Mahabharata — Volume I (Dutt edition) — Chapter 74
MBh 1 74.1
वैशम्पायन उवाच प्रतिज्ञाय तु दुष्यन्ते प्रतियाते शकुन्तलाम्। गर्भं सुषाव वामोरू: कुमारममितौजसम्॥ त्रिषु वर्षेषु पूर्णेषु दीप्तानलसमद्युतिम्। रूपौदार्यगुणोपेतं दौष्यन्ति जनमेजय॥
vaiśampāyana uvāca pratijñāya tu duṣyante pratiyāte śakuntalām| garbhaṃ suṣāva vāmorū: kumāramamitaujasam|| triṣu varṣeṣu pūrṇeṣu dīptānalasamadyutim| rūpaudāryaguṇopetaṃ dauṣyanti janamejaya||
Vaishampayana said : When Dushyanta went away from the hermitage, making the (above) promises to Shakuntala, she gave birth to a boy of immeasurable energy. When the child grew only three years old, he became in splendour as blazing as the blazing fire. O Janamejaya, he was endued with great beauty, magnanimity and all accomplishments.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.2
जातकर्मादिसंस्कारं कण्वः पुण्यकृतां वरः। विधिवत् कारयामास वर्धमानस्य धीमतः॥
jātakarmādisaṃskāraṃ kaṇvaḥ puṇyakṛtāṃ varaḥ| vidhivat kārayāmāsa vardhamānasya dhīmataḥ||
The best of pious men, Kanvas, performed all the rites ordained by the scriptures on that intelligent boy who began to grow up day by day.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.3
दन्तैः शुकैः शिखरिभिः सिंहसंहननो महान्। चक्राङ्कितकरः श्रीमान् महामूर्धा महाबलः॥
dantaiḥ śukaiḥ śikharibhiḥ siṃhasaṃhanano mahān| cakrāṅkitakaraḥ śrīmān mahāmūrdhā mahābalaḥ||
The boy was gifted with sharp, strong and pearly teeth; he was strong enough to kill lions, he had all auspicious signs on his palms, he had a broad forehead, he was beautiful and strong.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.4
कुमारो देवगर्भाभः स तत्राशु व्यवर्धत। षड्वर्ष एव बालः स कण्वाश्रमपदं प्रति॥ सिंहव्याघ्रान् वराहांश्च महिषांश्च गजांस्तथा। बबन्ध वृक्षे बलवानाश्रमस्य समीपतः॥
kumāro devagarbhābhaḥ sa tatrāśu vyavardhata| ṣaḍvarṣa eva bālaḥ sa kaṇvāśramapadaṃ prati|| siṃhavyāghrān varāhāṃśca mahiṣāṃśca gajāṃstathā| babandha vṛkṣe balavānāśramasya samīpataḥ||
Like a celestial child, he began daily to grow up. When he grew six years old, he was so strong that he seized and bound tigers, boars, buffaloes and elephants to the trees that stood near the hermitage.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.5
आरोहन् दमयंश्चैव क्रीडंश्च परिधावति। ततोऽस्य नाम चक्रुस्ते कण्वाश्रमनिवासिनः॥ अस्त्वयं सर्वदमनः सर्वं हि दमयत्यसौ। स सर्वदमनो नाम कुमारः समपद्यत॥ विक्रमेणौजसा चैव बलेन च समन्वितः।
ārohan damayaṃścaiva krīḍaṃśca paridhāvati| tato'sya nāma cakruste kaṇvāśramanivāsinaḥ|| astvayaṃ sarvadamanaḥ sarvaṃ hi damayatyasau| sa sarvadamano nāma kumāraḥ samapadyata|| vikrameṇaujasā caiva balena ca samanvitaḥ|
He rode on some of these wild beasts; he seized some of them and sometimes he pursued some of them in playful mood. The dwellers of the hermitage of Kanva, (finding all this), gave him a name. (They said,) “As he subjugated all beasts, let him be called Sarvadamana". Thus the prince came to be called Sarvadamana, endued as he was with great strength, energy and powers.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.6
तं कुमारमृषिर्दृष्ट्वा कर्म चास्यातिमानुषम्॥ समयो यौवराज्यायेत्यब्रवीच शकुन्तलाम्।
taṃ kumāramṛṣirdṛṣṭvā karma cāsyātimānuṣam|| samayo yauvarājyāyetyabravīca śakuntalām|
Seeing the extraordinary acts of the boy, the Rishi (Kanva) told Shakuntala that the time had come when he should be installed as the heir-apparent.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.7
तस्य तद् बलमाज्ञाय कण्वः शिष्यानुवाच ह॥ शकुन्तलामिमां शीघ्रं सहपुत्रामितो गृहात्। भर्तुः प्रापयतागारं सर्वलक्षणपूजिताम्॥
tasya tad balamājñāya kaṇvaḥ śiṣyānuvāca ha|| śakuntalāmimāṃ śīghraṃ sahaputrāmito gṛhāt| bhartuḥ prāpayatāgāraṃ sarvalakṣaṇapūjitām||
Seeing the great strength of the boy, Kanva spoke to his disciples thus, "Take Shakuntala with her son from the hermitage to the house of her husband, blessed with all auspicious signs."
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.8
नारीणां चिरवासो हि बान्धवेषु न रोचते। कीर्तिचारित्रधर्मजस्तस्मान्नयत मा चिरम्॥
nārīṇāṃ ciravāso hi bāndhaveṣu na rocate| kīrticāritradharmajastasmānnayata mā ciram||
"It is not fit for women to live for ever in the house of their paternal or maternal relations. Such residence destroys their good name, good conduct and virtue. Therefore, take her to her husband's house without delay."
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.9
तथेत्युक्त्वा तु ते सर्वे प्रातिष्ठन्त महौजसः। शकुन्तलां पुरस्कृत्य दुष्यन्तस्य पुरं प्रति॥
tathetyuktvā tu te sarve prātiṣṭhanta mahaujasaḥ| śakuntalāṃ puraskṛtya duṣyantasya puraṃ prati||
The greatly effulgent disciples (of Kanva), having promised to do it, started with Shakuntala and her son towards the city of Hastinapur.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.10
गृहीत्वामरगर्भाभं पुत्रं कमललोचनम्। आजगाम ततः सुभूर्दुष्यन्तं विदिताद् वनात्॥
gṛhītvāmaragarbhābhaṃ putraṃ kamalalocanam| ājagāma tataḥ subhūrduṣyantaṃ viditād vanāt||
That beauty of fair eye-brows, taking her lotus-eyed son of celestial beauty with her, left the forest where she had first met Dushyanta.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.11
अभिसृत्य च राजानं विदिता च प्रवेशिता। सह तेनैव पुत्रेण बालार्कसमतेजसा॥
abhisṛtya ca rājānaṃ viditā ca praveśitā| saha tenaiva putreṇa bālārkasamatejasā||
Having sent words, she entered the royal court with her son, as effulgent as the morning sun. And she was then introduced to him.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.12
निवेदयित्वा ते सर्वे आश्रमं पुनरागताः। पूजयित्वा यथान्यायमब्रवीच शकुन्तला॥
nivedayitvā te sarve āśramaṃ punarāgatāḥ| pūjayitvā yathānyāyamabravīca śakuntalā||
The disciples of the Rishi, having told the king everything, returned to the hermitage. And Shakuntala, after duly worshipping the
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.13
शकुन्तलोवाच अयं पुत्रस्त्वया राजन् यौवराज्येऽभिषिच्यताम्। त्वया ह्ययं सुतो राजन् मय्युत्पन्नः सुरोपमः। यथासमयमेतस्मिन् वर्तस्व पुरुषोत्तम॥
śakuntalovāca ayaṃ putrastvayā rājan yauvarājye'bhiṣicyatām| tvayā hyayaṃ suto rājan mayyutpannaḥ suropamaḥ| yathāsamayametasmin vartasva puruṣottama||
Shakuntala said : O King, this is your son. Let him be installed as your heir-apparent. O King, this god-like boy was begotten by you on me. O best of men, fulfil now the promise you made of me.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.14
यथा मत्सङ्गमे पूर्वं यः कृतः समयस्त्वया। तं स्मरस्व महाभाग कण्वाश्रमपदं प्रति॥
yathā matsaṅgame pūrvaṃ yaḥ kṛtaḥ samayastvayā| taṃ smarasva mahābhāga kaṇvāśramapadaṃ prati||
O illustrious man, call to your mind the agreement you made with me on the occasion of our marriage at the hermitage of Kanva.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.15
सोऽथ श्रुत्वैव तद् वाक्यं तस्या राजा स्मरन्नपि। अब्रवीन्न स्मरामीति कस्य त्वं दुष्टतापसि॥
so'tha śrutvaiva tad vākyaṃ tasyā rājā smarannapi| abravīnna smarāmīti kasya tvaṃ duṣṭatāpasi||
Having heard her words, the King remembered everything, but he said, “I remember nothing. O wicked ascetic woman, to whom do you belong?"
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.16
धर्मकामार्थसम्बन्धं न स्मरामि त्वया सह। गच्छ वा तिष्ठ वा कामं यद् वापीच्छसि तत् कुरु॥
dharmakāmārthasambandhaṃ na smarāmi tvayā saha| gaccha vā tiṣṭha vā kāmaṃ yad vāpīcchasi tat kuru||
"I do not remember to have any connection with you with regard to (either) Dharma, Artha and Kama. Go or stay or do whatever you please."
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.17
सैवमुक्ता वरारोहा वीडितेव तपस्विनी। नि:संज्ञेव च दुःखेन तस्थौ स्थूणेव निश्चला॥
saivamuktā varārohā vīḍiteva tapasvinī| ni:saṃjñeva ca duḥkhena tasthau sthūṇeva niścalā||
Thus being addressed, the beautiful ascetic lady was filled with shame. She lost her consciousness from grief and she stood like a wooden post.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.18
संरम्भामर्षताम्राक्षी स्फुरमाणौष्ठसम्पुटा। कटाक्षैर्निर्दहन्तीव तिर्यग् राजानमैक्षत॥
saṃrambhāmarṣatāmrākṣī sphuramāṇauṣṭhasampuṭā| kaṭākṣairnirdahantīva tiryag rājānamaikṣata||
Soon became her eyes red like copper; her lips began to quiver; she cast upon the king her (angry) glances which seemed to burn him.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.19
आकारं गूहमानां च मन्युना च समीरिता। तपसा सम्भृतं तेजो धारयामास वै तदा।॥
ākāraṃ gūhamānāṃ ca manyunā ca samīritā| tapasā sambhṛtaṃ tejo dhārayāmāsa vai tadā|||
Her rising anger and blazing fire of her asceticism she kept down with a great effort.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.20
सा मुहूर्तमिव ध्यात्वा दुःखामर्षसमन्विता। भर्तारमभिसम्प्रेक्ष्य क्रुद्धा वचनमब्रवीत्॥ जानन्नपि महाराज कस्मादेवं प्रभाषसे। न जानामीति निःशङ्कं यथान्यः प्राकृतो जनः॥
sā muhūrtamiva dhyātvā duḥkhāmarṣasamanvitā| bhartāramabhisamprekṣya kruddhā vacanamabravīt|| jānannapi mahārāja kasmādevaṃ prabhāṣase| na jānāmīti niḥśaṅkaṃ yathānyaḥ prākṛto janaḥ||
Collecting her thought in a moment, she thus addressed her husband looking straight at him in grief and in anger. “O great king, knowing everything, how can you, like a mean and inferior man, say that you know nothing'?
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.21
अत्र ते हृदयं वेद सत्यस्यैवानृतस्य च। कल्याणं वद साक्ष्येण माऽऽत्मानमवमन्यथाः॥
atra te hṛdayaṃ veda satyasyaivānṛtasya ca| kalyāṇaṃ vada sākṣyeṇa mā''tmānamavamanyathāḥ||
Your heart is the witness to the truth or to the falsehood of my words. Therefore, speak the truth and do not degrade yourself.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.22
योऽन्यथा सन्तमात्मानमन्यथा प्रतिपद्यते। किं तेन न कृतं पापं चौरेणात्मापहारिणा॥
yo'nyathā santamātmānamanyathā pratipadyate| kiṃ tena na kṛtaṃ pāpaṃ caureṇātmāpahāriṇā||
He, who has one thing in his mind, but represents another thing to others, is a thief and a robber of his own self. What sin is he not capable of committing?
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.23
एकोऽहमस्मीति च मन्यसे त्वं न हृच्छयं वेत्सि मुनि पुराणम्। यो वेदिता कर्मणः पापकस्य तस्यान्तिके त्वं वृजिनं करोपि॥
eko'hamasmīti ca manyase tvaṃ na hṛcchayaṃ vetsi muni purāṇam| yo veditā karmaṇaḥ pāpakasya tasyāntike tvaṃ vṛjinaṃ karopi||
You think that you alone know what you did. But do you not know that the great Omniscient One dwells in your heart. He knows all your sins and you sin in his presence.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.24
मन्यते पापकं कृत्वा न कश्चिद् वेत्ति मामिति। विदन्ति चैनं देवाश्च यश्चैवान्तरपूरुषः॥
manyate pāpakaṃ kṛtvā na kaścid vetti māmiti| vidanti cainaṃ devāśca yaścaivāntarapūruṣaḥ||
Man, when sinning, thinks that no one sees him. But he is seen by the celestials and by the Deity who dwells in every heart.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.25
आदित्यचन्द्रावनिलानलौ च द्यौर्भूमिरापो हृदयं यमश्च। अहश्च रात्रिश्च उभे च संध्ये धर्मश्च जानाति नरस्य वृत्तम्॥
ādityacandrāvanilānalau ca dyaurbhūmirāpo hṛdayaṃ yamaśca| ahaśca rātriśca ubhe ca saṃdhye dharmaśca jānāti narasya vṛttam||
The sun, the moon, the air, the fire, the earth, the sky, the water, the heart, Yama, the day, the night, the twilight and Dharma see every act of man.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.26
यमो वैवस्वतस्तस्य निर्यातयति दुष्कृतम्। हृदि स्थितः कर्मसाक्षी क्षेत्रज्ञो यस्य तुष्यति॥
yamo vaivasvatastasya niryātayati duṣkṛtam| hṛdi sthitaḥ karmasākṣī kṣetrajño yasya tuṣyati||
Yama, the son of Vivasvata, takes no account of the sins of that man with whom the Deity, the witness of all acts, remains pleased.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.27
न तु तुष्यति यस्यैष पुरुषस्य दुरात्मनः। तंयमः पापकर्माणं वियातयति दुष्कृतम्॥
na tu tuṣyati yasyaiṣa puruṣasya durātmanaḥ| taṃyamaḥ pāpakarmāṇaṃ viyātayati duṣkṛtam||
But that sinner, with whom the great Deity is not pleased, is punished by Yama for his wicked deeds.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.28
योऽवमन्यात्मनाऽऽत्मानमन्यथा प्रतिपद्यते। न तस्य देवाः श्रेयांसो यस्यात्मापि न कारणम्॥ स्वयं प्राप्तेति मामेवं मावमंस्थाः पतिव्रताम्। अर्चाहीं नार्चयसि मां स्वयं भार्यामुपस्थिताम्॥
yo'vamanyātmanā''tmānamanyathā pratipadyate| na tasya devāḥ śreyāṃso yasyātmāpi na kāraṇam|| svayaṃ prāpteti māmevaṃ māvamaṃsthāḥ pativratām| arcāhīṃ nārcayasi māṃ svayaṃ bhāryāmupasthitām||
He, who falsely represents his self and thus degrades himself, is never blessed by the celestials. Even his own soul does not bless him. I have come of my own accord, but I am a devoted wife to my husband. Do not disrespect me. I am your wife and deserve to be treated respectfully.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.29
किमर्थं मां प्राकृतवदुपप्रेक्षसि संसदि। न खल्वहमिदं शून्ये रौमि किं न शृणोषि मे॥
kimarthaṃ māṃ prākṛtavadupaprekṣasi saṃsadi| na khalvahamidaṃ śūnye raumi kiṃ na śṛṇoṣi me||
Why do you treat me before all these men like an ordinary woman? I am certainly not crying in the wilderness. Do you not hear me?
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.30
यदि मे याचमानाया वचनं न करिष्यसि। दुष्यन्त शतधा मूर्धा ततस्तेऽद्य स्फुटिष्यति॥
yadi me yācamānāyā vacanaṃ na kariṣyasi| duṣyanta śatadhā mūrdhā tataste'dya sphuṭiṣyati||
O Dushyanta, If you refuse what I ask you to do, your head will to day be divided into a thousand pieces.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.31
भार्यां पतिः सम्प्रविश्य स यस्माजायते पुनः। जायायास्तद्धि जायात्वं पौराणाः कवयो विदुः॥
bhāryāṃ patiḥ sampraviśya sa yasmājāyate punaḥ| jāyāyāstaddhi jāyātvaṃ paurāṇāḥ kavayo viduḥ||
The learned men of old say that the husband himself, entering into the womb of his wife, comes out as the son. Therefore, the wife is called Jaya.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.32
यदागमवतः पुंसस्तदपत्यं प्रजायते। तत् तारयति संतत्या पूर्वप्रेतान् पितामहान्॥
yadāgamavataḥ puṃsastadapatyaṃ prajāyate| tat tārayati saṃtatyā pūrvapretān pitāmahān||
The son, that is born to a wise man, rescues the spirits of his deceased ancestors.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.33
पुत्राम्नो नरकाद् यस्मात् पितरं त्रायते सुतः। तस्मात् पुत्र इति प्रोक्तः स्वयमेव स्वयम्भुवा॥
putrāmno narakād yasmāt pitaraṃ trāyate sutaḥ| tasmāt putra iti proktaḥ svayameva svayambhuvā||
Because the son rescues his ancestors from the hell, called Put, therefore he has been called by the self-created (Brahma) himself as Putra.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.34
(पुत्रेण लोकाञ्जयति पौत्रेणानन्त्यमश्नुते। अथ पौत्रस्य पुत्रेण मोदन्ते प्रपितामहः।।)
(putreṇa lokāñjayati pautreṇānantyamaśnute| atha pautrasya putreṇa modante prapitāmahaḥ||)
A man conquers the world by the birth of a son; he enjoys eternity by that of a grandson; the great grandfathers enjoy eternal happiness by the birth of a grandson's son.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.35
सा भार्या या गृहे दक्षा सा भार्या या प्रजावती। सा भार्या या पतिप्राणा सा भार्या या पतिव्रता॥
sā bhāryā yā gṛhe dakṣā sā bhāryā yā prajāvatī| sā bhāryā yā patiprāṇā sā bhāryā yā pativratā||
She is a true wife who is a good housewife; she is a true wife whose heart is devoted to her husband; she is a true wife who is faithful to her husband,
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.36
अर्धं भार्या मनुष्यस्य भार्या श्रेष्ठतमः सखा। भार्या मूलं त्रिवर्गस्य भार्या मूलं तरिष्यतः॥
ardhaṃ bhāryā manuṣyasya bhāryā śreṣṭhatamaḥ sakhā| bhāryā mūlaṃ trivargasya bhāryā mūlaṃ tariṣyataḥ||
A man's half is his wife, the wife is her husband's best of friends; the wife is the source of Dharma, Artha and Kama; the wife is the source of salvation.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.37
भार्यावन्त: क्रियावन्तः सभार्या गृहमेधिनः। भार्यावन्तः प्रमोदन्ते भार्यावन्तः श्रियान्विताः॥
bhāryāvanta: kriyāvantaḥ sabhāryā gṛhamedhinaḥ| bhāryāvantaḥ pramodante bhāryāvantaḥ śriyānvitāḥ||
Those that have wives can perform religious acts; those that have wives lead domestic lives. Those that have wives can be happy and those that have wives can achieve good fortune.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.38
सखायः प्रविविक्तेषु भवन्त्येताः प्रियंवदाः। पितरो धर्मकार्येषु भवन्त्यार्तस्य मातरः॥
sakhāyaḥ pravivikteṣu bhavantyetāḥ priyaṃvadāḥ| pitaro dharmakāryeṣu bhavantyārtasya mātaraḥ||
The sweet-speeched wives their husband's friends on the occasion of joy; they are as fathers on occasions of religious acts; they are as mothers in the hours of illness and are woe.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.39
कान्तारेष्वपि विश्रामो जनस्याध्वनिकस्य वै। यः सदारः स विश्वास्यस्तस्माद् दाराः परागतिः॥४४।
kāntāreṣvapi viśrāmo janasyādhvanikasya vai| yaḥ sadāraḥ sa viśvāsyastasmād dārāḥ parāgatiḥ||44|
Even in the deep forest, the wife is the refreshment and solace to her roaming husband. He who has a wife, is trusted by all. The wife, therefore, is man's great means of salvation.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.40
संसरन्तमपि प्रेतं विषमेष्वेकपातिनम्। भावान्वेति भर्तारं सततं या पतिव्रता॥
saṃsarantamapi pretaṃ viṣameṣvekapātinam| bhāvānveti bhartāraṃ satataṃ yā pativratā||
When the husband goes to the land of Yama, leaving this world, it is the devoted wife only that accompanies him there.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.41
प्रथमं संस्थिता भार्या पतिं प्रेत्य प्रतीक्षते। पूर्वं मृतं च भर्तारं पश्चात् साध्व्यनुगच्छति॥
prathamaṃ saṃsthitā bhāryā patiṃ pretya pratīkṣate| pūrvaṃ mṛtaṃ ca bhartāraṃ paścāt sādhvyanugacchati||
The wife, gone before (dying before her husband), waits for the spirit of her husband and if the husband goes before, the chaste wife soon follows him.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.42
एतस्मात् कारणाद् राजन् पाणिग्रहणमिष्यते। यदाप्नोति पतिर्भार्यामिहलोके परत्र च॥
etasmāt kāraṇād rājan pāṇigrahaṇamiṣyate| yadāpnoti patirbhāryāmihaloke paratra ca||
O king, for all these reasons, marriage exists (in this world). The husband enjoys the company of his wife, both here in this world and hereafter.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.43
आत्माऽऽत्मनैव जनितः पुत्र इत्युच्यते बुधैः। तस्माद् भार्यां नरः पश्येन्मातृवत् पुत्रमातरम्॥
ātmā''tmanaiva janitaḥ putra ityucyate budhaiḥ| tasmād bhāryāṃ naraḥ paśyenmātṛvat putramātaram||
The learned men have said that a man himself is born as his son; therefore, a man whose wife has given birth to a son, should look upon her as his mother.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.44
भार्यायां जनितं पुत्रमादर्शेष्विव चाननम्। ह्लादते जनिता प्रेक्ष्य स्वर्गं प्राप्येव पुण्यकृत्॥
bhāryāyāṃ janitaṃ putramādarśeṣviva cānanam| hlādate janitā prekṣya svargaṃ prāpyeva puṇyakṛt||
Looking at the face of the son, begotten on his wife, a man sees his own face as he does in a mirror; and feels himself as happy as a virtuous man attaining to heaven.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.45
दह्यमाना मनोदुःखैर्व्याधिभिश्चातुरा नराः। ह्लादन्ते स्वेषु दारेषु धर्मार्ताः सलिलेष्विव॥
dahyamānā manoduḥkhairvyādhibhiścāturā narāḥ| hlādante sveṣu dāreṣu dharmārtāḥ salileṣviva||
Men, burnt out by mental grief or afflicted by disease, feel as much relieved in the company of their wives as a perspiring man does in a cool bath.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.46
सुसंरब्धोऽपि रामाणां न कुर्यादप्रियं नरः। रतिं प्रीतिं च धर्मं च तास्वायत्तमवेक्ष्य हि॥
susaṃrabdho'pi rāmāṇāṃ na kuryādapriyaṃ naraḥ| ratiṃ prītiṃ ca dharmaṃ ca tāsvāyattamavekṣya hi||
No man, even in anger, should even do any thing that is disagreeable to his wife; for happiness, joy, virtue and everything depend on the wife.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.47
आत्मनो जन्मनः क्षेत्रं पुण्यं रामाः सनातनम्। ऋषीणामपि का शक्तिः स्रष्टुं रामामृते प्रजाम्॥
ātmano janmanaḥ kṣetraṃ puṇyaṃ rāmāḥ sanātanam| ṛṣīṇāmapi kā śaktiḥ sraṣṭuṃ rāmāmṛte prajām||
Wife is the sacred soil in which the husband is born again. Even Rishis cannot create men without women.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.48
प्रतिपद्य यदा सूनुर्धरणीरेणुगुण्ठितः। पितुराश्लिष्यतेऽङ्गानि किमस्त्यभ्यधिकं ततः॥
pratipadya yadā sūnurdharaṇīreṇuguṇṭhitaḥ| piturāśliṣyate'ṅgāni kimastyabhyadhikaṃ tataḥ||
What is a greater happiness to a father than what the father feels when his son, running to him, clasps him with his (tiny little) arms, though his body is full of dust and dirt?
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.49
स त्वं स्वयमभिप्राप्तं साभिलाषमिमं सुतम्। प्रेक्षमाणं कटाक्षेण किमर्थमवमन्यसे॥ अण्डानि बिभ्रति स्वानि न भिन्दन्ति पिपीलिकाः। न भरेथाः कथं न त्वं धर्मज्ञः सन् स्वमात्मजम्॥
sa tvaṃ svayamabhiprāptaṃ sābhilāṣamimaṃ sutam| prekṣamāṇaṃ kaṭākṣeṇa kimarthamavamanyase|| aṇḍāni bibhrati svāni na bhindanti pipīlikāḥ| na bharethāḥ kathaṃ na tvaṃ dharmajñaḥ san svamātmajam||
Why are you treating with indifference this your son who has himself come to you and who is wistfully casting his glances towards you? Even ants support their off-spring and do not destroy their eggs. Why then should you not, being learned in the rules of piety, support your own child?
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.50
न वाससां न रामाणां नापां स्पर्शस्तथाविधः। शिशोरालिङ्ग्यमानस्य स्पर्शः सूनोर्यथा सुखः॥
na vāsasāṃ na rāmāṇāṃ nāpāṃ sparśastathāvidhaḥ| śiśorāliṅgyamānasya sparśaḥ sūnoryathā sukhaḥ||
The touch of the sandal-paste, that of women and water, is not so pleasing as that of one's own infant son, locked in his embrace.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.51
ब्राह्मणो द्विपदां श्रेष्ठो गौर्वरिष्ठा चतुष्पदाम्। गुरुर्गरीयसां श्रेष्ठः पुत्रः स्पर्शवतां वरः॥
brāhmaṇo dvipadāṃ śreṣṭho gaurvariṣṭhā catuṣpadām| gururgarīyasāṃ śreṣṭhaḥ putraḥ sparśavatāṃ varaḥ||
As the Brahmana is the best among bipeds (men), as cow is the best among quadrupeds, as preceptor is the best among all superiors, so is the son among all objects pleasing to the touch.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.52
स्पृशतु त्वां समाश्लिष्य पुत्रोऽयं प्रियदर्शनः। पुत्रस्पर्शात् सुखतरः स्पर्शो लोके न विद्यते॥
spṛśatu tvāṃ samāśliṣya putro'yaṃ priyadarśanaḥ| putrasparśāt sukhataraḥ sparśo loke na vidyate||
Let this handsome son touch you in your embrace. There is nothing in the world more pleasing to the touch than that of a son.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.53
त्रिषु वर्षेषु पूर्णेषु प्रजाताहमरिंदम। इमं कुमारं राजेन्द्र तव शोकविनाशनम्॥ आहर्ता वाजिमेधस्य शतसंख्यस्य पौरव। इति वागन्तरिक्षे मां सूतकेऽभ्यवदत् पुरा॥
triṣu varṣeṣu pūrṇeṣu prajātāhamariṃdama| imaṃ kumāraṃ rājendra tava śokavināśanam|| āhartā vājimedhasya śatasaṃkhyasya paurava| iti vāgantarikṣe māṃ sūtake'bhyavadat purā||
O chastiser of foes, O great king, I gave birth to this boy, the dispeller of your grief, after the completion of three years. O descendant of the Puru race, when I was in the lying-in room, the following words were uttered in the sky, He shall perform one hundred horse-sacrifices.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.54
ननु नामाङ्कमारोप्य स्नेहाद् ग्रामान्तरं गताः। मूर्ध्नि पुत्रानुपाघ्राय प्रतिनन्दन्ति मानवाः॥
nanu nāmāṅkamāropya snehād grāmāntaraṃ gatāḥ| mūrdhni putrānupāghrāya pratinandanti mānavāḥ||
Men, going to places remote from their homes, take up other men's sons on their laps and smelling their heads, feel great happiness.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.55
वेदेष्वपि वदन्तीमं मन्त्रग्रामं द्विजातयः। जातकर्माणि पुत्राणां तवापि विदितं तथा॥
vedeṣvapi vadantīmaṃ mantragrāmaṃ dvijātayaḥ| jātakarmāṇi putrāṇāṃ tavāpi viditaṃ tathā||
You know that the Brahmanas utter the following Vedic Mantras at the birthday, ceremony of the child.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.56
अङ्गादङ्गात् सम्भवसि हृदयादधिजायसे। आत्मा वै पुत्रनामासि स जीव शरदः शतम्॥
aṅgādaṅgāt sambhavasi hṛdayādadhijāyase| ātmā vai putranāmāsi sa jīva śaradaḥ śatam||
“You are born of my body; you have sprung from my heart. You are myself in the form of my son. Live for one hundred years."
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.57
जीवितं त्वदधीनं मे संतानमपि चाक्षयम्। तस्मात् त्वं जीव मे पुत्र सुसुखी शरदां शतम्॥
jīvitaṃ tvadadhīnaṃ me saṃtānamapi cākṣayam| tasmāt tvaṃ jīva me putra susukhī śaradāṃ śatam||
"My life depends on you. The continuation of my race also depends on you. Therefore, live in happiness for one hundred years."
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.58
त्वदङ्गेभ्यः प्रसूतोऽयं पुरुषात् पुरुषोऽपरः। वै सरसीवामलेऽऽत्मानं द्वितीयं पश्य सुतम्॥
tvadaṅgebhyaḥ prasūto'yaṃ puruṣāt puruṣo'paraḥ| vai sarasīvāmale''tmānaṃ dvitīyaṃ paśya sutam||
He (this boy) has sprung from your body, he is a second being begotten from you. Behold your own self in your own son, as you see your image in the clear waters of the lake.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.59
यथा ह्याहवनीयोऽग्निर्गार्हपत्यात् प्रणीयते। तथा त्वत्तः प्रसूतोऽयं त्वमेकः सन् द्विधा कृतः॥ मृगावकृष्टेन पुरा मृगयां परिधावता। अहमासादिता राजन् कुमारी पितुराश्रमे॥
yathā hyāhavanīyo'gnirgārhapatyāt praṇīyate| tathā tvattaḥ prasūto'yaṃ tvamekaḥ san dvidhā kṛtaḥ|| mṛgāvakṛṣṭena purā mṛgayāṃ paridhāvatā| ahamāsāditā rājan kumārī piturāśrame||
As the sacrificial fire is kindled from the domestic fire, so has this one (your son), sprung from you. Though you are one, you have divided yourself in two. O king, in your hunting expedition, I was approached by you when I was a virgin in my father's hermitage.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.60
उर्वशी पूर्वचित्तिश्च सहजन्या च मेनका। विश्वाची च घृताची च षडेवाप्सरसां वराः॥
urvaśī pūrvacittiśca sahajanyā ca menakā| viśvācī ca ghṛtācī ca ṣaḍevāpsarasāṃ varāḥ||
Urvashi, Purvachitti, Sahajanya, Menaka, Vishvachi and Ghritachi, these are the six foremost Apsaras.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.61
तासां सा मेनका नाम ब्रह्मयोनिर्वराप्सराः। दिवः सम्प्राप्य जगतीं विश्वामित्रादजीजनत्॥
tāsāṃ sā menakā nāma brahmayonirvarāpsarāḥ| divaḥ samprāpya jagatīṃ viśvāmitrādajījanat||
Amongst them again, Menaka, born of a Brahmana, is the first. Descending from heaven on earth, she gave me birth from her association with Vishvamitra.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.62
सा मां हिमवतः प्रस्थे सुषुवे मनेकाप्सराः। अवकीर्य च मां याता परात्मजमिवासती॥
sā māṃ himavataḥ prasthe suṣuve manekāpsarāḥ| avakīrya ca māṃ yātā parātmajamivāsatī||
The Apsara Menaka gave me birth in a valley of the Himalayas. Devoid of affections, she went away, leaving me there, as if I was a child of some others.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.63
किं नु कर्माशुभं पूर्वं कृतवत्यन्यजन्मनि। यदहं बान्धवैस्त्यक्ता बाल्ये सम्प्रति च त्वया।॥
kiṃ nu karmāśubhaṃ pūrvaṃ kṛtavatyanyajanmani| yadahaṃ bāndhavaistyaktā bālye samprati ca tvayā|||
What great sin did I commit of old in some other life that I was cast away by my parents in my infancy and now I am cast away by you?
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.64
कामं त्वया परित्यक्ता गमिष्यामि स्वमाश्रमम्। इमं तु बालं संत्यक्तुं नार्हस्यात्मजमात्मनः॥
kāmaṃ tvayā parityaktā gamiṣyāmi svamāśramam| imaṃ tu bālaṃ saṃtyaktuṃ nārhasyātmajamātmanaḥ||
Cast off from you, I am ready to go back to the hermitage. But you should not cast off this child who is your own son.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.65
दुष्यन्त उवाच न पुत्रमभिजानामि त्वयि जातं शकुन्तले। असत्यवचना नार्यः कस्ते श्रद्धास्यते वचः॥ मेनका निरनुक्रोशा बन्धकी जननी तव। यया हिमवतः पृष्ठे निर्माल्यमिव चोज्झिता॥
duṣyanta uvāca na putramabhijānāmi tvayi jātaṃ śakuntale| asatyavacanā nāryaḥ kaste śraddhāsyate vacaḥ|| menakā niranukrośā bandhakī jananī tava| yayā himavataḥ pṛṣṭhe nirmālyamiva cojjhitā||
Dushyanta said : O Shakuntala, I do not know that I begot this child on you. Women generally speak falsehood. Who will believe your words? Your mother is lewd Menaka, destitute of affection; she cast off you in the valley of the Himalayas as one casts off the flowers after offering them to the gods.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.66
स चापि निरनुक्रोशः क्षत्रयोनिः पिता तव। विश्वामित्रो ब्राह्मणत्वे लुब्धः कामवशं गतः॥
sa cāpi niranukrośaḥ kṣatrayoniḥ pitā tava| viśvāmitro brāhmaṇatve lubdhaḥ kāmavaśaṃ gataḥ||
Your father also is lustful Vishvamitra of the Kshatriya race, destitute of all affection, the ! man who was tempted to become a Brahmana.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.67
मेनकाप्सरसां श्रेष्ठा महर्षीणां पिता च ते। तयोरपत्यं कस्मात् त्वं पुंश्चलीव प्रभाषसे॥
menakāpsarasāṃ śreṣṭhā maharṣīṇāṃ pitā ca te| tayorapatyaṃ kasmāt tvaṃ puṃścalīva prabhāṣase||
But (if you say), Menaka is the foremost of Apsaras and Vishvamitra is the foremost of Rishis, why then do you, being their daughter, speak like a lewd woman?
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.68
अश्रद्धेयमिदं वाक्यं कथयन्ती न लजसे। विशेषतो मत्सकाशे दुष्टतापसि गम्यताम्॥
aśraddheyamidaṃ vākyaṃ kathayantī na lajase| viśeṣato matsakāśe duṣṭatāpasi gamyatām||
Your these words deserve no credence. Are you not ashamed to utter them, specially before me? Go away, O wicked ascetic woman.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.69
व महर्षिः स चैवाग्र्यः साप्सराः क्व च मेनका। क्व च त्वमेवं कृपणा तापसीवेषधारिणी॥
va maharṣiḥ sa caivāgryaḥ sāpsarāḥ kva ca menakā| kva ca tvamevaṃ kṛpaṇā tāpasīveṣadhāriṇī||
Where is now that best of great Rishis (Vishvamitra) and that best of Apsaras Menaka? And where are you, (though) in the humble garb of ascetics.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.70
अतिकायश्च ते पुत्रो बालोऽतिबलवानयम्। कथमल्पेन कालेन शालस्तम्भ इवोद्गतः॥
atikāyaśca te putro bālo'tibalavānayam| kathamalpena kālena śālastambha ivodgataḥ||
Your this son is very big and appears to be very strong. How has he, within so short time, grown up like a Sala sprout?
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.71
सुनिकृष्टा च ते योनिः पुंश्चलीव प्रभाषसे। यदृच्छया कामरागाजाता मेनकया ह्यसि॥
sunikṛṣṭā ca te yoniḥ puṃścalīva prabhāṣase| yadṛcchayā kāmarāgājātā menakayā hyasi||
You are born very low, you speak also like a lewd woman. You were lustfully conceived by Menaka.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.72
सर्वमेतत् परोक्षं मे यत् त्वं वदसि तापसि। नाहं त्वामभिजानामि यथेष्टं गम्यतां त्वया॥
sarvametat parokṣaṃ me yat tvaṃ vadasi tāpasi| nāhaṃ tvāmabhijānāmi yatheṣṭaṃ gamyatāṃ tvayā||
O ascetic woman, all that you say is quite unknown to me. I do not know you. Go away wherever you please.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.73
शकुन्तलोवाच राजन् सर्पपमात्राणि परच्छिद्राणि पश्यसि। आत्मनो बिल्वमात्राणि पश्यन्नपि न पश्यसि॥
śakuntalovāca rājan sarpapamātrāṇi paracchidrāṇi paśyasi| ātmano bilvamātrāṇi paśyannapi na paśyasi||
Shakuntala said: O king, you (can) see the faults of others, though they may be as small as the mustard seed. But you can not see your own faults, though they are as big as the Bilva fruit.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.74
मेनका त्रिदशेष्वेव त्रिदशाश्चानु मेनकाम्। ममैवोद्रिच्यते जन्म दुष्यन्त तव जन्मनः॥
menakā tridaśeṣveva tridaśāścānu menakām| mamaivodricyate janma duṣyanta tava janmanaḥ||
Menaka is a celestial, (nay) Menaka is considered to be the best of celestial. O Dushyanta, my birth is noble than your own.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.75
क्षितावटसि राजेन्द्र अन्तरिक्षे चराम्यहम्। आवयोरन्तरं पश्य मेरुसर्षपयोरिव॥
kṣitāvaṭasi rājendra antarikṣe carāmyaham| āvayorantaraṃ paśya merusarṣapayoriva||
O great king, you walk on earth, but I roam in the sky. Know that the difference between you and me is like that of a mustard seed and the Meru (mountain).
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.76
महेन्द्रस्य कुबेरस्य यमस्य वरुणस्य च। भवनान्यनुसंयामि प्रभावं पश्य मे नृप॥
mahendrasya kuberasya yamasya varuṇasya ca| bhavanānyanusaṃyāmi prabhāvaṃ paśya me nṛpa||
O king, behold, I can go to the abodes of Indra, Kubera, Yama and Varuna.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.77
सत्यश्चापि प्रवादोऽयं यं प्रवक्ष्यामि तेऽनघ। निदर्शनार्थं न द्वेषाच्छ्रुत्वा तं क्षन्तुमर्हसि॥
satyaścāpi pravādo'yaṃ yaṃ pravakṣyāmi te'nagha| nidarśanārthaṃ na dveṣācchrutvā taṃ kṣantumarhasi||
O sinless man, there is a proverb which I am going to mention to you; (but I am not doing it) from any evil motive, but only as an example. Therefore, kindly pardon me for referring to it.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.78
विरूपो यावदादर्श नात्मनः पश्यते मुखम्। मन्यते तावदात्मानमन्येभ्यो रूपवत्तरम्॥
virūpo yāvadādarśa nātmanaḥ paśyate mukham| manyate tāvadātmānamanyebhyo rūpavattaram||
The ugly man, until he sees his face in a mirror, considers himself more handsome than others.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.79
यदा स्वमुखमादर्श विकृतं सोऽभिवीक्षते। तदान्तरं विजानीते आत्मानं चेतरं जनम्।। ८८
yadā svamukhamādarśa vikṛtaṃ so'bhivīkṣate| tadāntaraṃ vijānīte ātmānaṃ cetaraṃ janam|| 88
But when he sees his own face in the mirror, it is then that he perceives the difference between himself and others.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.80
अतीवरूपसम्पन्नो न कंचिदवमन्यते। अतीव जल्पन् दुर्वाचो भवतीह विहेठकः॥
atīvarūpasampanno na kaṃcidavamanyate| atīva jalpan durvāco bhavatīha viheṭhakaḥ||
He, who is really very handsome, never taunts others. He, who too much vilifies others, is only considered to be a reviler.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.81
मूतॊ हि जल्पतां पुंसां श्रुत्वा वाचः शुभाशुभाः। अशुभं वाक्यमादत्ते पुरीषमिव सूकरः॥
mūtò hi jalpatāṃ puṃsāṃ śrutvā vācaḥ śubhāśubhāḥ| aśubhaṃ vākyamādatte purīṣamiva sūkaraḥ||
As the swine seeks for the dirt and filth even when it is in a flower-garden, so does a wicked man chose only evil out of the evil and the good that others speak.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.82
प्राज्ञस्तु जल्पतां पुंसां श्रुत्वा वाचः शुभाशुभाः। गुणवद् वाक्यमादत्ते हंसः क्षीरमिवाम्भसः॥
prājñastu jalpatāṃ puṃsāṃ śrutvā vācaḥ śubhāśubhāḥ| guṇavad vākyamādatte haṃsaḥ kṣīramivāmbhasaḥ||
But as the geese always extract milk, though inixed with water, so does a wise man accept only what is good from the speech that is intermixed with both good and evil.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.83
अन्यान् परिवदन् साधुर्यथा हि परितप्यते। तथा परिवदन्नन्यांस्तुष्टो भवति दुर्जनः॥
anyān parivadan sādhuryathā hi paritapyate| tathā parivadannanyāṃstuṣṭo bhavati durjanaḥ||
Honest men always feel pain to speak ill of others, but wicked men always derive pleasure in doing it.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.84
अभिवाद्य यथा वृद्धान् सन्तो गच्छन्ति निर्वृतिम्। एवं सज्जनमाक्रुश्य मूर्यो भवति निर्वृतः॥ सुखं जीवन्त्यदोषज्ञा मूर्खा दोषानुदर्शिनः। यत्र वाच्याः परैः सन्तः परानाहुस्तथाविधान्॥
abhivādya yathā vṛddhān santo gacchanti nirvṛtim| evaṃ sajjanamākruśya mūryo bhavati nirvṛtaḥ|| sukhaṃ jīvantyadoṣajñā mūrkhā doṣānudarśinaḥ| yatra vācyāḥ paraiḥ santaḥ parānāhustathāvidhān||
Honest men always feel pleasure in showing respect towards the old (good men), but the fools always feel pleasure in abusing them. Honest men are happy in not seeking others' fault, but the fools are happy in doing it. The wicked always speak ill of honest men, but honest men never injure the wicked, even if injured by them.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.85
अतो हास्यतरं लोके किंचिदन्यन्न विद्यते। यत्र दुर्जनमित्याह दुर्जनः सज्जनं स्वयम्॥
ato hāsyataraṃ loke kiṃcidanyanna vidyate| yatra durjanamityāha durjanaḥ sajjanaṃ svayam||
What could be more ridiculous in the world than this, that those that are wicked should represent really honest men as wicked.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.86
सत्यधर्मच्युतात् पुंसः क्रुद्धादाशीविषादिव। अनास्तिकोऽप्युद्विजते जनः किं पुनरास्तिकः॥
satyadharmacyutāt puṃsaḥ kruddhādāśīviṣādiva| anāstiko'pyudvijate janaḥ kiṃ punarāstikaḥ||
Even atheists are afraid of those who have fallen from truth and virtue, as all men are afraid of the snakes of virulent poison. (When such is the case with an atheist), what shall I speak of me who is atheist?
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.87
स्वयमुत्पाद्य वै पुत्रं सदृशं यो न मन्यते। तस्य देवाः श्रियं प्रन्ति न च लोकानुपाश्नते॥
svayamutpādya vai putraṃ sadṛśaṃ yo na manyate| tasya devāḥ śriyaṃ pranti na ca lokānupāśnate||
The man, who having begotten a son who is his own image, does not look after him, never gains the higher worlds. The celestial destroy his good fortune an wealth.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.88
कुलवंशप्रतिष्ठां हि पितरः पुत्रमब्रुवन्। उत्तमं सर्वधर्माणां तस्मात् पुत्रं न सन्त्यजेत्॥
kulavaṃśapratiṣṭhāṃ hi pitaraḥ putramabruvan| uttamaṃ sarvadharmāṇāṃ tasmāt putraṃ na santyajet||
The Pitris (ancestors) have said that the son continues the race and supports the relations; therefore, to give birth to a son is the best of all pious acts. Therefore, your this son should not be abandoned.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.89
स्वपत्नीप्रभवान् पञ्च लब्धान् क्रीतान् विवर्धितान्। कृतानन्यासु चोत्पन्नान् पुत्रान् वै मनुरब्रवीत्॥
svapatnīprabhavān pañca labdhān krītān vivardhitān| kṛtānanyāsu cotpannān putrān vai manurabravīt||
Manu has said that there are five kinds of sons, namely those begotten by one on his wife, those obtained from others, those purchased for a price, those reared out of affection and those begotten on other women.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.90
धर्मकीर्त्यावहा नृणां मनस: प्रीतिवर्धनाः। त्रायन्ते नरकाजाता: पुत्रा धर्मप्लवाः पितॄन्। १०० ।।
dharmakīrtyāvahā nṛṇāṃ manasa: prītivardhanāḥ| trāyante narakājātā: putrā dharmaplavāḥ pitṝn| 100 ||
Sons support the religion and achievements of men; they increase their happiness; they rescue the dead ancestor from hell.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.91
स त्वं नृपतिशार्दूल पुत्रं न त्यक्तुमर्हसि। आत्मानं सत्यधर्मी च पालयन् पृथिवीपते। नरेन्द्रसिंह कटं न वोढुं त्वमिहार्हसि॥
sa tvaṃ nṛpatiśārdūla putraṃ na tyaktumarhasi| ātmānaṃ satyadharmī ca pālayan pṛthivīpate| narendrasiṃha kaṭaṃ na voḍhuṃ tvamihārhasi||
Therefore, O best of kings, it is not proper for you to abandon your son. O king of the earth, cherish your own self, truth and virtue, more more (by cherishing your this son). () best of the kings, it is not proper for you to play hypocrite's in this matter.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.92
वरं कूपशताद् वापी वरं वापीशतात् क्रतुः। वरं क्रतुशतात् पुत्रः सत्यं पुत्रशताद् वरम्॥
varaṃ kūpaśatād vāpī varaṃ vāpīśatāt kratuḥ| varaṃ kratuśatāt putraḥ satyaṃ putraśatād varam||
The dedication of a tank is meritorious than that of one hundred wells. A sacrifice is meritorious than the dedication of a tank. But (to beget a son) is inore meritorious than the celebration of sacrifices. Truth (however) is more meritorious than the birth of one hundred sons.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.93
अश्वमेधसहस्रं च सत्यं च तुलया धृतम्। अश्वमेधसहस्राद्धि सत्यमेव विशिष्यते॥
aśvamedhasahasraṃ ca satyaṃ ca tulayā dhṛtam| aśvamedhasahasrāddhi satyameva viśiṣyate||
If one thousand horse-sacrifices and truth were weighed, truth would be found heavier than one thousand horse-sacrifices.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.94
सर्ववेदाधिगमनं सर्वतीर्थावगाहनम्। सत्यं च वचनं राजन् समं वा स्यान्न वा समम्।। १०४।
sarvavedādhigamanaṃ sarvatīrthāvagāhanam| satyaṃ ca vacanaṃ rājan samaṃ vā syānna vā samam|| 104|
O king, I tell you, truth is equal to the study of the entire Vedas and ablutions in all the sacred pilgrimages.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.95
नास्ति सत्यसमो धर्मो न सत्याद् विद्यते परम्। न हि तीव्रतरं किंचिदनृतादिह विद्यते॥
nāsti satyasamo dharmo na satyād vidyate param| na hi tīvrataraṃ kiṃcidanṛtādiha vidyate||
There is no virtue equal to truth, there is nothing (in this world) superior to truth. And there is nothing (again) more sinful than falsehood.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.96
राजन् सत्यं परं ब्रह्म सत्यं च समयः परः। मा त्याक्षीः समयं राजन् सत्यं संगतमस्तु ते॥
rājan satyaṃ paraṃ brahma satyaṃ ca samayaḥ paraḥ| mā tyākṣīḥ samayaṃ rājan satyaṃ saṃgatamastu te||
O king, truth is the great Brahma, truth is the great vow; therefore, O king, do not violate your pledge. Let truth and yourself be ever united.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.97
अनृते चेत् प्रसङ्गस्ते श्रद्दधासि न चेत् स्वयम्। आत्मना हन्त गच्छामि त्वादृशे नास्ति संगतम्॥
anṛte cet prasaṅgaste śraddadhāsi na cet svayam| ātmanā hanta gacchāmi tvādṛśe nāsti saṃgatam||
If, however, you are united with falsehood, li you do not place any credence on my word, I shall go away from this place of my own accord. Your companionship should not be sought after.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.98
त्वामृतेऽपि हि दुष्यन्त शैलराजावतंसकाम्। चतुरन्ताभिमामुर्वी पुत्रो मे पालयिष्यति॥
tvāmṛte'pi hi duṣyanta śailarājāvataṃsakām| caturantābhimāmurvī putro me pālayiṣyati||
But, ( Dushyanta, (know this for a certainty), that when you are dead, my this son shall rule the whole earth, surrounded by the four seas and adorned by the king of mountains.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.99
वैशम्पायन उवाच एतावदुक्त्वा राजानं प्रातिष्ठत शकुन्तला। अथान्तरिक्षाद् दुष्यन्तं वागुवाचाशरीरिणी॥ ऋत्विक्पुरोहिताचार्यैर्मन्त्रिभिश्च वृतं तदा।
vaiśampāyana uvāca etāvaduktvā rājānaṃ prātiṣṭhata śakuntalā| athāntarikṣād duṣyantaṃ vāguvācāśarīriṇī|| ṛtvikpurohitācāryairmantribhiśca vṛtaṃ tadā|
Vaishampayana said : Having said all this to the king, Shakuntala turned her back. Thereupon a voice from the sky, coming from one who had no visible shape, addressed Dushyanta who was sitting, surrounded by his ministers, priests and Ritvikas.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.100
भस्त्रा माता पितुः पुत्रो येन जातः स एव सः॥ भरस्व पुत्रं दुष्यन्त मावमंस्थाः शकुन्तलाम्। रेतोधाः पुत्र उन्नयति नरदेव यमक्षयात्॥ त्वं चास्य धाता गर्भस्य सत्यमाह शकुन्तला। जाया जनयते पुत्रमात्मनोऽङ्गं द्विधा कृतम्॥
bhastrā mātā pituḥ putro yena jātaḥ sa eva saḥ|| bharasva putraṃ duṣyanta māvamaṃsthāḥ śakuntalām| retodhāḥ putra unnayati naradeva yamakṣayāt|| tvaṃ cāsya dhātā garbhasya satyamāha śakuntalā| jāyā janayate putramātmano'ṅgaṃ dvidhā kṛtam||
(It said), “O Dushyanta, the mother is but a sheath of flesh (within which the son dwells). The son, sprung from the father, is the father himself. Therefore, cherish your son and do not insult Shakuntala. O best of men, the son begotten by one's own self, rescues him from the abode of Yama. You are the father of this son. Shakuntala has spoken the truth. The husband divides his body in two parts and is born in the womb of his wife as the son.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.101
तस्माद् भरस्व दुष्यन्त पुत्रं शाकुन्तलं नृप। अभूतिरेषा यत् त्यक्त्वा जीवेजीवन्तमात्मजम्॥
tasmād bharasva duṣyanta putraṃ śākuntalaṃ nṛpa| abhūtireṣā yat tyaktvā jīvejīvantamātmajam||
O king, O Dushyanta, therefore, cherish your this son, born of Shakuntala. To forsake one's own son and to live thereafter is a great misfortune.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.102
शाकुन्तलं महात्मानं दौष्यन्ति भर पौरव। भर्तव्योऽयं त्वया यस्मादस्माकं वचनादपि॥ तस्माद् भवत्वयं नाम्ना भरतो नाम ते सुतः।
śākuntalaṃ mahātmānaṃ dauṣyanti bhara paurava| bhartavyo'yaṃ tvayā yasmādasmākaṃ vacanādapi|| tasmād bhavatvayaṃ nāmnā bharato nāma te sutaḥ|
Therefore, O descendant of the Puru race, cherish your this high-souled son, born of Shakuntala. As you will cherish this child at our word, therefore, your this son will be known by the name of Bharata.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.103
तच्छ्रुत्वा पौरवो राजा व्याहृतं त्रिदिवौकसाम्॥ पुरोहितममात्यांश्च सम्प्रहृष्टोऽब्रवीदिदम्। शृण्वन्त्वेतद् भवन्तोऽस्य देवदूतस्य भाषितम्॥
tacchrutvā pauravo rājā vyāhṛtaṃ tridivaukasām|| purohitamamātyāṃśca samprahṛṣṭo'bravīdidam| śṛṇvantvetad bhavanto'sya devadūtasya bhāṣitam||
Having heard these words of the dwellers of heaven, the king of the Puru race was much pleased and addressing his priests and ministers, he said : “Hear all of you the words of the messenger of heaven."
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.104
अहं चाप्येवमेवैनं जानामि स्वयमात्मजम्। यद्यहं वचनादस्या गृह्णीयामि ममात्मजम्॥ भवेद्धि शङ्कयो लोकस्य नैव शुद्धो भवेदयम्।
ahaṃ cāpyevamevainaṃ jānāmi svayamātmajam| yadyahaṃ vacanādasyā gṛhṇīyāmi mamātmajam|| bhaveddhi śaṅkayo lokasya naiva śuddho bhavedayam|
"I myself know that this boy is my son. If I had accepted him as my son at Shakuntala's words, my people would have been suspicious and my son also would not have been considered to be pure (of pure birth).”
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.105
वैशम्पायन उवाच तं विशोध्य तदा राजा देवदूतेन भारत। हृष्टः प्रमुदितश्चापि प्रतिजग्राह तं सुतम्॥
vaiśampāyana uvāca taṃ viśodhya tadā rājā devadūtena bhārata| hṛṣṭaḥ pramuditaścāpi pratijagrāha taṃ sutam||
Vaishampayana said : O descendant of the Virata race, the king was exceedingly pleased, because the purity of the birth of his son was established by the messenger of heaven.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.106
ततस्तस्य तदा राजा पितृकर्माणि सर्वशः। कारयामास मुदितः प्रीतिमानात्मजस्य ह॥
tatastasya tadā rājā pitṛkarmāṇi sarvaśaḥ| kārayāmāsa muditaḥ prītimānātmajasya ha||
He then performed with joy all those rites which a father should perform for his son.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.107
मूर्ध्नि चैनमुपाघ्राय सस्नेहं परिषस्वजे। सभाज्यमानो विप्रैश्च स्तूयमानश्च वन्दिभिः। स मुदं परमां लेभे पुत्रसंस्पर्शजां नृपः॥
mūrdhni cainamupāghrāya sasnehaṃ pariṣasvaje| sabhājyamāno vipraiśca stūyamānaśca vandibhiḥ| sa mudaṃ paramāṃ lebhe putrasaṃsparśajāṃ nṛpaḥ||
He smelt his son's head; he embraced him with affection. The Brahmanas uttered blessings on him and the bards began to applaud him. The king then enjoyed the great pleasure that one feels at the touch of one's own son.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.108
धर्मतः। तां चैव भार्या दुष्यन्तः पूजयामास अब्रवीचैव तां राजा सान्त्वपूर्वमिदं वचः॥
dharmataḥ| tāṃ caiva bhāryā duṣyantaḥ pūjayāmāsa abravīcaiva tāṃ rājā sāntvapūrvamidaṃ vacaḥ||
Dushyanta also received his wife (Shakuntala) with all honour and affection. Affectionately pacifying her, he spoke to her thus,
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.109
कृतो लोकपरोक्षोऽयं सम्बन्धो वै त्वया सह। तस्मादेतन्मया देवि त्वच्छुद्ध्यर्थं विचारितम्॥ मन्यते चैव लोकस्ते स्त्रीभावान्मयि संगतम्। पुत्रश्चायं वृतो राज्ये मया तस्माद् विचारितम्॥
kṛto lokaparokṣo'yaṃ sambandho vai tvayā saha| tasmādetanmayā devi tvacchuddhyarthaṃ vicāritam|| manyate caiva lokaste strībhāvānmayi saṃgatam| putraścāyaṃ vṛto rājye mayā tasmād vicāritam||
“O lady, my union with you took place in private. None knew of it and therefore, it is natural that people should have thought that our union was only out of lust and that we were not husband and wife. This son, installed as my heir-apparent, would have been considered as a man of impure birth. Therefore, I was thinking how best to establish your purity.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.110
यच्च कोपितयात्यर्थं त्वयोक्तोऽस्म्यप्रियं प्रिये। प्रणयिन्या विशालाक्षि तत् क्षान्तं ते मया शुभे॥
yacca kopitayātyarthaṃ tvayokto'smyapriyaṃ priye| praṇayinyā viśālākṣi tat kṣāntaṃ te mayā śubhe||
"O dearest, O lady of beautiful eyes, I have forgiven you for all the hard words you have uttered in anger. You are my darling.”
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.111
तामेवमुक्त्वा राजर्षिर्दुष्यन्तो महिषीं प्रियाम्। वासोभिरन्नपानैश्च पूजयामास भारत॥
tāmevamuktvā rājarṣirduṣyanto mahiṣīṃ priyām| vāsobhirannapānaiśca pūjayāmāsa bhārata||
O descendant of the Bharata race, having spoken thus to his dear queen (Shakuntala), the royal sage Dushyanta, received her with the presents of perfume, food and drink.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.112
दुष्यन्तस्तु तदा राजा पुत्रं शाकुन्तलं तदा। भरतं नामतः कृत्वा यौवराज्येऽभ्यषेचयत्॥
duṣyantastu tadā rājā putraṃ śākuntalaṃ tadā| bharataṃ nāmataḥ kṛtvā yauvarājye'bhyaṣecayat||
The king Dushyanta, thereupon, installed the son of Shakuntala as his heir-apparent bestowing upon him the name of Bharata.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.113
तस्य तत् प्रथितं चक्रं प्रावर्तत महात्मनः। भास्वरं दिव्यमजितं लोकसंनादनं महत्॥
tasya tat prathitaṃ cakraṃ prāvartata mahātmanaḥ| bhāsvaraṃ divyamajitaṃ lokasaṃnādanaṃ mahat||
From that day the invincible car of Bharata, like the car of the celestials, with its famous and bright wheels, traversed the whole earth, filling it with its rattle.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.114
स विजित्य महीपालांश्चकार वशवर्तिनः। चचार च सतां धर्मं प्राप चानुत्तमं यशः॥
sa vijitya mahīpālāṃścakāra vaśavartinaḥ| cacāra ca satāṃ dharmaṃ prāpa cānuttamaṃ yaśaḥ||
The son of Dushyanta (Bharata) brought under his sway all the kings of the world. He ruled his subjects virtuously and gained great fame.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.115
स राजा चक्रवर्त्यासीत् सार्वभौमः प्रतापवान्। ईजे च बहुभिर्यज्ञैर्यथा शक्रो मरुत्पतिः॥
sa rājā cakravartyāsīt sārvabhaumaḥ pratāpavān| īje ca bahubhiryajñairyathā śakro marutpatiḥ||
That king (Bharata) was known by the name of Chakravarti and Sarvabhauma. He performed many sacrifices like Indra, the lord of the Marutas.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.116
याजयामास तं कण्वो विधिवद् भूरिदक्षिणम्। श्रीमान् गोविततं नाम वाजिमेधमवाप सः। यस्मिन् सहस्रं पद्मानां कण्वाय भरतो ददौ॥
yājayāmāsa taṃ kaṇvo vidhivad bhūridakṣiṇam| śrīmān govitataṃ nāma vājimedhamavāpa saḥ| yasmin sahasraṃ padmānāṃ kaṇvāya bharato dadau||
Kanva was the chief priest in those sacrifices and great offerings were made to the Brahmanas. The fortunate king performed both the cow and the horse-sacrifices. Bharata gave one thousand gold coins to Kanva as his sacrificial fee.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.117
भरताद् भारती कीर्तिर्यनदं भारतं कुलम्। अपरे ये च पूर्वे वै भारता इति विश्रुता॥
bharatād bhāratī kīrtiryanadaṃ bhārataṃ kulam| apare ye ca pūrve vai bhāratā iti viśrutā||
From this Bharata has followed this, "achievement of Bharata," from him has sprung this great race (of Bharata.) All kings that were born after him are called after his name.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)
MBh 1 74.118
भरतस्यान्ववाये हि देवकल्पा महौजसः। बभूवुर्ब्रह्मकल्पाश्च बहवो राजसत्तमाः॥ येषामपरिमेयानि नामधेयानि सर्वशः। तेषां तु ते यथामुख्यं कीर्तयिष्यामि भारत। महाभागान् देवकल्पान् सत्यार्जवपरायणान्॥
bharatasyānvavāye hi devakalpā mahaujasaḥ| babhūvurbrahmakalpāśca bahavo rājasattamāḥ|| yeṣāmaparimeyāni nāmadheyāni sarvaśaḥ| teṣāṃ tu te yathāmukhyaṃ kīrtayiṣyāmi bhārata| mahābhāgān devakalpān satyārjavaparāyaṇān||
And in this Bharata race were many godlike and greatly powerful best of monarchs. They were like Brahma himself. Their names are countless. O descendant of the Bharata race, I shall name only the chief ones, who were all blessed with great fortune and devoted to truth and honesty. They were all like the celestial.
— tr. M.N. Dutt (1891–96) (public domain)