "bhavat" last. Either his mother, or his sister, or his own mother's sister —
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
PdP 3 51.58
भिक्षेत भिक्षांप्रथमं याचैनं न विमानयेत् । सजातीयगृहेष्वेव सार्ववर्णिकमेव वा
bhikṣeta bhikṣāṃprathamaṃ yācainaṃ na vimānayet | sajātīyagṛheṣveva sārvavarṇikameva vā
He should beg his alms first from her who would not slight him — only in the houses of those of his own caste, or else of all the castes.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
PdP 3 51.59
भैक्ष्यस्याचरणं प्रोक्तं पतिता दिवि वर्जितम् । वेदयज्ञैरहीनानां प्रशस्तानां स्वकर्म्मसु
bhaikṣyasyācaraṇaṃ proktaṃ patitā divi varjitam | vedayajñairahīnānāṃ praśastānāṃ svakarmmasu
The practice of living on alms has been declared (to be) ... in heaven ...; (alms are to be taken) from those not lacking Vedic sacrifices, who are commended in their own duties.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
PdP 3 51.60
ब्रह्मचार्य्याहरेद्भैक्ष्यं गृहेभ्यः प्रयतोऽन्वहम् । गुरोः कुले न भिक्षेत न ज्ञातिकुलबंधुषु
brahmacāryyāharedbhaikṣyaṃ gṛhebhyaḥ prayato'nvaham | guroḥ kule na bhikṣeta na jñātikulabaṃdhuṣu
The student of the Veda, self-controlled, should fetch alms-food from houses day after day; he should not beg in the family of his teacher, nor among kinsmen's families and relatives.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
PdP 3 51.61
अलाभेत्वन्यगेहानां पूर्वं पूर्वं विवर्जयेत् । सर्वं वा विचरेद्ग्रामं पूर्वोक्तानामसंभवे
alābhetvanyagehānāṃ pūrvaṃ pūrvaṃ vivarjayet | sarvaṃ vā vicaredgrāmaṃ pūrvoktānāmasaṃbhave
But if (alms are) not obtained from other houses, he should avoid each of them in the order given; or he may go through the whole village if those mentioned before are not available.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
PdP 3 51.62
नियम्य प्रयतो वाचं दिशस्त्वनवलोकयन् । समाहृत्य तु भैक्ष्यान्नं यावदर्थममायया
niyamya prayato vācaṃ diśastvanavalokayan | samāhṛtya tu bhaikṣyānnaṃ yāvadarthamamāyayā
Restraining his speech, purified, not gazing about at the directions, having collected alms-food as much as is needed, without any deceit —
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
PdP 3 51.63
भुंजीत प्रयतो नित्यं वाग्यतोऽनन्यमानसः । भैक्ष्येण वर्तयेन्नित्यं नैवेकान्नो भवेद्व्रती
bhuṃjīta prayato nityaṃ vāgyato'nanyamānasaḥ | bhaikṣyeṇa vartayennityaṃ naivekānno bhavedvratī
— he should eat, always purified, with speech controlled and his mind on nothing else. He should always subsist on alms; the man under the vow should not become one who eats the food of a single (household).
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
PdP 3 51.64
भैक्ष्यैण वर्त्तिनो वृत्तिरुपवाससमा स्मृता । पूजयेदशनं नित्यमद्याच्चैनमकुत्सयन्
bhaikṣyaiṇa varttino vṛttirupavāsasamā smṛtā | pūjayedaśanaṃ nityamadyāccainamakutsayan
The mode of life of one who subsists on alms is held to be equal to fasting. He should always honour his food and eat it without disparaging it.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
PdP 3 51.65
दृष्ट्वा हृष्येत्प्रसीदेच्च प्रतिनंदेच्च सर्वशः । अनारोग्यमनायुष्यमस्वर्ग्यं चातिभोजनम्
dṛṣṭvā hṛṣyetprasīdecca pratinaṃdecca sarvaśaḥ | anārogyamanāyuṣyamasvargyaṃ cātibhojanam
On seeing (food) he should be glad, be content, and greet it in every way. Overeating is destructive of health, of long life, and of heaven,
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
PdP 3 51.66
अपुण्यं लोकविद्विष्टं तस्मात्तत्परिवर्जयेत् । प्राङ्मुखोऽन्नानि भुंजीत सूर्याभिमुखमेव वा
apuṇyaṃ lokavidviṣṭaṃ tasmāttatparivarjayet | prāṅmukho'nnāni bhuṃjīta sūryābhimukhameva vā
unmeritorious and hated by people; therefore he should avoid it. He should eat his food facing east, or else facing the sun.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
PdP 3 51.67
नाद्यादुदङ्मुखो नित्यं विधिरेष सनातनः । प्रक्षाल्य पाणिपादौ च भुंजानो द्विरुपस्पृशेत्
nādyādudaṅmukho nityaṃ vidhireṣa sanātanaḥ | prakṣālya pāṇipādau ca bhuṃjāno dvirupaspṛśet
He should never eat facing north — this is the ancient rule. Having washed his hands and feet, while eating he should touch water twice.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
PdP 3 51.68
शुद्धे देशे समासीनो भुक्त्वा च द्विरुपस्पृशेत्
śuddhe deśe samāsīno bhuktvā ca dvirupaspṛśet
Seated in a pure place, and after eating, he should touch water twice.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition