Narada Purana — Uttara Bhaga — Chapter 15
NarP 2 15.1
वसिष्ठ उवाच विमोच्य पातकाद्राजा गृहगोधां हसन्निव । उवाच मोहिनीं हृष्टः शीघ्रमारुह्यतां हयः
vasiṣṭha uvāca vimocya pātakādrājā gṛhagodhāṃ hasanniva / uvāca mohinīṃ hṛṣṭaḥ śīghramāruhyatāṃ hayaḥ
Vasiṣṭha said: Having freed the house-lizard from her sin, the king, as if laughing, delighted, said to Mohinī: "Let the horse be mounted quickly!"
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
NarP 2 15.2
योजनायुतगामी च क्षणात्कृष्णहयो यथा । तदाकर्ण्य वचो राज्ञो मोहिनी मदलालसा
yojanāyutagāmī ca kṣaṇātkṛṣṇahayo yathā / tadākarṇya vaco rājño mohinī madalālasā
"(This horse) travels ten thousand leagues in an instant, like a black steed." Hearing that speech of the king, Mohinī, languid with intoxication,
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
NarP 2 15.3
आरुरोह समं भर्त्रा तं हयं वातवेगिनम् । उवाच च वचो भूपं भर्तारं चारुहासिनी
āruroha samaṃ bhartrā taṃ hayaṃ vātaveginam / uvāca ca vaco bhūpaṃ bhartāraṃ cāruhāsinī
mounted that wind-swift horse together with her husband, and, sweetly smiling, spoke these words to the king, her husband:
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
NarP 2 15.4
प्रचोदयेममर्वाणं स्वपुराय महीपते । पुत्रवक्त्रं स्पृहा द्रष्टुं लंपटा तव वर्तते
pracodayemamarvāṇaṃ svapurāya mahīpate / putravaktraṃ spṛhā draṣṭuṃ laṃpaṭā tava vartate
"Urge this steed on toward your own city, O lord of the earth; you have a greedy longing to see your son's face."
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
NarP 2 15.5
तवाधीना नृपश्रेष्ठ गम्यतां यत्र ते मनः । मोहिन्या वचनं श्रुत्वा तप्रस्थे नगरं प्रति
tavādhīnā nṛpaśreṣṭha gamyatāṃ yatra te manaḥ / mohinyā vacanaṃ śrutvā taprasthe nagaraṃ prati
"I am subject to you, best of kings; let us go wherever your mind (wishes)." Hearing Mohinī's words, he set out toward the city,
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
NarP 2 15.6
पश्यमानः सुसंहृष्टः पादपान्पर्वतान्नदीः । वनानि सुविचित्राणि मृगान्बहुविधानपि
paśyamānaḥ susaṃhṛṣṭaḥ pādapānparvatānnadīḥ / vanāni suvicitrāṇi mṛgānbahuvidhānapi
greatly delighted, gazing at trees, mountains, rivers, at richly varied forests and at many kinds of deer,
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
NarP 2 15.7
ग्रामान्दुर्गांस्तथा देशान्नगराणि शुभानि च । सरांसि च विचित्राणि भूभागान्सुमनोहरान्
grāmāndurgāṃstathā deśānnagarāṇi śubhāni ca / sarāṃsi ca vicitrāṇi bhūbhāgānsumanoharān
at villages and forts and likewise at countries and fair cities, and at lovely lakes and at most charming tracts of land.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
NarP 2 15.8
अचिरेणाश्रमं दृष्ट्वा वामदेवस्य भूपते । आकाशस्थो महीपालो नमस्कृत्य त्वरान्वितः
acireṇāśramaṃ dṛṣṭvā vāmadevasya bhūpate / ākāśastho mahīpālo namaskṛtya tvarānvitaḥ
Before long, seeing the hermitage of Vāmadeva, O lord of the earth, the king, standing in the sky, made his obeisance and, in haste,
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
NarP 2 15.9
पुनरेव ययौ राजा वायुवेगेन वाजिना । पश्यमानो बहून्देशान्धनधान्यसमन्वितान्
punareva yayau rājā vāyuvegena vājinā / paśyamāno bahūndeśāndhanadhānyasamanvitān
the king went on again by means of the wind-swift horse, gazing at many lands endowed with wealth and grain.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
NarP 2 15.10
आससाद पुरं राजा वैदिशं स्ववशं च तत् । तमायान्तं नृपं श्रुत्वा चारैर्द्धर्माङ्गदः सुतः
āsasāda puraṃ rājā vaidiśaṃ svavaśaṃ ca tat / tamāyāntaṃ nṛpaṃ śrutvā cārairddharmāṅgadaḥ sutaḥ
The king reached the city of Vaidiśa, which was under his own sway. Hearing from spies that the king was coming, his son Dharmāṅgada,
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
NarP 2 15.11
पितरं हर्षसंयुक्तो भूपालान्वाक्यमब्रवीत् । एषा प्कराशमायाति उदीची दिङ् नृपोत्तमाः
pitaraṃ harṣasaṃyukto bhūpālānvākyamabravīt / eṣā pkarāśamāyāti udīcī diṅ nṛpottamāḥ
filled with joy, spoke these words about his father to the kings: "This northern quarter comes into brightness, O best of kings,
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
NarP 2 15.12
मत्पितुर्वाजिनाक्रान्ता तत्तेजः परिरञ्जिता । तस्माद्गच्छामहे सर्वे संमुखं ह्यवनीपतेः
matpiturvājinākrāntā tattejaḥ parirañjitā / tasmādgacchāmahe sarve saṃmukhaṃ hyavanīpateḥ
overrun by my father's horse and tinged all over by its splendour. Therefore let us all go to meet the lord of the earth.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
NarP 2 15.13
पितुरागतमात्रस्य संमुखं न सुतो व्रजेत् । स याति नरकं घोरं यावदिन्द्राश्चतुर्द्दशा
piturāgatamātrasya saṃmukhaṃ na suto vrajet / sa yāti narakaṃ ghoraṃ yāvadindrāścaturddaśā
If a son does not go to meet his father the moment he has arrived, he goes to a dreadful hell for as long as fourteen Indras (reign).
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
NarP 2 15.14
संमुखं व्रजमानस्य पुत्रस्य पितरं प्रति । पदे पदे यज्ञफलं प्रोचुः पौराणिका द्विजाः
saṃmukhaṃ vrajamānasya putrasya pitaraṃ prati / pade pade yajñaphalaṃ procuḥ paurāṇikā dvijāḥ
For a son going forth to meet his father, the reciters of the Purāṇas, the twice-born, have declared the fruit of a sacrifice at every step.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
NarP 2 15.15
उत्तिष्ठध्वं व्रजाम्येष भवद्भिः परिवारितः । अभिवादयितुं प्रेम्णा एष मे देवदेवता
uttiṣṭhadhvaṃ vrajāmyeṣa bhavadbhiḥ parivāritaḥ / abhivādayituṃ premṇā eṣa me devadevatā
Rise up! I am going, surrounded by you, to greet him with affection: he is for me the god of gods."
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
NarP 2 15.16
तथोत्युक्तैस्तुतैः सर्वैर्भूमिपालैर्नृपात्मजः । जगाम संमुखं पद्भ्यां क्रोशमात्रं पितुस्तदा
tathotyuktaistutaiḥ sarvairbhūmipālairnṛpātmajaḥ / jagāma saṃmukhaṃ padbhyāṃ krośamātraṃ pitustadā
When all the rulers of the earth had said "So be it" and praised him, the king's son then went on foot a mere krośa to meet his father,
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
NarP 2 15.17
ततो राजसहस्रेण मूर्तिमानिव मन्मथः । स गत्वा दूरमध्वानमाससादनृपं पथि
tato rājasahasreṇa mūrtimāniva manmathaḥ / sa gatvā dūramadhvānamāsasādanṛpaṃ pathi
then, with a thousand kings, like the god of love in bodily form; having gone a long stretch of road, he met the king on the way.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
NarP 2 15.18
संप्राप्य पितरं स्त्रेहाज्जगाम धरणीं तदा । शिरसा राजभिः सार्द्धं प्रणाममकरोत्तदा
saṃprāpya pitaraṃ strehājjagāma dharaṇīṃ tadā / śirasā rājabhiḥ sārddhaṃ praṇāmamakarottadā
On reaching his father, out of affection he then went down to the earth, and together with the kings made obeisance with his head.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
NarP 2 15.19
प्रेम्णा समागतं प्रक्ष्य तं पतन्तं नृपैः सह । अवरुह्य हयाद्राजा समुत्थाप्य सुतं विभो
premṇā samāgataṃ prakṣya taṃ patantaṃ nṛpaiḥ saha / avaruhya hayādrājā samutthāpya sutaṃ vibho
Seeing him who had come with affection falling down together with the kings, the king dismounted from the horse and raised his son up, O lord;
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
NarP 2 15.20
भुजाभ्यां साधु पीनाभ्यां पर्यष्वञ्जत भूपतिः । मूर्ध्नि चैवमुपाघ्राय उवाच तनयं तदा
bhujābhyāṃ sādhu pīnābhyāṃ paryaṣvañjata bhūpatiḥ / mūrdhni caivamupāghrāya uvāca tanayaṃ tadā
with his two well-rounded arms the lord of the earth embraced him, and kissing him on the head, he then said to his son:
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
NarP 2 15.21
कच्चित्पासि प्रजाः सर्वाः कच्चिद्दण्डयसे रिपून् । न्यायागतेन वित्तेन कोशं पुत्र बिभर्षि च
kaccitpāsi prajāḥ sarvāḥ kacciddaṇḍayase ripūn / nyāyāgatena vittena kośaṃ putra bibharṣi ca
"Do you protect all the subjects? Do you punish enemies? And do you, my son, maintain the treasury with wealth acquired by lawful means?
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
NarP 2 15.22
कच्चिद्विप्रेष्वत्यधिका वृत्तिर्दत्ता नपायिनी । कच्चित्ते कान्तशीलत्वं कच्चिद्वक्ताः न निष्ठुरम्
kaccidvipreṣvatyadhikā vṛttirdattā napāyinī / kaccitte kāntaśīlatvaṃ kaccidvaktāḥ na niṣṭhuram
Is a very ample and unfailing livelihood given to the brahmins? Is your conduct gracious? Do you not speak harshly?
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
NarP 2 15.23
कच्चिद्गावो न दुह्यन्ते पुत्र चाण्डलवेश्मानं । कच्चिद्वचनकर्तारस्तनयाश्च पितुः सदा
kaccidgāvo na duhyante putra cāṇḍalaveśmānaṃ / kaccidvacanakartārastanayāśca pituḥ sadā
Are the cows not milked, son, at the dwelling of a caṇḍāla? Are the sons always doers of their father's word?
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
NarP 2 15.24
कच्चिद्वधूः श्वश्रूवाक्ये वर्तते भर्तरि क्वचित् । कच्चिद्विवादान्विप्रेस्तु समं नेक्षस आत्मज
kaccidvadhūḥ śvaśrūvākye vartate bhartari kvacit / kaccidvivādānviprestu samaṃ nekṣasa ātmaja
Does the daughter-in-law abide by the word of her mother-in-law, and at times by (that of) her husband? Do you not, my son, look upon disputes among brahmins with indifference?
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
NarP 2 15.25
कच्चिद्गावो न रुध्यन्ते विषये विविधैस्तृणैः । तुलामानानि सर्वाणि ह्यन्नादीनां सदेक्षसे
kaccidgāvo na rudhyante viṣaye vividhaistṛṇaiḥ / tulāmānāni sarvāṇi hyannādīnāṃ sadekṣase
Are the cows not shut off in your realm from grasses of various kinds? Do you always inspect all the weights and measures of grain and other goods?
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
NarP 2 15.26
कुटुंबिनं करैः पुत्र नात्यर्थमभिदूयसे । कच्चिन्न द्यूतपानादि वर्तते विषये तव
kuṭuṃbinaṃ karaiḥ putra nātyarthamabhidūyase / kaccinna dyūtapānādi vartate viṣaye tava
Do you not, son, oppress the householder excessively with taxes? Do gambling, drinking and the like not go on in your realm?
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
NarP 2 15.27
कच्चिद्भिन्नरसैर्लोका भिन्नवाक्यैः पुरे तव । न दानैर्जीर्णवस्त्रैश्च नोपजीवन्ति मानवाः
kaccidbhinnarasairlokā bhinnavākyaiḥ pure tava / na dānairjīrṇavastraiśca nopajīvanti mānavāḥ
Do the people in your city not live off gifts of spoiled food, of discordant words, and of worn-out clothes?
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
NarP 2 15.28
कच्चिदृष्ट्वा स्वयं पुत्र हस्त्यश्वं परिरक्षसि । कच्चिच्च मातरः सर्वा ह्यविशेषेण पश्यसि
kaccidṛṣṭvā svayaṃ putra hastyaśvaṃ parirakṣasi / kaccicca mātaraḥ sarvā hyaviśeṣeṇa paśyasi
Do you, son, guard the elephants and horses, having inspected them yourself? And do you look upon all the (king's) wives, your mothers, without distinction?
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
NarP 2 15.29
कच्चिन्न वासरे विष्णोर्नरा भुञ्जन्ति पुत्रक । शशिनि क्षीणतां प्राप्ते कच्चिच्छ्राद्धपरो नरः
kaccinna vāsare viṣṇornarā bhuñjanti putraka / śaśini kṣīṇatāṃ prāpte kaccicchrāddhaparo naraḥ
Do men not eat on Viṣṇu's day, dear son? When the moon has reached its waning, is a man intent on the śrāddha rite?
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
NarP 2 15.30
कच्चिच्चापररात्रेषु सदा निद्रां विमुञ्चसि । निद्रा मूलमधर्मस्य निद्रा पापविवर्द्धिनी
kacciccāpararātreṣu sadā nidrāṃ vimuñcasi / nidrā mūlamadharmasya nidrā pāpavivarddhinī
And do you always give up sleep in the last watches of the night? Sleep is the root of unrighteousness, sleep is the increaser of sin.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
NarP 2 15.31
निद्रा दारिद्यजननी निद्रा श्रेयोविनाशिनी । नहि निद्रान्वितो राजा चिरं शास्ति वसुंधराम्
nidrā dāridyajananī nidrā śreyovināśinī / nahi nidrānvito rājā ciraṃ śāsti vasuṃdharām
Sleep is the mother of poverty, sleep is the destroyer of welfare; a king given to sleep does not rule the earth for long.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
NarP 2 15.32
पुंश्चलीव सदा भर्तुर्लोकद्वयविनाशिनी । एवमुच्चरमाणं तं तनयो वाक्यमब्रवीत्
puṃścalīva sadā bharturlokadvayavināśinī / evamuccaramāṇaṃ taṃ tanayo vākyamabravīt
(Sleep is) like a wanton woman, ever destroying both worlds for her husband. To him who was speaking thus the son said these words:
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
NarP 2 15.33
धर्माङ्गदो महीपालं प्रणम्य च पुनः पुनः । सर्वमेतत्कृतं तात पुनः कर्तास्मि ते वचः
dharmāṅgado mahīpālaṃ praṇamya ca punaḥ punaḥ / sarvametatkṛtaṃ tāta punaḥ kartāsmi te vacaḥ
Dharmāṅgada, bowing again and again to the king (said): All this has been done, father; I shall do your word again.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
NarP 2 15.34
पितुर्वचनकर्तारः पुत्रा धन्या जगत्त्रये । किं ततः पातकं राजन्यो न कुर्यात्पितुर्वचः
piturvacanakartāraḥ putrā dhanyā jagattraye / kiṃ tataḥ pātakaṃ rājanyo na kuryātpiturvacaḥ
Sons who carry out their father's word are blessed in the three worlds. What sin is greater than this, O king, that one should not do the father's word?
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
NarP 2 15.35
पितृवाक्यमनादृत्य व्रजेत्स्नातुं त्रिमार्गगाम् । न तत्तीर्थफलं भुङ्क्ते यो न कुर्यात्पितुर्वचः
pitṛvākyamanādṛtya vrajetsnātuṃ trimārgagām / na tattīrthaphalaṃ bhuṅkte yo na kuryātpiturvacaḥ
Should one disregard the father's word and go to bathe in the three-pathed (Gaṅgā), he does not enjoy the fruit of that tīrtha, he who does not do his father's word.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
NarP 2 15.36
त्वदधीनं शरीरं मे त्वदधीनं हि जीवितम् । त्वदधीनो हि मे धर्मस्त्वं च मे दैवतं परम्
tvadadhīnaṃ śarīraṃ me tvadadhīnaṃ hi jīvitam / tvadadhīno hi me dharmastvaṃ ca me daivataṃ param
My body depends on you, my life indeed depends on you; my dharma too depends on you, and you are my supreme deity.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
NarP 2 15.37
त्रैलोक्यस्यापि दानेन न शुद्ध्येत ऋणात्सुतः । किं पुनर्देहवित्ताभ्यां केशदानादिभिर्विभो
trailokyasyāpi dānena na śuddhyeta ṛṇātsutaḥ / kiṃ punardehavittābhyāṃ keśadānādibhirvibho
Even by giving away the three worlds a son could not be cleared of his debt (to his father); how much less, O lord, by body and wealth, by gifts of hair and the like.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
NarP 2 15.38
एवं ब्रुवाणं तनयं बहुभूपालसंवृतम् । रुक्माङ्गदः परिष्वज्य पुनराह सुतं वचः । सत्यमेतत्त्वया पुत्र व्याहृतं धर्मवेदिना
evaṃ bruvāṇaṃ tanayaṃ bahubhūpālasaṃvṛtam / rukmāṅgadaḥ pariṣvajya punarāha sutaṃ vacaḥ / satyametattvayā putra vyāhṛtaṃ dharmavedinā
Rukmāṅgada, embracing his son who spoke thus, surrounded by many kings, again spoke these words to his son: True is this that you have said, son, knower of dharma.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
NarP 2 15.39
पितुरभ्यधिकं किञ्चिद्दैवतं न सुतस्य हि । देवाः पराङ्मुखास्तस्य पितरं यो ऽवमन्यते
piturabhyadhikaṃ kiñciddaivataṃ na sutasya hi / devāḥ parāṅmukhāstasya pitaraṃ yo 'vamanyate
For a son there is no deity at all higher than his father; the gods turn their faces away from him who slights his father.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
NarP 2 15.40
सो ऽहं मूर्ध्नात्वया पुत्र धृतस्तत्क्षितिरक्षणात् । जित्वा द्वीपवतीं पृथ्वीं बहुभूपालसंवृताम्
so 'haṃ mūrdhnātvayā putra dhṛtastatkṣitirakṣaṇāt / jitvā dvīpavatīṃ pṛthvīṃ bahubhūpālasaṃvṛtām
Such as I am, son, I have been borne upon your head through your protection of this earth, having conquered the earth with its islands, girt about with many kings.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
NarP 2 15.41
एतत्सौख्यं परं लोके एतत्स्वर्गपदं ध्रुवम् । पितुरभ्यधिकः पुत्रो यद्भवेत्क्षितिमण्डले
etatsaukhyaṃ paraṃ loke etatsvargapadaṃ dhruvam / piturabhyadhikaḥ putro yadbhavetkṣitimaṇḍale
This is the highest happiness in the world, this is the sure station of heaven: that on the circle of the earth a son should surpass his father.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
NarP 2 15.42
सो ऽहं पुत्र कृतार्थस्तु कृतः सद्गुणवर्त्मना । त्वया साधयता भूपान्यथा हरिदिनं शुभम्
so 'haṃ putra kṛtārthastu kṛtaḥ sadguṇavartmanā / tvayā sādhayatā bhūpānyathā haridinaṃ śubham
"So I, son, have been made one whose purpose is fulfilled, by (your) way of good qualities — by you, who bring the kings to accomplishment, and (make) the day of Hari auspicious."
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
NarP 2 15.43
तत्पितुर्वचनं श्रुत्वा पुत्रो धर्माङ्गदो ऽब्रवीत् । क्क गतस्तु भवांस्तात निवेश्य मयि संपदः
tatpiturvacanaṃ śrutvā putro dharmāṅgado 'bravīt / kka gatastu bhavāṃstāta niveśya mayi saṃpadaḥ
Hearing that speech of his father, the son Dharmāṅgada said: "Where did you go, father, after settling the riches upon me?"
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
NarP 2 15.44
कस्मिन्स्थाने त्वियं प्राप्ता सूर्यायुतसमप्रभा । मन्ये निर्वेदमापन्न इमां सृष्ट्वा प्रजापतिः
kasminsthāne tviyaṃ prāptā sūryāyutasamaprabhā / manye nirvedamāpanna imāṃ sṛṣṭvā prajāpatiḥ
"In what place was she obtained, she whose radiance equals ten thousand suns? I think that Prajāpati, having created her, fell into world-weariness."
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
NarP 2 15.45
नैतद्रूपा महीपालनारी त्रैलोक्यमध्यतः । मन्ये भूधरजातेयमथवा सागरोद्भवा
naitadrūpā mahīpālanārī trailokyamadhyataḥ / manye bhūdharajāteyamathavā sāgarodbhavā
"There is no woman of a king with such a form in the midst of the three worlds. I think she is born of a mountain, or else sprung from the ocean."
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
NarP 2 15.46
माया वा मयदैत्यस्य प्रमदारूपसंस्थिता । अहो सुनुपुणो धाता येनेयं निर्मिता विभो । बालाग्रशतभागो हि व्यलीको नोपपद्यते
māyā vā mayadaityasya pramadārūpasaṃsthitā / aho sunupuṇo dhātā yeneyaṃ nirmitā vibho / bālāgraśatabhāgo hi vyalīko nopapadyate
"Or (she is) the magic of the demon Maya, taking the form of a young woman. Ah, most skilful is the Creator, by whom she was fashioned, O lord! For not even a hundredth part of the tip of a hair of her is false."
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
NarP 2 15.47
इयं हि योग्या कनकावदाता गृहाय तुभ्यं जगतीपतीश । एवं विधा मे जननी यदि स्यात्को ऽन्यो ऽस्ति मत्तः सुकृती मनुष्यः
iyaṃ hi yogyā kanakāvadātā gṛhāya tubhyaṃ jagatīpatīśa / evaṃ vidhā me jananī yadi syātko 'nyo 'sti mattaḥ sukṛtī manuṣyaḥ
"Indeed she, gold-fair, is fit for your house, O lord of the earth's masters. If such a one were my mother, who other than me is a fortunate man?"
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition