Markandeya Purana — Chapter 31
MkP 31.1
सपिण्डीकरणादूर्ध्वं पितुर्यः प्रपितामहः । स तु लेपभुजो याति प्रलुप्तः पितृपिण्डतः
sapiṇḍīkaraṇādūrdhvaṃ pituryaḥ prapitāmahaḥ / sa tu lepabhujo yāti praluptaḥ pitṛpiṇḍataḥ
After the sapiṇḍīkaraṇa, he who is the father's great-grandfather goes to the state of one who feeds on the smear (of the offering), being cut off from the fathers' rice-ball.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
MkP 31.2
तेषामन्यश्चतुर्थो यः पुत्रलेपभुजान्नभुक् । सो ऽपि सम्बन्धतो हीनमुपभोगं प्रपद्यते
teṣāmanyaścaturtho yaḥ putralepabhujānnabhuk / so 'pi sambandhato hīnamupabhogaṃ prapadyate
And another, a fourth beyond them, who eats the food of the eaters of the son's smears (lepa) — he too, by reason of (his remote) connection, attains a lesser enjoyment (of the offering).
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
MkP 31.3
पिता पितामहश्चैव तथैव प्रपितामहः । पिण्डसम्बन्धिनो ह्येते विज्ञेयाः पुरुषास्त्रयः
pitā pitāmahaścaiva tathaiva prapitāmahaḥ / piṇḍasambandhino hyete vijñeyāḥ puruṣāstrayaḥ
The father, the grandfather, and likewise the great-grandfather — these three persons are to be known as those connected with the (rice-)ball offering.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
MkP 31.4
तेपसम्बन्धिनश्चान्ये पितामहपितामहात् । प्रभृत्युक्तास्त्रयस्तेषां यजमानश्च सप्तमः
tepasambandhinaścānye pitāmahapitāmahāt / prabhṛtyuktāstrayasteṣāṃ yajamānaśca saptamaḥ
And others, connected with the smear (lepa), are the three said (to begin) from the grandfather's grandfather onward; and the sacrificer himself is the seventh of them.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
MkP 31.5
इत्येष मु नभिः प्रोक्तः सम्बन्धः साप्तपौरुषः । यजमानात् प्रभृत्यूर्ध्वमनुलेपभुजस्तथा
ityeṣa mu nabhiḥ proktaḥ sambandhaḥ sāptapauruṣaḥ / yajamānāt prabhṛtyūrdhvamanulepabhujastathā
Thus this connection extending over seven persons has been declared by the sages: from the sacrificer onward (downward), and likewise upward the eaters of the smear.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
MkP 31.6
ततो ऽन्ये पूर्वजाः सर्वे ये चान्ये नरकौकसः । ये च तिर्यक्त्वमापन्ना ये च भूतादिसंस्थिताः
tato 'nye pūrvajāḥ sarve ye cānye narakaukasaḥ / ye ca tiryaktvamāpannā ye ca bhūtādisaṃsthitāḥ
Beyond them, all the other forebears, and the others who dwell in hell, and those who have fallen into animal birth, and those who exist as ghosts and the like —
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
MkP 31.7
तान् सर्वान् यजमानो वै श्राद्धं कुर्वन् यथाविधि । समाप्याययते वत्स ! येन येन शृणुष्व तत्
tān sarvān yajamāno vai śrāddhaṃ kurvan yathāvidhi / samāpyāyayate vatsa ! yena yena śṛṇuṣva tat
all of these the sacrificer, performing the śrāddha according to rule, does satisfy, my child; hear by what means each is satisfied.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
MkP 31.8
अन्नप्रकिरणं यत् तु मनुष्यैः क्रियते भुवि । तेन तृत्पिमुपायान्ति ये पिशाचत्वमागताः
annaprakiraṇaṃ yat tu manuṣyaiḥ kriyate bhuvi / tena tṛtpimupāyānti ye piśācatvamāgatāḥ
The scattering of food that is done by men on the earth — by that those who have come to the condition of piśācas attain satisfaction.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
MkP 31.9
यदम्बु स्त्रानवस्त्रोत्थं भूमौ पतति पुत्रक ! । तेन ये तरुतां प्राप्तास्तेषां तृप्तिः प्रजायते
yadambu strānavastrotthaṃ bhūmau patati putraka ! / tena ye tarutāṃ prāptāsteṣāṃ tṛptiḥ prajāyate
The water that falls to the ground from the bathing-cloth, dear son — by that satisfaction arises for those who have become trees.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
MkP 31.10
यास्तु गात्राम्बुकणिकाः पतन्ति धरणीतले । ताभिराप्यायनं तेषां ये देवत्वं कुले गताः
yāstu gātrāmbukaṇikāḥ patanti dharaṇītale / tābhirāpyāyanaṃ teṣāṃ ye devatvaṃ kule gatāḥ
And the drops of water from the body that fall on the surface of the earth — by these there is refreshment for those in the family who have gone to godhood.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
MkP 31.11
उद्धृतेष्वथ पिण्डेषु याश्चान्नकणिका भुवि । ताभिराप्यायनं प्राप्ता ये तिर्यकत्वं कुले गताः
uddhṛteṣvatha piṇḍeṣu yāścānnakaṇikā bhuvi / tābhirāpyāyanaṃ prāptā ye tiryakatvaṃ kule gatāḥ
And the particles of food (that fall) on the ground when the rice-balls are taken up — by these refreshment is obtained by those of the family who have gone to animal birth.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
MkP 31.12
ये वादग्धाः कुले बालाः क्रियायोग्या ह्यसंस्कृताः । विपन्नास्ते ऽन्नविकिर-संमार्जनजलाशिनः
ye vādagdhāḥ kule bālāḥ kriyāyogyā hyasaṃskṛtāḥ / vipannāste 'nnavikira-saṃmārjanajalāśinaḥ
Those children in the family who died unburnt, unconsecrated, being unfit for the rites — they feed on the scattered food and on the water used for cleansing.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
MkP 31.13
भुक्त्वा चाचामतां यच्च जलं यच्चाङ्घ्रिसेचने । ब्राह्मणानां तथैवान्ये तेन तृप्तिं प्रयान्ति वै
bhuktvā cācāmatāṃ yacca jalaṃ yaccāṅghrisecane / brāhmaṇānāṃ tathaivānye tena tṛptiṃ prayānti vai
And the water with which the brahmins rinse their mouths after eating, and that used in washing their feet — by that still others indeed attain satisfaction.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
MkP 31.14
एवं यो यजमानस्य यश्च तेषां द्विजन्मनाम् । कश्चिज्जलान्नविक्षेपः शुचिरुच्छिष्ट एव वा
evaṃ yo yajamānasya yaśca teṣāṃ dvijanmanām / kaścijjalānnavikṣepaḥ śucirucchiṣṭa eva vā
Thus whatever scattering of water or food there is, whether pure or left over, on the part of the sacrificer and of those twice-born ones —
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
MkP 31.15
तेनान्ये तत्कुले तत्र तत्तद्योन्यन्तरं गताः । प्रयान्त्याप्यायनं वत्स ! सम्यक् श्राद्धक्रियावताम्
tenānye tatkule tatra tattadyonyantaraṃ gatāḥ / prayāntyāpyāyanaṃ vatsa ! samyak śrāddhakriyāvatām
by that others in that family, gone there to this or that other womb, attain refreshment, my child, from those who perform the śrāddha rites correctly.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
MkP 31.16
अन्यायोपार्जितैरर्थैर्यच्छ्राद्धं क्रियते नरैः । तृप्यन्ते तेन चाण्डालपुक्कसाद्यासु योनिषु
anyāyopārjitairarthairyacchrāddhaṃ kriyate naraiḥ / tṛpyante tena cāṇḍālapukkasādyāsu yoniṣu
When a śrāddha is performed by men with wealth acquired unjustly, by it are satisfied those (of the family) in the wombs of Cāṇḍālas, Pukkasas and the like.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
MkP 31.17
एवमाप्यायनं वत्स ! बहूनामिह बान्धवैः । श्राद्धं कुर्वदिभरन्नाम्बुबिन्दुक्षेपेण जायते
evamāpyāyanaṃ vatsa ! bahūnāmiha bāndhavaiḥ / śrāddhaṃ kurvadibharannāmbubindukṣepeṇa jāyate
Thus, my child, the refreshment of many here comes about through their kinsmen who perform the śrāddha, by the scattering of food and drops of water.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
MkP 31.18
तस्माच्छ्राद्धं नरो भक्त्या शाकैरपि यथाविधि । कुर्वोत कुर्वतः श्राद्धं कुले कश्चिन्न सीदति
tasmācchrāddhaṃ naro bhaktyā śākairapi yathāvidhi / kurvota kurvataḥ śrāddhaṃ kule kaścinna sīdati
Therefore a man should perform the śrāddha with devotion according to rule, even with vegetables; when one performs the śrāddha, no one in the family suffers.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
MkP 31.19
तस्य कालानहं वक्ष्ये नित्यनैमित्तिकात्मकान् । विधिना येन च नरैः क्रियते तन्निबोध मे
tasya kālānahaṃ vakṣye nityanaimittikātmakān / vidhinā yena ca naraiḥ kriyate tannibodha me
I shall declare its times, both the regular and the occasional, and the rule by which it is performed by men — learn that from me.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
MkP 31.20
कार्यं श्राद्धममावास्यां मासि मास्युडुपक्षये । तथाष्टकास्वप्यवश्यमिच्छाकालं निबोध मे
kāryaṃ śrāddhamamāvāsyāṃ māsi māsyuḍupakṣaye / tathāṣṭakāsvapyavaśyamicchākālaṃ nibodha me
The śrāddha is to be performed at the new moon, month by month at the waning of the moon, and likewise necessarily on the aṣṭakā days; learn from me the optional times.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
MkP 31.21
विशिष्टब्राह्मणप्राप्तौ सूर्येन्दुग्रहणे ऽयने । विषुवे रविसंक्रान्तौ व्यतिपाते च पुत्रक
viśiṣṭabrāhmaṇaprāptau sūryendugrahaṇe 'yane / viṣuve ravisaṃkrāntau vyatipāte ca putraka
On the arrival of a distinguished brahmin, at an eclipse of the sun or moon, at a solstice, at an equinox, at the sun's passage into a new sign, and at a vyatipāta, dear son —
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
MkP 31.22
श्राद्धार्हद्रव्यसम्प्राप्तौ तथा दुःस्वप्नदर्शने । जन्मर्क्षग्रहपीडासु श्राद्धं कुर्वोत चेच्छया
śrāddhārhadravyasamprāptau tathā duḥsvapnadarśane / janmarkṣagrahapīḍāsu śrāddhaṃ kurvota cecchayā
On obtaining goods fit for a śrāddha, and likewise on seeing a bad dream, and when the birth-asterism is afflicted by planets — one may perform a śrāddha at will, my son.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
MkP 31.23
विशिष्टः श्रोत्रियो योगी वेदविज्ज्येष्ठसामगः । त्रिणाचिकेतस्त्रिमधुस्त्रिसुपर्णः षडङ्गवित्
viśiṣṭaḥ śrotriyo yogī vedavijjyeṣṭhasāmagaḥ / triṇāciketastrimadhustrisuparṇaḥ ṣaḍaṅgavit
A distinguished (brahmin) is: one learned in Vedic recitation, a yogin, a knower of the Veda, a chanter of the Jyeṣṭha-sāman, one who has performed the three Nāciketa rites, the three Madhu (verses), the three Suparṇa (verses), a knower of the six auxiliary sciences,
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
MkP 31.24
दौहित्रऋत्विग्जामातृस्वस्त्रीयाः श्वशुरस्तथा । पञ्चाग्निकर्मनिष्ठश्च तपोनिष्ठो ऽथ मातुलः
dauhitraṛtvigjāmātṛsvastrīyāḥ śvaśurastathā / pañcāgnikarmaniṣṭhaśca taponiṣṭho 'tha mātulaḥ
a daughter's son, an officiating priest, a son-in-law, a sister's son, and likewise a father-in-law, one devoted to the rite of the five fires, one devoted to asceticism, and a maternal uncle,
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
MkP 31.25
मातापितृपराश्चैव शिष्यसम्बन्धिबान्धवाः । एते द्विजोत्तमाः श्राद्धे समस्ताः केतनक्षमाः
mātāpitṛparāścaiva śiṣyasambandhibāndhavāḥ / ete dvijottamāḥ śrāddhe samastāḥ ketanakṣamāḥ
and those devoted to mother and father, pupils, connections by marriage, and kinsmen — all these best of twice-born are fit to be invited to a śrāddha.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
MkP 31.26
अवकीर्णो तथा रोगी न्यूने चाङ्गे तथाधिके । पौनर्भवस्तथा काणः कुण्डो गोलो ऽथ पुत्रक
avakīrṇo tathā rogī nyūne cāṅge tathādhike / paunarbhavastathā kāṇaḥ kuṇḍo golo 'tha putraka
But one who has broken his vow of chastity, likewise one who is diseased, one deficient or excessive in a limb, the son of a remarried woman, a one-eyed man, a kuṇḍa and a gola (sons born to a woman by another man, her husband living or dead), my son,
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
MkP 31.27
मित्रध्रुक् कुनखी क्लीबः श्यावदन्तो निराकृतिः । अबिशस्तस्तु तातेन पिशुनः सोमविक्रयी
mitradhruk kunakhī klībaḥ śyāvadanto nirākṛtiḥ / abiśastastu tātena piśunaḥ somavikrayī
a betrayer of friends, one with diseased nails, an impotent man, one with black teeth, one of ill form, one accused (of crime) by his own father, a slanderer, a seller of soma,
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
MkP 31.28
कन्यादूषयिता वैद्यो गुरुपित्रोस्तथोज्झकः । भृतकाध्यापको ऽमित्रः परपूर्वापतिस्तथा
kanyādūṣayitā vaidyo gurupitrostathojjhakaḥ / bhṛtakādhyāpako 'mitraḥ parapūrvāpatistathā
a defiler of a maiden, a physician, one who abandons his teacher and his parents, one who teaches for hire, an enemy, and the husband of a woman previously another's,
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
MkP 31.29
वेदोज्झो ऽथाग्निसन्त्यागी वृषलीपतिदूषितः । तथान्ये च विकर्मस्था वर्ज्याः पित्र्येषु वै द्विजाः
vedojjho 'thāgnisantyāgī vṛṣalīpatidūṣitaḥ / tathānye ca vikarmasthā varjyāḥ pitryeṣu vai dvijāḥ
one who has abandoned the Veda, one who has given up his fires, one defiled by being the husband of a low-caste woman, and others engaged in forbidden occupations — these twice-born are indeed to be excluded from the rites for the fathers.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
MkP 31.30
निमन्त्रयेत पूर्वेद्युः पूर्वोक्तान् द्विजसत्तमान् । दैवे नियोगे पित्र्ये च तांस्तथैवोपकल्पयेत्
nimantrayeta pūrvedyuḥ pūrvoktān dvijasattamān / daive niyoge pitrye ca tāṃstathaivopakalpayet
On the previous day he should invite the aforesaid best of the twice-born, and should so appoint them for the divine and for the ancestral portion of the rite.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
MkP 31.31
तैश्च संयतिभिर्भाव्यं यश्च श्राद्धं करिष्यति । श्राद्धं दत्त्वा च भुक्त्वा च मैथुनं यो ऽनुगच्छति
taiśca saṃyatibhirbhāvyaṃ yaśca śrāddhaṃ kariṣyati / śrāddhaṃ dattvā ca bhuktvā ca maithunaṃ yo 'nugacchati
And they must be self-restrained, as must he who is going to perform the śrāddha; and (as for) one who, having given a śrāddha or having eaten (at one), then engages in sexual intercourse —
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
MkP 31.32
पितरस्तु तयोर्मासं तस्मिन रेतसि शेरते । गत्वा च योषितं श्राद्धे यो भुङ्क्ते यश्च गच्छति
pitarastu tayormāsaṃ tasmina retasi śerate / gatvā ca yoṣitaṃ śrāddhe yo bhuṅkte yaśca gacchati
the fathers of those two lie for a month in that semen. And he who eats at a śrāddha after having gone to a woman, and he who (afterwards) goes (to one) —
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
MkP 31.33
रेतोमूत्रकृताहारास्तन्मासं पितरस्तयोः । तस्मात्तु प्रथमं कार्यं प्राज्ञेनोपनिमन्त्रणम्
retomūtrakṛtāhārāstanmāsaṃ pitarastayoḥ / tasmāttu prathamaṃ kāryaṃ prājñenopanimantraṇam
the fathers of those two have semen and urine for their food for that month. Therefore the wise man should first of all issue the invitation.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
MkP 31.34
अप्राप्तौ तद्दिने चापि वर्ज्या योषित्प्रसङ्गिनः । भिक्षार्थमागतान् वापि काले संयमिनो यतीन्
aprāptau taddine cāpi varjyā yoṣitprasaṅginaḥ / bhikṣārthamāgatān vāpi kāle saṃyamino yatīn
And even on that day, if (the invited ones) do not come, those addicted to women are to be avoided; or else the self-restrained ascetics who have come at the (proper) time for alms —
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
MkP 31.35
भोजयेत् प्रणिपाताद्यैः प्रासाद्य यतमानसः । यथैव शुक्लपक्षाद्वै पितॄणामसितः प्रियः
bhojayet praṇipātādyaiḥ prāsādya yatamānasaḥ / yathaiva śuklapakṣādvai pitṝṇāmasitaḥ priyaḥ
he should feed (them), having propitiated them with prostrations and the like, with restrained mind. Just as the dark fortnight is dearer to the fathers than the bright,
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
MkP 31.36
तथापराह्नः पूर्वाह्नात् पितॄणामतिरित्यते । संपूज्य स्वागतेनैतानभ्युपेतान् गृहे द्विजान्
tathāparāhnaḥ pūrvāhnāt pitṝṇāmatirityate / saṃpūjya svāgatenaitānabhyupetān gṛhe dvijān
so the afternoon is preferred by the fathers to the forenoon. Having honoured with a welcome these twice-born who have come to the house,
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
MkP 31.37
पवित्रपाणिराचान्तानासनेषूपवेशयेत् । पितॄणामयुजः कामं युग्मान् दैवे द्विजोत्तमान्
pavitrapāṇirācāntānāsaneṣūpaveśayet / pitṝṇāmayujaḥ kāmaṃ yugmān daive dvijottamān
with purifying grass in his hand he should seat them on the seats when they have rinsed their mouths — an odd number for the fathers, as he wishes, and an even number of the best of the twice-born for the deities.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
MkP 31.38
एकैकं वा पितॄणाञ्च देवानाञ्च स्वशक्तितः । तथा मातामहानाञ्च तुल्यं वा वैश्वदेविकम्
ekaikaṃ vā pitṝṇāñca devānāñca svaśaktitaḥ / tathā mātāmahānāñca tulyaṃ vā vaiśvadevikam
Or one each for the fathers and for the gods, according to his ability; and likewise for the maternal grandfathers; or the offering to the All-gods may be equal (in number).
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
MkP 31.39
पृथक् तयोस्तथा चान्ये केचिदिच्छन्ति मानवाः । प्राङ्मुखान्दैवसङ्कल्पान् पैत्र्यान् कुर्यादुदङ्मुखान्
pṛthak tayostathā cānye kecidicchanti mānavāḥ / prāṅmukhāndaivasaṅkalpān paitryān kuryādudaṅmukhān
And some men wish (the two rites to be performed) separately for those two. He should make those intended for the gods face east, and those for the fathers face north.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
MkP 31.40
तथैव मातामहानां विधिरुक्तो मनीषिभिः । विष्टरार्थे कुशान् दत्त्वा पूज्य चार्घ्यादिना बुधः
tathaiva mātāmahānāṃ vidhirukto manīṣibhiḥ / viṣṭarārthe kuśān dattvā pūjya cārghyādinā budhaḥ
And in just the same way the rule for the maternal grandfathers has been declared by the wise. The wise man, having given kuśa grass for a seat and having honoured (them) with the arghya-water and the rest,
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
MkP 31.41
पवित्रकादि वै दत्त्वा तेभ्यो ऽनुज्ञामवाप्य च । कुर्यादावाहनं प्राज्ञो देवानां मन्त्रतो द्विजः
pavitrakādi vai dattvā tebhyo 'nujñāmavāpya ca / kuryādāvāhanaṃ prājño devānāṃ mantrato dvijaḥ
and having given the purifying grass and so forth, and having obtained their permission, the learned twice-born should make the invocation of the gods with the mantra.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
MkP 31.42
यवाम्भोभिस्तथा चार्घ्यं दत्त्वा वै वैश्वदेविकम् । गन्धमाल्याम्बुधूपञ्च दत्त्वा सम्यक् सदिपकम्
yavāmbhobhistathā cārghyaṃ dattvā vai vaiśvadevikam / gandhamālyāmbudhūpañca dattvā samyak sadipakam
And having given the arghya with barley-water, and the offering belonging to the All-gods, and having properly given scent, garlands, water and incense, together with a lamp,
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
MkP 31.43
अपसव्यं पितॄणाञ्च सर्वमेवोपकल्पयेत् । दर्भांश्च द्विगुणान् दत्त्वा तेभ्यो ऽनुज्ञामवाप्य च
apasavyaṃ pitṝṇāñca sarvamevopakalpayet / darbhāṃśca dviguṇān dattvā tebhyo 'nujñāmavāpya ca
and for the fathers he should arrange everything with the sacred cord over the right shoulder (apasavya); and having given twice as many darbha grasses, and having obtained their permission,
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
MkP 31.44
मन्त्रपूर्वं पितॄणाञ्च कुर्यादावाहनं बुधः । अपसव्यं तथा चार्घ्यं यवार्थञ्च तथा तिलैः
mantrapūrvaṃ pitṝṇāñca kuryādāvāhanaṃ budhaḥ / apasavyaṃ tathā cārghyaṃ yavārthañca tathā tilaiḥ
the wise man should perform the invocation of the fathers, preceded by mantras; likewise (in the reversed manner) apasavya, and the arghya, and with sesame seeds in place of barley,
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
MkP 31.45
निष्पादयेन्महाभाग ! पितॄणं प्रीणने रतः । अग्नौ कार्यमनुज्ञातः कुरुष्वेति ततो द्विजैः
niṣpādayenmahābhāga ! pitṝṇaṃ prīṇane rataḥ / agnau kāryamanujñātaḥ kuruṣveti tato dvijaiḥ
— (all this) he should carry out, O greatly fortunate one, being intent on pleasing the fathers. Then, when he has been given leave by the twice-born with the words "Do it," the rite in the fire (is to be performed):
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
MkP 31.46
जुहुयाद्व्यञ्जनक्षारवर्ज्यमन्नं यथाविधि । अग्नये कव्यवाहाय स्वहेति प्रथमाहुतिः
juhuyādvyañjanakṣāravarjyamannaṃ yathāvidhi / agnaye kavyavāhāya svaheti prathamāhutiḥ
he should offer, as prescribed, food free of condiments and salt; the first oblation is "To Agni, the bearer of offerings to the dead, svāhā."
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
MkP 31.47
सोमाय वै पितृमते स्वाहेत्यन्या तथा भवेत् । यमाय प्रेतपतये स्वाहेति त्रितयाहुतिः
somāya vai pitṛmate svāhetyanyā tathā bhavet / yamāya pretapataye svāheti tritayāhutiḥ
"To Soma, who is accompanied by the fathers, svāhā" — thus would be the second; "To Yama, lord of the departed, svāhā" — that is the third oblation.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
MkP 31.48
हुतावशिष्टं दद्याच्च भाजनेषु द्विजन्मनाम् । भाजनालम्भनं कृत्वा दद्याच्चान्नं यथाविधि
hutāvaśiṣṭaṃ dadyācca bhājaneṣu dvijanmanām / bhājanālambhanaṃ kṛtvā dadyāccānnaṃ yathāvidhi
And what is left over from the oblation he should place in the dishes of the twice-born; having touched the dishes, he should serve the food as prescribed.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
MkP 31.49
यथा सुखं जुषध्वं भो इति वाच्यमनिष्ठुरम् । भुञ्जीरंश्च ततस्ते ऽपि तच्चित्ता मौनिनः सुखम्
yathā sukhaṃ juṣadhvaṃ bho iti vācyamaniṣṭhuram / bhuñjīraṃśca tataste 'pi taccittā mauninaḥ sukham
"Sirs, partake at your ease" — this is to be said, and not harshly; and then they too, keeping silence with their minds on it, should eat at their ease.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
MkP 31.50
यद्यदिष्टचतमं तेषां तत्तदन्नमसत्वरम् । अक्रुध्यंश्च नरो दद्यात् सम्भवेन प्रलोभयन्
yadyadiṣṭacatamaṃ teṣāṃ tattadannamasatvaram / akrudhyaṃśca naro dadyāt sambhavena pralobhayan
Whatever food is most desired by them, that the man should give without delay and without anger, tempting (them to eat) as far as he is able.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
MkP 31.51
रक्षोघ्रांश्च जपेन्मन्त्रांस्तिलैश्च विकिरेन्महीम् । सिद्धार्थकैश्च रक्षार्थं श्राद्धं हि प्रचुरच्छलम्
rakṣoghrāṃśca japenmantrāṃstilaiśca vikirenmahīm / siddhārthakaiśca rakṣārthaṃ śrāddhaṃ hi pracuracchalam
And he should recite the mantras that destroy demons, and strew the ground with sesame seeds and with white mustard for protection — for the śrāddha offers many openings (for interference).
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
MkP 31.52
पृष्टैस्तृप्तैश्च तृप्ताः स्थ तृप्ताः स्म इति वादिभिः । अनुज्ञातो नरस्त्वन्नं प्रकिरेत् भुवि सर्वतः
pṛṣṭaistṛptaiśca tṛptāḥ stha tṛptāḥ sma iti vādibhiḥ / anujñāto narastvannaṃ prakiret bhuvi sarvataḥ
When they have been asked and are satisfied, and say "We are satisfied, we are content," then, given leave, the man should scatter food on the ground all around.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
MkP 31.53
तद्वदाचमनार्थाय दद्यादापः सकृत् सकृत् । अनुज्ञाञ्च ततः प्राप्य यतवाक्कायमानसः
tadvadācamanārthāya dadyādāpaḥ sakṛt sakṛt / anujñāñca tataḥ prāpya yatavākkāyamānasaḥ
In the same way he should give water for rinsing the mouth, once to each; and then, having obtained permission, restrained in speech, body and mind,
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
MkP 31.54
सतिलेन ततो ऽन्नेन पिण्डान् सव्येन पुत्रक ! । पितनुद्दिश्य दर्भेषु दद्यादुच्छिष्टसन्निधौ
satilena tato 'nnena piṇḍān savyena putraka ! / pitanuddiśya darbheṣu dadyāducchiṣṭasannidhau
then, my son, with food mixed with sesame he should give the balls (piṇḍas) with the left hand upon the darbha grasses, near the leavings, designating the fathers.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
MkP 31.55
पितृतीर्थेन तोयञ्च दद्यात्तेभ्यः समाहितः । पितॄनिद्दिश्य यद्भक्त्या यजमानो नृपात्मज
pitṛtīrthena toyañca dadyāttebhyaḥ samāhitaḥ / pitṝniddiśya yadbhaktyā yajamāno nṛpātmaja
And with the pitṛ-tīrtha (part of the hand) he should offer water to them, collected in mind, designating the fathers — whatever the sacrificer (offers) with devotion, O son of the king.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
MkP 31.56
तद्वन्मातामहानाञ्च दत्त्वा पिण्डान् यथाविधि । गन्धमाल्यादिसंयुक्तं दद्यादाचमनं ततः
tadvanmātāmahānāñca dattvā piṇḍān yathāvidhi / gandhamālyādisaṃyuktaṃ dadyādācamanaṃ tataḥ
Likewise, having given the balls to the maternal grandfathers as prescribed, he should then give water for rinsing the mouth, together with scent, garlands and the rest.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
MkP 31.57
दत्त्वा च तक्षिणां शक्त्या सुस्वधास्त्विति तान् वदेत् । तैश्च तुष्टैस्तथेत्युक्त्वा वाचयेद्वैश्वदेविकान्
dattvā ca takṣiṇāṃ śaktyā susvadhāstviti tān vadet / taiśca tuṣṭaistathetyuktvā vācayedvaiśvadevikān
And having given the fee according to his means, he should say to them "May the svadhā be good"; and when they, pleased, have said "So be it," he should have them pronounce (the blessing) for the All-gods.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
MkP 31.58
प्रीयन्तामिति भद्रं वो विश्वेदेवा इतीरयेन् । तथेति चोक्ते तैर्विप्रैः प्रार्थनीयास्तदाशिषः
prīyantāmiti bhadraṃ vo viśvedevā itīrayen / tatheti cokte tairvipraiḥ prārthanīyāstadāśiṣaḥ
He should say: "May the Viśvedevas be pleased; welfare to you"; and when the brahmins have said "So be it," their blessings should then be asked for.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
MkP 31.59
विसर्जयेत् प्रियाण्युक्त्वा प्रणिपत्य च भक्तितः । आद्वारमनुगच्छेच्चागच्छेच्चानुप्रमोदितः
visarjayet priyāṇyuktvā praṇipatya ca bhaktitaḥ / ādvāramanugaccheccāgaccheccānupramoditaḥ
He should dismiss them, speaking kind words and bowing down with devotion; he should follow them as far as the door, and come back, gladdened.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
MkP 31.60
ततो नित्यक्रियां कुर्याद् भोजयेच्च तथातिथीन् । नित्यक्रियां पितॄणाञ्च केचिदिच्छन्ति सत्तमाः
tato nityakriyāṃ kuryād bhojayecca tathātithīn / nityakriyāṃ pitṝṇāñca kecidicchanti sattamāḥ
Then he should perform the daily rite and likewise feed guests; and some of the best (authorities) hold that the daily rite is (also) for the fathers,
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
MkP 31.61
न पितॄणान्तथैवान्ये शेषं पूर्ववदाचरेत् । पृथक् पाकेन नेत्यन्ये केचित् पूर्वञ्च पूर्ववत्
na pitṝṇāntathaivānye śeṣaṃ pūrvavadācaret / pṛthak pākena netyanye kecit pūrvañca pūrvavat
while others hold that it is not for the fathers. The rest he should do as before. Others say (it is) not (to be done) with separate cooking; some (say) the earlier part too is as before.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
MkP 31.62
ततस्तदन्नं भुञ्जीत सह भृत्यादिभिर्नरः । एवं कुर्वोत धर्मज्ञः श्राद्धं पित्र्यं समाहितः
tatastadannaṃ bhuñjīta saha bhṛtyādibhirnaraḥ / evaṃ kurvota dharmajñaḥ śrāddhaṃ pitryaṃ samāhitaḥ
Then let the man eat that food together with his dependants and the rest. Thus let one who knows dharma, with a collected mind, perform the śrāddha for the fathers.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
MkP 31.63
यथा वा द्विजमुख्यानां परितोषो ऽभिजायते । त्रीणि श्राद्धे पवित्राणि दौहित्रं कुतपस्तिलाः
yathā vā dvijamukhyānāṃ paritoṣo 'bhijāyate / trīṇi śrāddhe pavitrāṇi dauhitraṃ kutapastilāḥ
Or (let him act) in such a way that satisfaction arises in the foremost of the twice-born. Three things are purifying at a śrāddha: a daughter's son, the kutapa (hour/woollen blanket), and sesame seeds.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
MkP 31.64
वर्ज्यानि चाहुर्विप्रेन्द्र ! कोपो ऽध्वगमनं त्वरा । राजतञ्च तथा पात्रं शस्तं श्राद्धेषु पुत्रक !
varjyāni cāhurviprendra ! kopo 'dhvagamanaṃ tvarā / rājatañca tathā pātraṃ śastaṃ śrāddheṣu putraka !
And they say these are to be avoided, O best of brahmins: anger, going on a journey, and haste; and a silver vessel is commended at śrāddhas, my son.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
MkP 31.65
रजतस्य तथा कार्यं दर्शनं दानमेव वा । राजते हि स्वधा दुग्धा पितृभिः श्रूयते मही । तस्मात् पितॄणां रजतमभीष्टं प्रीतिवर्धनम्
rajatasya tathā kāryaṃ darśanaṃ dānameva vā / rājate hi svadhā dugdhā pitṛbhiḥ śrūyate mahī / tasmāt pitṝṇāṃ rajatamabhīṣṭaṃ prītivardhanam
Likewise the showing of silver should be done, or indeed the gift of it; for it is heard that the earth was milked of svadhā by the fathers into silver. Therefore silver is desired by the fathers and increases their pleasure.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain