Mahabharata — Volume II (Dutt edition) — Chapter 33
MBh 2 33.1
वैशम्पायन उवाच याज्ञसेन्या वचः श्रुत्वा भीमसेनो झमर्षणः। निःश्वसन्नुपसंगम्य क्रुद्धो राजानमब्रवीत्॥
vaiśampāyana uvāca yājñasenyā vacaḥ śrutvā bhīmaseno jhamarṣaṇaḥ| niḥśvasannupasaṃgamya kruddho rājānamabravīt||
Vaishampayana said : Having heard these words of Yajnaseni (Draupadi), Bhimasena came to the king (Yudhishthira). And sighing in wrath, he thus spoke to him.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.2
राज्यस्य पदवीधयां व्रज सत्पुरुषोचिताम्। धर्मकामार्थहीनानां किं नो वस्तुं तपोवने॥
rājyasya padavīdhayāṃ vraja satpuruṣocitām| dharmakāmārthahīnānāṃ kiṃ no vastuṃ tapovane||
Bhima said: O king, walk as regards kingdoms in the customary path trodden by good men. What do you gain by living in the hermitage of the ascetics, thus deprived of Dharma, Artha and Kama?
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.3
नैवधर्मेण तद् राज्यं नार्जवेन न चौजसा। अक्षकूटमधिष्ठाय हृतं दुर्योधनेन वै॥
naivadharmeṇa tad rājyaṃ nārjavena na caujasā| akṣakūṭamadhiṣṭhāya hṛtaṃ duryodhanena vai||
Your kingdom has been robbed by Duryodhana by an unfair gambling at dice and not by virtue or by honesty or by prowess.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.4
गोमायुनेव सिंहानां दुर्बलेन बलीयसाम्। आमिषं विघसाशेन तद्वद् राज्यं हि नो हृतम्॥
gomāyuneva siṃhānāṃ durbalena balīyasām| āmiṣaṃ vighasāśena tadvad rājyaṃ hi no hṛtam||
He has robbed our kingdom like a weak offal-eating jackal that steals the prey from mighty lions.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.5
धर्मलेशप्रतिच्छन्नः प्रभवंधर्मकामयोः। अर्थमुत्सृज्य किं राजन् दुःखेषु परितप्यसे॥
dharmaleśapraticchannaḥ prabhavaṃdharmakāmayoḥ| arthamutsṛjya kiṃ rājan duḥkheṣu paritapyase||
O king, why do you, abandoning the wealth which is the source of both virtue and pleasures and in obedience of the (mere) trifling virtue of keeping one's promise, suffer such afflictions?
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.6
भवतोऽनवधानेन राज्यं नः पश्यतां हृतम्। अहार्यमपि शक्रेण गुप्तं गाण्डीवधन्वना॥
bhavato'navadhānena rājyaṃ naḥ paśyatāṃ hṛtam| ahāryamapi śakreṇa guptaṃ gāṇḍīvadhanvanā||
Our kingdom, protected by the wielder of Gandiva (Arjuna) and incapable of being snatched from us by (even) Shakra (Indra), was robbed from us in our very sight (only) on account of your carelessness.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.7
कुणीनामिव बिल्वानि पशूनामिवधेनवः। हृतमैश्वर्यमस्माकं जीवतां भवतः कृते॥
kuṇīnāmiva bilvāni paśūnāmivadhenavaḥ| hṛtamaiśvaryamasmākaṃ jīvatāṃ bhavataḥ kṛte||
It was for you, that notwithstanding we were alive, our prosperity was wrested from use like a fruit from one who is unable to use his arms or like kine from one who cannot use his legs.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.8
भवत: प्रियमित्येवं महद् व्यसनमीदृशम्। धर्मकामे प्रतीतस्य प्रतिपन्नाः स्म भारत॥
bhavata: priyamityevaṃ mahad vyasanamīdṛśam| dharmakāme pratītasya pratipannāḥ sma bhārata||
O descendant of Bharata, you are firin in the desire of acquiring virtue. It was to please you that we suffered ourselves to be overwhelmed with such calamities.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.9
कर्शयामः स्वमित्राणि नन्दयामश्च शात्रवान्। आत्मानं भवतां शास्त्रैर्नियम्य भरतर्षभ।॥
karśayāmaḥ svamitrāṇi nandayāmaśca śātravān| ātmānaṃ bhavatāṃ śāstrairniyamya bharatarṣabha|||
O best of the Bharata race, it was because we are at your command that we are giving pain to our friends and joy to our enemies.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.10
यद् वयं न तदैवैतान्धार्तराष्ट्रान् निहन्महि। भवतः शास्त्रमादाय तन्नस्तपति दुष्कृतम्॥
yad vayaṃ na tadaivaitāndhārtarāṣṭrān nihanmahi| bhavataḥ śāstramādāya tannastapati duṣkṛtam||
It was on our part an act of folly which gives me great pain that we did not, obeying your command, kill the sons of Dhritarashtra then and there.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.11
अथैनामन्ववेक्षस्व मृगचर्यामिवात्मनः। दुर्बलाचरितां राजन् न बलस्थैनिषेविताम्॥
athaināmanvavekṣasva mṛgacaryāmivātmanaḥ| durbalācaritāṃ rājan na balasthainiṣevitām||
O king, this your living in the forest like an wild animal is an act which only a weak man alone would submit to.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.12
यां न कृष्णो न बीभत्सु भिमन्युर्न संजयाः। न चाहमभिनन्दामि न च माद्रीसुतावुभौ॥
yāṃ na kṛṣṇo na bībhatsu bhimanyurna saṃjayāḥ| na cāhamabhinandāmi na ca mādrīsutāvubhau||
Your this act is approved of neither by Krishna, nor by Vivatsu (Arjuna), nor by Abhimanyu, nor by the Srinjayas, nor by myself, nor by the sons of Madri.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.13
भवान्धर्मोधर्म इति सततं व्रतकर्शितः। कच्चिद् राजन् न निर्वेदादापन्नः क्लीबजीविकाम्।।
bhavāndharmodharma iti satataṃ vratakarśitaḥ| kaccid rājan na nirvedādāpannaḥ klībajīvikām||
Afflicted with your vow you always cry, "Virtue, virtue."O king, have you from despair become a man of no manliness?
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.14
दुर्मनुष्या हि निर्वेदमफलं स्वार्थघातकम्। अशक्ताः श्रियमाहर्तुमात्मनः कुर्वते प्रियम्॥
durmanuṣyā hi nirvedamaphalaṃ svārthaghātakam| aśaktāḥ śriyamāhartumātmanaḥ kurvate priyam||
Cowards only, being unable to win back their prosperity, cherish despair which is fruitless and destructive of one's own purpose.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.15
स भवान् दृष्टिमाञ्छक्तः पश्यन्नस्मासु पौरुषम्। आनृशंस्यपरो राजन् नानर्थमवबुध्यसे॥
sa bhavān dṛṣṭimāñchaktaḥ paśyannasmāsu pauruṣam| ānṛśaṃsyaparo rājan nānarthamavabudhyase||
You have ability and cyes. You see that we possess manliness. O king, it is because you have adopted a peaceful life that you do not feel (the pain of) this distress.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.16
अस्मानमीधार्तराष्ट्राः क्षममाणानलं सतः। अशक्तानिव मन्यन्ते तद् दुःखं नाहवे वधः॥
asmānamīdhārtarāṣṭrāḥ kṣamamāṇānalaṃ sataḥ| aśaktāniva manyante tad duḥkhaṃ nāhave vadhaḥ||
The sons of Dhritarashtra consider us, who are only forgiving, as men really incompetent and weak. O king, this gives me more pain than death in battle would have given me.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.17
तत्र चेद् युध्यमानानामजिह्ममनिवर्तिनाम्। सर्वशो हि वधः श्रेयान् प्रेत्य लोकान् लभेमहि॥
tatra ced yudhyamānānāmajihmamanivartinām| sarvaśo hi vadhaḥ śreyān pretya lokān labhemahi||
If we all die in a fair fight without turning our backs on our foes, even that would be better than this exile, for we shall then obtain regions of bliss.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.18
अथवा वयमेवैतान् निहत्य भरतर्षभ। आददीमहि गां सर्वां तथापि श्रेय एव नः॥
athavā vayamevaitān nihatya bharatarṣabha| ādadīmahi gāṃ sarvāṃ tathāpi śreya eva naḥ||
O best of the Bharata race, on the other hand if we become the ruler of the whole earth by killing them, that would be doing us a great good.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.19
सर्वथा कार्यमेतन्नः स्वधर्मनुतिष्ठताम्। काक्षतां विपुलां कीर्तिं वैरं प्रतिचिकीर्षताम्॥
sarvathā kāryametannaḥ svadharmanutiṣṭhatām| kākṣatāṃ vipulāṃ kīrtiṃ vairaṃ praticikīrṣatām||
This is our bounded duty, we who ever adhere to the duties of our own order, who are ever desirous of great achievements and who wish to take revenge on our enemies.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.20
आत्मार्थं युध्यमानानां विदिते कृत्यलक्षणे। अन्यैरपि हृते राज्ये प्रशंसैव न गर्हणा॥
ātmārthaṃ yudhyamānānāṃ vidite kṛtyalakṣaṇe| anyairapi hṛte rājye praśaṃsaiva na garhaṇā||
Our kingdom having been robbed from us, if we (under the circumstances) engage in a war, our that act, when it well be known in the world, will bring praise and no condemnation.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.21
कर्शनार्थो हि योधर्मो मित्राणामात्मनस्तथा। व्यसनं नाम तद् राजन् नधर्मः स कुधर्म तत्॥
karśanārtho hi yodharmo mitrāṇāmātmanastathā| vyasanaṃ nāma tad rājan nadharmaḥ sa kudharma tat||
O king, the virtue, that produces affliction on one's ownself and on one's own friends, is no virtue, at all. It is vice that produces calamities.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.22
सर्वथाधर्मनित्यं तु पुरुषंधर्मदुर्बलम्। त्यजतस्तात्धर्मार्थों प्रेतं दुःखसुखे यथा॥
sarvathādharmanityaṃ tu puruṣaṃdharmadurbalam| tyajatastātdharmārthoṃ pretaṃ duḥkhasukhe yathā||
O sire, virtue is sometimes (the indirect cause of) the weakness of men. Dharina and Artha forsake such men, as pain and pleasure forsake a dead man.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.23
यस्यधर्मो हिधर्मार्थं क्लेशभाङ् न स पण्डितः। न सधर्मस्य वेदार्थं सूर्यस्यान्धः प्रभामिव॥
yasyadharmo hidharmārthaṃ kleśabhāṅ na sa paṇḍitaḥ| na sadharmasya vedārthaṃ sūryasyāndhaḥ prabhāmiva||
He who practices virtue only for the sake of virtue always suffers afflictions. He can never be called a wise man. He cannot know the (real) purpose of virtue, as a blind man is incapable of seeing the light of the sun.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.24
यस्य चार्थार्थमेवार्थः स च नार्थस्य कोविदः। रक्षेत भृतकोऽरण्ये यथा गास्तादृगेव सः॥
yasya cārthārthamevārthaḥ sa ca nārthasya kovidaḥ| rakṣeta bhṛtako'raṇye yathā gāstādṛgeva saḥ||
He who considers that his wealth exists for himself alone does not at all understand the purpose of wealth. He is like the servant tending kine in the forest.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.25
अतिबेलं हि योऽर्थार्थी नेतरावनुतिष्ठति। स वध्यः सर्वभूतानां ब्रह्महेव जुगुप्सितः॥
atibelaṃ hi yo'rthārthī netarāvanutiṣṭhati| sa vadhyaḥ sarvabhūtānāṃ brahmaheva jugupsitaḥ||
He, again, who pursues Artha (profit or wealth) too much without pursuing Dharma (virtue) and Kama (pleasure) deserves to be censured and killed by all creatures.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.26
सततं यश्च कामार्थी नेतरावनुतिष्ठति। मित्राणि तस्य नश्यन्तिधर्मार्थाभ्यां च हीयते॥
satataṃ yaśca kāmārthī netarāvanutiṣṭhati| mitrāṇi tasya naśyantidharmārthābhyāṃ ca hīyate||
He who always pursues Kama without pursuing Dharma and Artha loses his friends and also loses virtue and profit.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.27
तस्यधर्मार्थहीनस्य कामान्ते निधनंध्रुवम्। कामतो रममाणस्य मीनस्येवाम्भसः क्षये॥
tasyadharmārthahīnasya kāmānte nidhanaṃdhruvam| kāmato ramamāṇasya mīnasyevāmbhasaḥ kṣaye||
Such a man, indulging in pleasure at will becoming destitute of virtue and profit, meets with certain death at the expiration of the period of enjoyment, as the fish dies when the water is dried up.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.28
तस्माद्धर्मार्थयोर्नित्यं न प्रमाद्यन्ति पण्डिताः। प्रकृतिः सा हि कामस्य पावकस्यारणिर्यथा॥
tasmāddharmārthayornityaṃ na pramādyanti paṇḍitāḥ| prakṛtiḥ sā hi kāmasya pāvakasyāraṇiryathā||
It is for this, those that are wise always pursue both virtue and profit, for the union of virtue and profit is the essential requisite of pleasure, as wood is of fire.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.29
सर्वथाधर्ममूलोऽर्थोधर्मश्चार्थपरिग्रहः। इतरेतरयो तौ विद्धि मेघोदधी यथा॥
sarvathādharmamūlo'rthodharmaścārthaparigrahaḥ| itaretarayo tau viddhi meghodadhī yathā||
Pleasure has always virtue for its root and virtue is always united with pleasure. Know that both are dependent on one another, as the ocean and the clouds (depend on each other).
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.30
द्रव्यार्थस्पर्शसंयोगे या प्रीतिरुपजायते। स कामश्चित्तसंकल्पः शरीरं नास्य दृश्यते॥
dravyārthasparśasaṃyoge yā prītirupajāyate| sa kāmaścittasaṃkalpaḥ śarīraṃ nāsya dṛśyate||
The sensation that one feels in consequence of the contact with the objects of touch or in consequence of the possession of wealth is called pleasure. It exists in the mind and has no corporeal existence.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.31
अर्थार्थी पुरुषो राजन् बृहन्तंधर्ममिच्छति। अर्थमिच्छति कामार्थी न कामादन्यमिच्छति॥
arthārthī puruṣo rājan bṛhantaṃdharmamicchati| arthamicchati kāmārthī na kāmādanyamicchati||
O king, he that wishes to have Artha should seek a large share of virtue. Those that wish Karma should seek (also) Artha, but Kama does not yield any thing in return.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.32
न हि कामेन कामोऽन्यः साध्यते फलमेव तत्। उपयोगात् फलस्यैव काष्ठाद् भस्मेव पण्डितैः॥
na hi kāmena kāmo'nyaḥ sādhyate phalameva tat| upayogāt phalasyaiva kāṣṭhād bhasmeva paṇḍitaiḥ||
Pleasure brings its own fruit; it cannot lead to another (pleasure). Ashes may be had from wood, but nothing could be had from ashes.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.33
इमाञ्छकुनकान् राजन् हन्ति वैतंसिको यथा। एतद् रूपमधर्मस्य भूतेषु हि विहिंसता॥ कामाल्लोभाच्चधर्मस्य प्रकृति यो न पश्यति। स बध्यः सर्वभूतानां प्रेत्य चेह च दुर्मतिः॥
imāñchakunakān rājan hanti vaitaṃsiko yathā| etad rūpamadharmasya bhūteṣu hi vihiṃsatā|| kāmāllobhāccadharmasya prakṛti yo na paśyati| sa badhyaḥ sarvabhūtānāṃ pretya ceha ca durmatiḥ||
O king, as a fowler kills the birds, so does sin kill all the creatures of the world. He who, being misled by pleasure and covetousness, does not understand the nature of virtue, deserves to be killed by all. He becomes a wretch here and hereafter (after death).
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.34
व्यक्तं ते विदितो राजत्रों द्रव्यपरिग्रहः। प्रकृतिं चापि वेत्थास्य विकृतिं चापि भूयसीम्॥
vyaktaṃ te vidito rājatroṃ dravyaparigrahaḥ| prakṛtiṃ cāpi vetthāsya vikṛtiṃ cāpi bhūyasīm||
O king, it is evident that you know that pleasure is to be derived from virtuous objects of enjoyments. You also know (what) their ordinary states as well as their great changes (are).
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.35
तस्य नाशे विनाशे वा जरया मरणेन वा। अनर्थ इति मन्यन्ते सोऽयमस्मासु वर्तते॥
tasya nāśe vināśe vā jarayā maraṇena vā| anartha iti manyante so'yamasmāsu vartate||
From their (objects of enjoyment's) loss, destruction, decrepitude and death, arises what is called affliction. That affliction has overtaken us.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.36
इन्द्रियाणां च पञ्चानां मनसो हृदयस्य च। विषये वर्तमानानां या प्रीतिरुपजायते॥ स काम इति मे बुद्धिः कर्मणां फलमुत्तमम्।
indriyāṇāṃ ca pañcānāṃ manaso hṛdayasya ca| viṣaye vartamānānāṃ yā prītirupajāyate|| sa kāma iti me buddhiḥ karmaṇāṃ phalamuttamam|
The pleasure that is produce by the five senses, by the mind and by the heart being directed to the objects proper to each, is in my opinion, one of the best fruits of our actions.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.37
एवमेव पृथग् दृष्ट्वाधर्मार्थो काममेव च।॥ नधर्मपर एव स्यान्न चार्थपरमो नरः। न कामपरमो वा स्यात् सर्वान् सेवेत सर्वदा॥ धर्म पूर्वेधनं मध्ये जघन्ये काममाचरेत्। अहन्यनुचरेदेवमेष शास्त्रकृतो विधिः॥
evameva pṛthag dṛṣṭvādharmārtho kāmameva ca||| nadharmapara eva syānna cārthaparamo naraḥ| na kāmaparamo vā syāt sarvān seveta sarvadā|| dharma pūrvedhanaṃ madhye jaghanye kāmamācaret| ahanyanucaredevameṣa śāstrakṛto vidhiḥ||
Thus Dharma, Artha and Kama should be taken into one's consideration one after the other. One should not pursue virtue alone. No man should consider profit or pleasure as the highest object of his desire. All the three should always be (equally) pursued. The Shastras ordain that one should pursue virtue in the morning, profit at noon and pleasure in the evening.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.38
काम पूर्वेधनं मध्ये जघन्येधर्ममाचरेत्। वयस्यनुचरेदेवमेष शास्त्रकृतो विधिः॥
kāma pūrvedhanaṃ madhye jaghanyedharmamācaret| vayasyanucaredevameṣa śāstrakṛto vidhiḥ||
The Shastras ordain that one should pursue pleasure in the first, profit in the second and virtue in the last portion of his life.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.39
धर्मं चार्थं च कामं च यथावद् वदतां वर। विभज्य काले कालज्ञः सर्वान् सेवेत पण्डितः॥
dharmaṃ cārthaṃ ca kāmaṃ ca yathāvad vadatāṃ vara| vibhajya kāle kālajñaḥ sarvān seveta paṇḍitaḥ||
O foremost of eloquent men, those that are learned and fully conversant with the proper divisions of time, dividing their time properly, pursue all three, Dharma Artha and Kama.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.40
मोक्षो वा परमं श्रेय एष राजान् सुखार्थिनाम्। प्राप्तिर्वा बुद्धिमास्थाय सोपायां कुरुनन्दन॥ तद् वाऽऽशु क्रियतां राजन् प्राप्तिर्वाप्यधिगम्यताम्। जीवितं ह्यातुरस्येव दुःखमन्तरवर्तिनः॥
mokṣo vā paramaṃ śreya eṣa rājān sukhārthinām| prāptirvā buddhimāsthāya sopāyāṃ kurunandana|| tad vā''śu kriyatāṃ rājan prāptirvāpyadhigamyatām| jīvitaṃ hyāturasyeva duḥkhamantaravartinaḥ||
O king, O descendant of Kuru, whether freedom from all these three (Dharma, Artha and Kama) or possession of them is the better course for those that desire happiness, should be settled by you after careful thought. O king, you should then without the least hesitation act either to achieve them or to abandon them, for he who lives wavering between the two becomes most miserable.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.41
विदितश्चैव मेधर्मः सततं चरितश्च ते। जानन्तस्त्वयि शसन्ति सुहृदः कर्मचोदनाम्॥
viditaścaiva medharmaḥ satataṃ caritaśca te| jānantastvayi śasanti suhṛdaḥ karmacodanām||
It is well that your conduct is ever regulated by virtue. Knowing this, your sensible friends advise you to act (thus).
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.42
दानं यज्ञाः सतां पूजा वेदधारणमार्जवम्। एषधर्मः परो राजन् बलवान् प्रेत्य चेह च॥
dānaṃ yajñāḥ satāṃ pūjā vedadhāraṇamārjavam| eṣadharmaḥ paro rājan balavān pretya ceha ca||
O king, gift, sacrifice, adoration to the honest, study of the Vedas and honesty, these are the highest virtues strong both here and hereafter.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.43
एष नार्थविहीनेन शक्यो राजन् निषेवितुम्। अखिलाः पुरुषव्याघ्र गुणाः स्युर्यद्यपीतरे॥
eṣa nārthavihīnena śakyo rājan niṣevitum| akhilāḥ puruṣavyāghra guṇāḥ syuryadyapītare||
But, O foremost of men, these virtues, cannot be attained by one that has no wealth, even if he possess infinite other accomplishments.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.44
धर्ममूलं जगद् राजन् नान्यद्धर्माद् विशिष्यते। धर्मश्चार्थेन महता शक्यो राजन् निषेवितुम्॥
dharmamūlaṃ jagad rājan nānyaddharmād viśiṣyate| dharmaścārthena mahatā śakyo rājan niṣevitum||
O king, the universe depends on virtue. There is nothing higher than virtue. O king, virtue is attainable (only) by those who possess wealth.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.45
न चार्थो भैक्ष्यचर्येण नापि क्लैब्येन कर्हिचित्। वेत्तुं शक्यः सदा राजन् केवलंधर्मबुद्धिना॥
na cārtho bhaikṣyacaryeṇa nāpi klaibyena karhicit| vettuṃ śakyaḥ sadā rājan kevalaṃdharmabuddhinā||
But wealth cannot be acquired by leading the life of a mendicant nor by bearing a life of weakness. O king, wealth can be earned by virtuous intelligence.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.46
प्रतिषिद्धा हि ते याचा यया सिद्ध्यति वै द्विजः। तेजसैवार्थलिप्सायां यतस्व पुरुषर्षभ॥
pratiṣiddhā hi te yācā yayā siddhyati vai dvijaḥ| tejasaivārthalipsāyāṃ yatasva puruṣarṣabha||
O best of men, in your case, begging, which is a success to the Brahmanas, has been forbidden. Therefore try to acquire wealth by prowess and energy.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.47
भैक्ष्यचर्या न विहिता न च विट्शूद्रजीविका। क्षत्रियस्य विशेषेणधर्मस्तु बलमौरसम्॥
bhaikṣyacaryā na vihitā na ca viṭśūdrajīvikā| kṣatriyasya viśeṣeṇadharmastu balamaurasam||
It is not proper for you to lead a life of mendicancy or the life of Shudra. Prowess and energy constitute the special virtue of the Kshatriya.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.48
स्वधर्म प्रतिपद्यस्व जहि शत्रून् समागतान्। धार्तराष्ट्रवनं पार्थ मया पार्थेन नाशय॥
svadharma pratipadyasva jahi śatrūn samāgatān| dhārtarāṣṭravanaṃ pārtha mayā pārthena nāśaya||
Therefore, O son of Pritha, perform the duty of your own (order) and destroy the enemies. Destroy the prowess of the sons of Dhritarashtra with my help and with that of Partha (Arjuna).
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.49
उदारमेव विद्वांसोधर्मं प्राहुर्मनीषिणः। उदारं प्रतिपद्यस्व नावरे स्थातुमर्हसि॥
udārameva vidvāṃsodharmaṃ prāhurmanīṣiṇaḥ| udāraṃ pratipadyasva nāvare sthātumarhasi||
The wise and learned man says that prosperity is virtue. Therefore, acquire prosperity, for you ought not to be in frivolity.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.50
अनुबुध्यस्व राजेन्द्र वेत्थधर्मान् सनातनान्। क्रूरकर्माभिजातोऽसि यस्मादुद्विजते जनः॥
anubudhyasva rājendra vetthadharmān sanātanān| krūrakarmābhijāto'si yasmādudvijate janaḥ||
O king of kings, awake and understand the eternal virtues (of one's own order). You belong by birth to an order the acts of which are cruel and are the sources of pain to others.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.51
प्रजापालनसम्भूतं फलं तव न गर्हितम्। एष ते विहितो राजन्धानाधर्मः सनातनः॥
prajāpālanasambhūtaṃ phalaṃ tava na garhitam| eṣa te vihito rājandhānādharmaḥ sanātanaḥ||
O king, cherish your subjects and reap the fruits (of that good act) that can never be wrong. This is the eternal duty ordained (for us the Kshatriyas) by the Creator himself.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.52
तस्मादपचितः पार्थ लोके हास्यं गमिष्यसि। स्वधर्माद्धि मनुष्याणां चलनं न प्रशस्यते॥
tasmādapacitaḥ pārtha loke hāsyaṃ gamiṣyasi| svadharmāddhi manuṣyāṇāṃ calanaṃ na praśasyate||
O son of Pritha, if you fall off from it, you will be the laughing stock (of all men). Deviation from the duties of one's own (order) is never praised.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.53
स क्षात्रं हृदयं कृत्वा त्यक्तवेदं शिथिलं मनः। वीर्यमास्थाय कौरव्यधुरमुबहधुर्यवत्॥
sa kṣātraṃ hṛdayaṃ kṛtvā tyaktavedaṃ śithilaṃ manaḥ| vīryamāsthāya kauravyadhuramubahadhuryavat||
O descendant of Kuru, therefore, making your heart as the order in which you belong requires it and abandoning this your course of weakness, summon prowess an bear your weight (of duty) like one that bears it manfully.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.54
न हि केवलधर्मात्मा पृथिवीं जातु कश्चन। पार्थिवो व्यजयद् राजन् न भूतिं न पुनः श्रियम्॥
na hi kevaladharmātmā pṛthivīṃ jātu kaścana| pārthivo vyajayad rājan na bhūtiṃ na punaḥ śriyam||
O king, no monarch can acquire the sovereignty of earth or prosperity or affluence by means of being only virtuous-minded.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.55
जिह्वां दत्त्वा बहूनां हि क्षुद्राणां लुब्धचेतसाम्। निकृत्या लभते राज्यमाहारमिव शल्यकः॥
jihvāṃ dattvā bahūnāṃ hi kṣudrāṇāṃ lubdhacetasām| nikṛtyā labhate rājyamāhāramiva śalyakaḥ||
As a fowler catches a flock of very easilytempled games by offering them some attractive food, so does an intelligent man acquire a kingdom by offering bribes to his enemy's men and covetous enemies.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.56
भ्रातरः पूर्वजाताश्च सुसमृद्धाश्च सर्वशः। निकृत्या निर्जिता देवैरसुराः पार्थिवर्षभ॥
bhrātaraḥ pūrvajātāśca susamṛddhāśca sarvaśaḥ| nikṛtyā nirjitā devairasurāḥ pārthivarṣabha||
O foremost of monarchs, the Asuras, though they were elder brothers of the Devas and though they in affluence were, vanquished by the Devas by mean of Stratagem.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.57
एवं बलवतः सर्वमिति बुद्ध्वा महीपते। जहि शत्रून् महाबाहो परां निकृतिमास्थितः॥
evaṃ balavataḥ sarvamiti buddhvā mahīpate| jahi śatrūn mahābāho parāṃ nikṛtimāsthitaḥ||
O mighty armed hero, O ruler of the world, thus everything belongs to those that possess might. Destroy enemy by means of stratagem.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.58
न ह्यर्जुनसमः कश्चिद् युधि योद्धाधनुर्धरः। भविता वा पुमान् कश्चिन्मत्समो वा गदाधरः॥
na hyarjunasamaḥ kaścid yudhi yoddhādhanurdharaḥ| bhavitā vā pumān kaścinmatsamo vā gadādharaḥ||
There is none equal to Arjuna in wielding the bow in battle. There is none equal to me in wielding the mace.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.59
सत्त्वेन कुरुते युद्धं राजन् सुबलवानपि। अप्रमादी महोत्साही सत्त्वस्थो भव पाण्डव॥
sattvena kurute yuddhaṃ rājan subalavānapi| apramādī mahotsāhī sattvastho bhava pāṇḍava||
O king, men of prowess engage in battle depending on their prowess alone and not on the strength of numbers and not on information of the enemy' plan through spies. O son of Pandu, therefore exert your prowess. were
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.60
ते सत्त्वं हि मूलमर्थस्य वितथं यदतोऽन्यथा। न तु प्रसक्तं भवति वृक्षच्छायेव हैमनी॥
te sattvaṃ hi mūlamarthasya vitathaṃ yadato'nyathā| na tu prasaktaṃ bhavati vṛkṣacchāyeva haimanī||
Prowess is the root of wealth; whatever else is called its root is not so. As the shade of the tree in winter is useless, so is everything fruitless without prowess.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.61
अर्थत्यागोऽपि कार्यः स्यादर्थं श्रेयांसमिच्छता। बीजौपम्येन कौन्तेय मा भूदन्न संशयः॥
arthatyāgo'pi kāryaḥ syādarthaṃ śreyāṃsamicchatā| bījaupamyena kaunteya mā bhūdanna saṃśayaḥ||
O son of Kunti, wealth should be spent in the way that seeds are scattered on the ground by one who wishes to increase it. Let there be no doubt (about it) in your mind.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.62
अर्थेन तु समो नार्थो यत्र लभ्येत नोदयः। न तत्र विपणः कार्यः खरकण्डूयनं हि तत्॥
arthena tu samo nārtho yatra labhyeta nodayaḥ| na tatra vipaṇaḥ kāryaḥ kharakaṇḍūyanaṃ hi tat||
But where wealth is more than sufficient, there should be no expenditure of wealth. In such cases investment of wealth is like the scratching of an ass, which is first pleasurable and then painful.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.63
एवमेव मनुष्येन्द्रधर्मं त्यक्त्वाल्पकं नरः। बृहन्तंधर्ममाप्नोति स बुद्ध इति निश्चितम्॥
evameva manuṣyendradharmaṃ tyaktvālpakaṃ naraḥ| bṛhantaṃdharmamāpnoti sa buddha iti niścitam||
O king of men, a man, who in order to earn a greater measure of virtue casts away like seeds the little virtue that he is sticking to, is certainly considered to be wise.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.64
अमित्रं मित्रसम्पन्नं मित्रैर्भिन्दन्ति पण्डिताः। भिन्नैर्मित्रैः परित्यक्तं दुर्बलं कुर्वते वशम्॥
amitraṃ mitrasampannaṃ mitrairbhindanti paṇḍitāḥ| bhinnairmitraiḥ parityaktaṃ durbalaṃ kurvate vaśam||
Those, that are learned, alienate the friends of the foe that possesses friends. Having thus weakened him by making his friends abandon him, they bring him to subjugation.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.65
सत्त्वेन कुरुते युद्धं राजन् सुबलवानपि। नोद्यमेन न होत्राभिः सर्वाः स्वीकुरुते प्रजाः॥
sattvena kurute yuddhaṃ rājan subalavānapi| nodyamena na hotrābhiḥ sarvāḥ svīkurute prajāḥ||
O king, those that are strong engage in battle by depending on their own courage. They do not conquer people by continued efforts or by the arts of conciliation.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.66
सर्वथा संहतैरेव दुर्बलैर्बलवानपि। अमित्रः शक्यते हन्तुं मधुहा भ्रमरैरिव॥
sarvathā saṃhataireva durbalairbalavānapi| amitraḥ śakyate hantuṃ madhuhā bhramarairiva||
O king, sometimes those that are weak kill a powerful enemy by combination, as bees kill the spoiler of their honey by the force of their numbers.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.67
यथा राजन् प्रजाः सर्वाः सूर्यः पति गभस्तिभिः। अत्ति चैव तथैव त्वं सदृशः सवितुर्भव॥
yathā rājan prajāḥ sarvāḥ sūryaḥ pati gabhastibhiḥ| atti caiva tathaiva tvaṃ sadṛśaḥ saviturbhava||
O king, like the sun that sustains as well as destroys all creatures by this rays, you too adopt the ways of the sun.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.68
एतच्चापि तपो राजन् पुराणमिति नः श्रुतम्। विधिना पालनं भूमेर्यत् कृतं न पितामहैः॥
etaccāpi tapo rājan purāṇamiti naḥ śrutam| vidhinā pālanaṃ bhūmeryat kṛtaṃ na pitāmahaiḥ||
O king, it has been heard by us in the Puranas that to protect one's own kingdom and cherish one's own subjects, as was done by our forefathers, is a kind of Tapa (austerities).
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.69
न तथा तपसा राजैल्लोकान् प्राप्नोति क्षत्रियः। यथा सृष्टेन युद्धेन विजयेनेतरेण वा॥
na tathā tapasā rājaillokān prāpnoti kṣatriyaḥ| yathā sṛṣṭena yuddhena vijayenetareṇa vā||
O king, a Kshatriya cannot acquire those regions of blessedness which he can by fair fight, whether (that fight) ends in victory or defeat.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.70
अपेयात् किल भाः सूर्याल्लक्ष्मीश्चन्द्रमसस्तथा। इति लोको व्यवसितो दृष्ट्वेमां भवतो व्यथाम्॥
apeyāt kila bhāḥ sūryāllakṣmīścandramasastathā| iti loko vyavasito dṛṣṭvemāṃ bhavato vyathām||
Seeing your this affliction, (the people of) the world have come to this conclusion that light may (some day) forsake the sun and beauty may (some day) forsake the moon.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.71
भवतश्च प्रशंसाभिर्निन्दाभिरितरस्य च। कथायुक्ताः परिषदः पृथग राजन् समागताः॥
bhavataśca praśaṃsābhirnindābhiritarasya ca| kathāyuktāḥ pariṣadaḥ pṛthaga rājan samāgatāḥ||
O king, the learned men, both separately and assembling together, talk with one another by praising you and blaming the other (Duryodhana).
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.72
इदमभ्यधिकं राजन् ब्राह्मणाः कुरवश्च ते। समेताः कथयन्तीह मुदिताः सत्यसंधताम्॥
idamabhyadhikaṃ rājan brāhmaṇāḥ kuravaśca te| sametāḥ kathayantīha muditāḥ satyasaṃdhatām||
O king, over and above this the Brahmanas and the Kurus assembling together talk cheerfully of your great adherence to truth.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.73
यन्न मोहान्न कार्पण्या लोभान भयादपि। अनृतं किंचिदुक्तं ते न कामानार्थकारणात्॥
yanna mohānna kārpaṇyā lobhāna bhayādapi| anṛtaṃ kiṃciduktaṃ te na kāmānārthakāraṇāt||
They say that you have never from delusion, from meanness, from covetousness, from fear, from desire or from wealth, uttered an untruth.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.74
यदेनः कुरुते किंचिद् राजा भूमिमवाप्नुवन्। सर्वं तन्नुदते पश्चाद् यज्ञैर्विपुलदक्षिणैः॥
yadenaḥ kurute kiṃcid rājā bhūmimavāpnuvan| sarvaṃ tannudate paścād yajñairvipuladakṣiṇaiḥ||
Whatever sin a king commits in acquiring dominions, he consumes it all by means of performing sacrifices in which large Dakshinas are given away.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.75
ब्राह्मणेभ्यो ददद् ग्रामान् गाश्च राजन् सहस्रशः। मुच्यते सर्वपापेभ्यस्तमोभ्य इव चन्द्रमाः॥
brāhmaṇebhyo dadad grāmān gāśca rājan sahasraśaḥ| mucyate sarvapāpebhyastamobhya iva candramāḥ||
O king, as the moon emerges from the clouds, so does a king emerge from all sins by bestowing thousands of villages and kine on the Brahmanas.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.76
पौरजानपदाः सर्वे प्रायशः कुरुनन्दन। सवृद्धबालसहिताः शंसन्ति त्वां युधिष्ठिर॥
paurajānapadāḥ sarve prāyaśaḥ kurunandana| savṛddhabālasahitāḥ śaṃsanti tvāṃ yudhiṣṭhira||
O descendant of Kuru, O Yudhishthira, all the citizens and the inhabitants of the country, both young and old, praise you.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.77
श्वदृतौ क्षीरमासक्तं ब्रह्म वा वृषले यथा। सत्यं स्तेने बलं नार्यो राज्यं दुर्योधने तथा॥
śvadṛtau kṣīramāsaktaṃ brahma vā vṛṣale yathā| satyaṃ stene balaṃ nāryo rājyaṃ duryodhane tathā||
"As milk in a bag made of a boar's hide, as the Vedas in a Shudra, as truth in a robber and as strength in a woman, so is sovereignty in Duryodhana.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.78
इति लोके निर्वचनं पुरश्चरति भारत। अपि चैताः स्त्रियो बाला: स्वाध्यायमधिकुर्वते॥
iti loke nirvacanaṃ puraścarati bhārata| api caitāḥ striyo bālā: svādhyāyamadhikurvate||
Thus talk the people among one another. O descendant of Bharata, even women and children are repeating it, as if it were a lesson they wanted to commit to memory.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.79
इमामवस्थां च गते सहास्माभिररिंदम। हन्त नष्टाः स्म सर्वे वै भवतोपद्रवे सति॥
imāmavasthāṃ ca gate sahāsmābhirariṃdama| hanta naṣṭāḥ sma sarve vai bhavatopadrave sati||
O chastiser of foes, you have fallen into this state along with me. Alas! we too are lost with you on account of your this calamity.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.80
स भवान् रथमास्थाय सर्वोपकरणान्वितम्। त्वरमाणोऽभिनिर्यातु विप्रेभ्योऽर्थविभावकः॥ वाचयित्वा द्विजश्रेष्ठानद्यैव गजसाह्वयम्। अस्त्रविद्भिः परिवृतो भ्रातृभिर्दृढधन्विभिः॥ आशीविषसमैवीरैर्मरुद्भिरिव वृत्रहा। अमित्रांस्तेजसा मृद्गन्नसुरानिव वृत्रहा। श्रियमादत्स्व कौन्तेयधार्तराष्ट्रान् महावल॥
sa bhavān rathamāsthāya sarvopakaraṇānvitam| tvaramāṇo'bhiniryātu viprebhyo'rthavibhāvakaḥ|| vācayitvā dvijaśreṣṭhānadyaiva gajasāhvayam| astravidbhiḥ parivṛto bhrātṛbhirdṛḍhadhanvibhiḥ|| āśīviṣasamaivīrairmarudbhiriva vṛtrahā| amitrāṃstejasā mṛdgannasurāniva vṛtrahā| śriyamādatsva kaunteyadhārtarāṣṭrān mahāvala||
Therefore, ascending on your chariot, furnished with every implement of war and making the chief Brahmanas utter benedictions on you, march at once, even this very day, against Hastinapur, so that you may be able to give to the Brahmanas the spoils of your victory. Surrounded by your brothers, who are all great wielders of bows and by (other) heroes, who are all skilled in weapons and all like virulent snakes, start (at once) like the slayer of Vritra (Indra) surrounded by the Marutas. Destroy with your prowess your weak enemies as the slayer of Vritra (Indra) destroyed the Asuras. O son of Kunti, snatch away from the son of Dhritarashtra (Duryodhana) the prosperity he (now) enjoys.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.81
न हि गाण्डीवमुक्तानां शराणां गार्धवाससाम्। स्पर्शमाशीविषाभानां मर्त्यः कश्चन संसहेत्॥
na hi gāṇḍīvamuktānāṃ śarāṇāṃ gārdhavāsasām| sparśamāśīviṣābhānāṃ martyaḥ kaścana saṃsahet||
There is no mortal who can withstand the touch of the arrows which are equipped with the feathers of vulture and which are like the snakes of virulent poison when these are shot from the Gandiva (bow).
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.82
न स वीरो न मातङ्गो न च सोऽश्वोऽस्ति भारत। यः सहेत गदावेगं मम क्रुद्धस्य संयुगे॥
na sa vīro na mātaṅgo na ca so'śvo'sti bhārata| yaḥ saheta gadāvegaṃ mama kruddhasya saṃyuge||
O descendant of Bharata, there is not a warrior, nor an elephant, nor an horse that can withstand the force of my mace when I am angry in battle.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.83
सृञ्जयैः सह कैकेयैर्वृष्णीनां वृषभेण च। कथंस्विद् युधि कौन्तेय न राज्यं प्राप्नुयामहे॥
sṛñjayaiḥ saha kaikeyairvṛṣṇīnāṃ vṛṣabheṇa ca| kathaṃsvid yudhi kaunteya na rājyaṃ prāpnuyāmahe||
O son of Kunti, why should we not snatch back our kingdom from our foe after fighting a great battle with the help of the Srinjayas the Kaikeyas and the chief of the Vrishnis.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 2 33.84
शत्रुहस्तगतां राजन् कथंस्विन्नाहरेर्महीम्। इह यत्नमुपाहृत्य बलेन महतान्वितः॥
śatruhastagatāṃ rājan kathaṃsvinnāharermahīm| iha yatnamupāhṛtya balena mahatānvitaḥ||
O king, why should we not succeed in Snatching away the (sovereignty of the) earth from the hands of our enemy? Let us but try with the help of a large army.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)