Mahabharata — Volume IV (Dutt edition) — Chapter 1
MBh 4 1.1
नारायणं नमस्कृत्य नरं चैव नरोत्तमम्। देवी सरस्वतीं चैव ततो जयमुदीरयेत्।।
nārāyaṇaṃ namaskṛtya naraṃ caiva narottamam| devī sarasvatīṃ caiva tato jayamudīrayet||
Having saluted the Supreme Deity (Narayana), and the highest of all male beings (Nara) and also the goddess of Learning (Sarasvati), let us cry success!
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 4 1.2
जनमेजय उवाच कथं युयुधिरे वीराः कुरुपाण्डवसोमकाः। पार्थिवाः सुमहात्मानो नानादेशसमागताः॥
janamejaya uvāca kathaṃ yuyudhire vīrāḥ kurupāṇḍavasomakāḥ| pārthivāḥ sumahātmāno nānādeśasamāgatāḥ||
Janamejaya said How did those great warriors, the Kurus, the Pandavas and the Somakas and the other illustrious kings who assembled from various countries fight?
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 4 1.3
वैशम्पायन उवाच यथा युयुधिके वीराः कुरुपाण्डवसोमकाः। कुरुक्षेत्रे तपःक्षेत्रे शृणु त्वं पृथिवीपते॥
vaiśampāyana uvāca yathā yuyudhike vīrāḥ kurupāṇḍavasomakāḥ| kurukṣetre tapaḥkṣetre śṛṇu tvaṃ pṛthivīpate||
Vaishampayana said ruler of carth, hear how those great warriors, the Kurus, the Pandavas and the Somakas foughton the holy field of Kurukshetra.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 4 1.4
तेऽवतीर्य कुरुक्षेत्रं पाण्डवाः सहसोमकाः। कौरवाः समवर्तन्त जिगीषन्तो महाबलाः॥
te'vatīrya kurukṣetraṃ pāṇḍavāḥ sahasomakāḥ| kauravāḥ samavartanta jigīṣanto mahābalāḥ||
Arriving at Kurukshetra, the powerful Pandavas, accompanied with the Somakas, advanced against the Kurus with the desire of victory.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 4 1.5
वेदाध्ययनसम्पन्नाः सर्वे युद्धाभिनन्दिनः। आशंसन्तो जयं युद्धे बलेनामिमुखा रणे॥
vedādhyayanasampannāḥ sarve yuddhābhinandinaḥ| āśaṃsanto jayaṃ yuddhe balenāmimukhā raṇe||
Learned in the Vedas, they all took great delight in battle. Being eager to secure success in the battle, they with their soldiers advanced to the fight.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 4 1.6
अभियाय च दुर्धर्षां धार्तराष्ट्रस्य वाहिनीम्। प्राङ्मुखाः पश्चिमे भागे न्यविशन्त ससैनिकाः॥
abhiyāya ca durdharṣāṃ dhārtarāṣṭrasya vāhinīm| prāṅmukhāḥ paścime bhāge nyaviśanta sasainikāḥ||
Coming near the army of Dhritarashtra's son those invincible heroes encamped with their troops on the Western part (of the field), their faces turned towards the East.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 4 1.7
समन्तपञ्चकाद् बाह्यं शिविराणि सहस्रशः। कारयामास विधिवत् कुन्तीपुत्रो युधिष्ठिरः॥
samantapañcakād bāhyaṃ śivirāṇi sahasraśaḥ| kārayāmāsa vidhivat kuntīputro yudhiṣṭhiraḥ||
The son of Kunti Yudhishthira ordered tents to be pitched duly be thousands beyond the region called Samantapanchaka.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 4 1.8
शून्या च पृथिवी सर्वा बालवृद्धावशेषिता। निरश्वपुरुषेवासीद् रथकुञ्जरवर्जिता॥
śūnyā ca pṛthivī sarvā bālavṛddhāvaśeṣitā| niraśvapuruṣevāsīd rathakuñjaravarjitā||
The whole earth appeared to be empty, having been destitute of men and horses, and of chariots and elephants. Only the children and the old remained (in their houses).
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 4 1.9
यावत्तपति सूर्यो हि जम्बूद्वीपस्य मण्डलम्। तावदेव समायातं बलं पार्थिवसत्तम॥
yāvattapati sūryo hi jambūdvīpasya maṇḍalam| tāvadeva samāyātaṃ balaṃ pārthivasattama||
O foremost of kings, from all parts of Jambudvipa over which the sun shines was collected that great force.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 4 1.10
एकस्थाः सर्ववर्णास्ते मण्डलं बहुयोजनम्। पर्याक्रामन्त देशांश्च नदी: शैलान् वनानि च।॥
ekasthāḥ sarvavarṇāste maṇḍalaṃ bahuyojanam| paryākrāmanta deśāṃśca nadī: śailān vanāni ca|||
Men of all races assembled there, and they occupied an area extending many Yojanas over fields, rivers, hills and woods.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 4 1.11
तेषां युधिष्ठिरो राजा सर्वेषां पुरुषर्षभ। व्यादिदेश सबाह्यानां भक्ष्यभोज्यमनुत्तमम्॥
teṣāṃ yudhiṣṭhiro rājā sarveṣāṃ puruṣarṣabha| vyādideśa sabāhyānāṃ bhakṣyabhojyamanuttamam||
That foremost of men, king Yudhishthira ordered to be supplied to them in excellent edibles and other things of enjoyment.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 4 1.12
शय्याश्च विविधास्तात तेषां रात्रौ युधिष्ठिरः। एवंवेदी वेदितव्यः पाण्डवेयोऽयमित्युत॥
śayyāśca vividhāstāta teṣāṃ rātrau yudhiṣṭhiraḥ| evaṃvedī veditavyaḥ pāṇḍaveyo'yamityuta||
Yudhishthira fixed various appellation so that by uttering them they might be known to others that they belong to the Pandava force.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 4 1.13
अभिज्ञानानि सर्वेषां संज्ञाश्चाभरणानि च। योजयामास कौरव्यो युद्धकाल उपस्थिते॥
abhijñānāni sarveṣāṃ saṃjñāścābharaṇāni ca| yojayāmāsa kauravyo yuddhakāla upasthite||
That Kuru prince also fixed names and emblems for all of them, so that they might be recognised at the time of battle.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 4 1.14
दृष्ट्वा ध्वजाग्रं पार्थस्य धार्तराष्ट्रो महामनाः। सह सर्वैर्महीपालैः प्रत्यव्यूहत पाण्डवम्॥ पाण्डुरेणातपत्रेण ध्रियमाणेन मूर्धनि। मध्ये नागसहस्रस्य भ्रातृभिः परिवारितः॥
dṛṣṭvā dhvajāgraṃ pārthasya dhārtarāṣṭro mahāmanāḥ| saha sarvairmahīpālaiḥ pratyavyūhata pāṇḍavam|| pāṇḍureṇātapatreṇa dhriyamāṇena mūrdhani| madhye nāgasahasrasya bhrātṛbhiḥ parivāritaḥ||
Seeing (from a distance) the top of the flatstaff of Pritha's son, the illustrious son of Dhritarashtra with a white umbrella held over his head stood surrounded by his one hundred brothers in the midst of a thousand elephants and began with all the kings to array his troops against the Pandavas.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 4 1.15
दृष्ट्वा दुर्योधनं हृष्टाः पञ्चाला युद्धनन्दिनः। दध्मुः प्रीता महाशवान् भेर्यश्च मधुरस्वनाः॥
dṛṣṭvā duryodhanaṃ hṛṣṭāḥ pañcālā yuddhanandinaḥ| dadhmuḥ prītā mahāśavān bheryaśca madhurasvanāḥ||
Seeing the Duryodhana, the Panchalas, who ever liked fighting, were filled with delight, They blew their loud-sounding conchs and sweet sounding cymbals.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 4 1.16
ततः प्रहृष्टां तां सेनामभिवीक्ष्याथ पाण्डवाः। बभूवुर्हष्टमनसो वासुदेवश्च वीर्यवान्॥
tataḥ prahṛṣṭāṃ tāṃ senāmabhivīkṣyātha pāṇḍavāḥ| babhūvurhaṣṭamanaso vāsudevaśca vīryavān||
Seeing the (Panchala) troops in great delight, the Pandavas and the greatly effulgent Vasudeva (Krishna) were filled with joy.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 4 1.17
ततो हर्ष समागम्य वासुदेवधनंजयौ। दध्मतुः पुरुषव्याघ्रौ दिव्यौ शङ्खौ रथे स्थितौ॥
tato harṣa samāgamya vāsudevadhanaṃjayau| dadhmatuḥ puruṣavyāghrau divyau śaṅkhau rathe sthitau||
Those lion of men, Vasudeva and Arjuna who were seated on one car felt the greatest joy and both blew their celestial conchs.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 4 1.18
पाञ्चजन्यस्य निर्घोषं देवदत्तस्य चोभयोः। श्रुत्वा तु निनदं योधाः शकृन्मूत्रं प्रसुस्रुवुः॥
pāñcajanyasya nirghoṣaṃ devadattasya cobhayoḥ| śrutvā tu ninadaṃ yodhāḥ śakṛnmūtraṃ prasusruvuḥ||
Having heard the loud sound of the conchs of those two heroes, the soldiers passed urine and excrete.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 4 1.19
यथा सिंहस्य नदतः स्वनं श्रुत्वेतरे मृगाः। त्रसेयुर्निनदं श्रुत्वा तथाऽसीदत तद्बलम्॥
yathā siṃhasya nadataḥ svanaṃ śrutvetare mṛgāḥ| traseyurninadaṃ śrutvā tathā'sīdata tadbalam||
As animals are afflicted with fear in hearing the voice of the roaring lion, so were that force on hearing those sounds.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 4 1.20
उदतिष्ठद् रजो भौमं न प्राज्ञायत किंचन। अस्तगत इवादित्ये सैन्येन सहसाऽऽवृते॥
udatiṣṭhad rajo bhaumaṃ na prājñāyata kiṃcana| astagata ivāditye sainyena sahasā''vṛte||
A fearful dust arose and every thing became invisible. The sun, becoming suddenly shrouded by it appeared as if it had set.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 4 1.21
ववर्ष तत्र पर्जन्यो मांसशोणितवृष्टिमान्। दिक्षु सर्वाणि सैन्यानि तदद्भुतमिवाभवत्॥
vavarṣa tatra parjanyo māṃsaśoṇitavṛṣṭimān| dikṣu sarvāṇi sainyāni tadadbhutamivābhavat||
A black clouds of flesh and blood showered a down pour over that vast assemblage of troops. Every thing appeared to be wonderful.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 4 1.22
वायुस्ततः प्रादुरभून्नीचैः शर्करकर्षणः। विनिस्तान्यनीकानि शतशोऽथ सहस्रशः॥
vāyustataḥ prādurabhūnnīcaiḥ śarkarakarṣaṇaḥ| vinistānyanīkāni śataśo'tha sahasraśaḥ||
A fearful wind blow carrying over the earth innumerable stones and afflicting thousands and thousands of soldiers.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 4 1.23
उभे सैन्ये च राजेन्द्र युद्धाय मुदिते भृशम्। कुरुक्षेत्रे स्थिते यत्ते सागरक्षुभितोपमे॥
ubhe sainye ca rājendra yuddhāya mudite bhṛśam| kurukṣetre sthite yatte sāgarakṣubhitopame||
O king, both armies stood for battle in the field of Kurukshetra like two agitated oceans.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 4 1.24
तयोस्तु सेनयोरासीदद्भुतः स तु संगमः। युगान्ते समनुप्राप्ते द्वयोः सागरयोरिव॥
tayostu senayorāsīdadbhutaḥ sa tu saṃgamaḥ| yugānte samanuprāpte dvayoḥ sāgarayoriva||
That great battle of the two enemies was exceedingly wonderful, like two oceans at the end of the Yuga.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 4 1.25
शून्याऽऽसीत् पृथिवी सर्वा वृद्धबालावशेषिता। निरश्वपुरुषेवासीद् रथकुञ्जरवर्जिता॥
śūnyā''sīt pṛthivī sarvā vṛddhabālāvaśeṣitā| niraśvapuruṣevāsīd rathakuñjaravarjitā||
The whole earth was empty for only the children and the old remained in their houses, others having joined the Kuru armies.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 4 1.26
तेन सेनासमूहेन समानीतेन कौरवैः। ततस्ते समयं चक्रुः कुरुपाण्डवसोमकाः॥
tena senāsamūhena samānītena kauravaiḥ| tataste samayaṃ cakruḥ kurupāṇḍavasomakāḥ||
O best of the Bharata race, then the Kurus, the Pandavas and the Somakas made certain agreements and settled some rules regarding the different kinds of fight.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 4 1.27
धर्मान् संस्थापयामासुर्युद्धानां भरतर्षभ। निवृत्ते विहिते युद्धे स्यात् प्रीतिर्नः परस्परम्॥
dharmān saṃsthāpayāmāsuryuddhānāṃ bharatarṣabha| nivṛtte vihite yuddhe syāt prītirnaḥ parasparam||
(Such as) men equally situated should only fight with one another with all fairness. If having fought with fairness, the combatants withdraw, that would be preferred.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 4 1.28
यथापरं यथायोगं न च स्यात् कस्यचित् पुनः। वाचा युद्धप्रवृत्तानां वाचैव प्रतियोधनम्। निष्क्रान्ताः पृतनामध्यान्न हन्तव्याः कदाचन॥
yathāparaṃ yathāyogaṃ na ca syāt kasyacit punaḥ| vācā yuddhapravṛttānāṃ vācaiva pratiyodhanam| niṣkrāntāḥ pṛtanāmadhyānna hantavyāḥ kadācana||
Those who engaged in a battle of words should be fought against with only words. those that left the fight should never be killed.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 4 1.29
रथी च रथिना योध्यो गजेन गजधूर्गतः। अश्वेनाश्री पदातिश्च पादातेनैव भारत॥
rathī ca rathinā yodhyo gajena gajadhūrgataḥ| aśvenāśrī padātiśca pādātenaiva bhārata||
A car-warrior should fight only with a car warrior. He who rode on an elephant should fight only with another such combatant. O descendant of Bharata, a horse man must fight with a horse man and a foot-soldier with a footsoldier.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 4 1.30
यथायोगं यथाकामं यथोत्साहं यथाबलम्। समाभाष्य प्रहर्तव्यं न विश्वस्ते न विह्वले॥
yathāyogaṃ yathākāmaṃ yathotsāhaṃ yathābalam| samābhāṣya prahartavyaṃ na viśvaste na vihvale||
Always being led by consideration of fitness, willingness, bravery and strength, one should strike another after having challenged him. None should strike another who is confiding or who is panic-stricken.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 4 1.31
एकेन सह संयुक्तः प्रपन्नो विमुखस्तथा। क्षीणशस्त्रो विवर्मा च न हन्तव्यः कदाचन॥
ekena saha saṃyuktaḥ prapanno vimukhastathā| kṣīṇaśastro vivarmā ca na hantavyaḥ kadācana||
One fighting with another, one seeking refuge, one retreating, one whose weapon is broken and one who is not clad in armour should never be struck.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 4 1.32
न सूतेषु न धुर्येषु न च शस्त्रोपनायिषु। न भेरीशङ्खवादेषु प्रहर्तव्यं कथंचन॥
na sūteṣu na dhuryeṣu na ca śastropanāyiṣu| na bherīśaṅkhavādeṣu prahartavyaṃ kathaṃcana||
Charioteers, animals, men engaged in carrying weapons, those who play on drums and those who blow conchs should never be smitten.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 4 1.33
एवं ते समयं कृत्वा कुरुपाण्डवसोमकाः। विस्मयं परमं जग्मुः प्रेक्षमाणाः परस्परम्॥
evaṃ te samayaṃ kṛtvā kurupāṇḍavasomakāḥ| vismayaṃ paramaṃ jagmuḥ prekṣamāṇāḥ parasparam||
Having made these agreements, the Kurus, the Pandavas and the Somakas, staring at one another were filled with surprise.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 4 1.34
निविश्य च महात्मानस्ततस्ते पुरुषर्षभाः। हृष्टरूपाः सुमनसो बभूवुः सहसैनिकाः॥
niviśya ca mahātmānastataste puruṣarṣabhāḥ| hṛṣṭarūpāḥ sumanaso babhūvuḥ sahasainikāḥ||
Having thus placed their troops those foremost of men, those illustrious heroes were filled with delight, their appearance indicating joy.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)