Garuda Purana — Purva Khanda — Chapter 95

GaP 1 95.1

श्रीगरुडमहापुराणम्- ९५ याज्ञवल्क्य उवाच । शृण्वन्तु मुनयो धर्मान् गृहस्थस्य यतव्रताः । गुरवे च धनं दत्त्वा स्नात्वा च तदनुज्ञया

śrīgaruḍamahāpurāṇam- 95 yājñavalkya uvāca / śṛṇvantu munayo dharmān gṛhasthasya yatavratāḥ / gurave ca dhanaṃ dattvā snātvā ca tadanujñayā

The Glorious Garuḍa Mahāpurāṇa, 95. Yājñavalkya said: Let the sages of restrained vows hear the duties of the householder. Having given wealth to the guru, and having bathed, with his permission,

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition

GaP 1 95.2

समापितब्रह्मचर्यो लक्षण्यां स्त्रियमुद्वहेत् । अनन्यपूर्विकां कान्तामसपिण्डां यवीयसीम्

samāpitabrahmacaryo lakṣaṇyāṃ striyamudvahet / ananyapūrvikāṃ kāntāmasapiṇḍāṃ yavīyasīm

having completed his brahmacarya, he should marry a woman possessing (the auspicious) marks, one who has not belonged to another before, lovely, not a sapiṇḍa, younger (than himself),

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition

GaP 1 95.3

अरोगिणीं भ्रातृमतीमसमानार्षगोत्रजाम् । पञ्चमात्सप्तमादूर्ध्वं मातृतः पितृतस्तथा

arogiṇīṃ bhrātṛmatīmasamānārṣagotrajām / pañcamātsaptamādūrdhvaṃ mātṛtaḥ pitṛtastathā

free from disease, having a brother, not born of the same ṛṣi-lineage or gotra, (removed) beyond the fifth degree on the mother's side and the seventh on the father's,

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition

GaP 1 95.4

दशपूरुषविख्याताच्छ्रोत्रियाणां महाकुलात् । सवर्णः श्रोत्रियो विद्वान्वरो दोषान्वितो न च

daśapūruṣavikhyātācchrotriyāṇāṃ mahākulāt / savarṇaḥ śrotriyo vidvānvaro doṣānvito na ca

(and taken) from a great family of śrotriyas renowned for ten generations. The bridegroom (should be) of the same varṇa, a śrotriya, learned, and not attended by defects.

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition

GaP 1 95.5

यदुच्यते द्विजातीनां शूद्राद्दारोपसंग्रहः । न तन्मम मतं यस्मात्तत्रायं जायते स्वयम्

yaducyate dvijātīnāṃ śūdrāddāropasaṃgrahaḥ / na tanmama mataṃ yasmāttatrāyaṃ jāyate svayam

As for what is said, that the twice-born may take a wife from among the śūdras — that is not my view, since therein a man is born (again) himself.

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain

GaP 1 95.6

तिस्रो वर्णानुपूर्व्येण द्वे तथैका यथाक्रमम् । ब्राह्मणक्षत्त्रियविशां भार्याः स्वा शूद्रजन्मनः

tisro varṇānupūrvyeṇa dve tathaikā yathākramam / brāhmaṇakṣattriyaviśāṃ bhāryāḥ svā śūdrajanmanaḥ

Three (wives), following the order of the varṇas, two likewise, and one, respectively, are the wives of the brahmin, the kshatriya and the vaishya; the śūdra-born has one of his own (class).

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition

GaP 1 95.7

ब्राह्मो विवाह आहूय दीयते शक्त्यलङ्कृता । तज्जः पुनात्युभयतः पुरुषोनेकविंशतिम्

brāhmo vivāha āhūya dīyate śaktyalaṅkṛtā / tajjaḥ punātyubhayataḥ puruṣonekaviṃśatim

The brāhma marriage: having invited (the bridegroom), (the girl) is given adorned according to (the father's) means; the son born of her purifies twenty-one persons on both sides (of the family).

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition

GaP 1 95.8

यज्ञस्थायर्त्विजे दैवमादायार्षस्तु गोयुगम् । चतुर्दश प्रथमजः पुनात्युत्तरजश्च षटू

yajñasthāyartvije daivamādāyārṣastu goyugam / caturdaśa prathamajaḥ punātyuttarajaśca ṣaṭū

The daiva (marriage is giving her) to an officiating priest stationed at a sacrifice; the ārṣa, on receiving a pair of cows. The firstborn son (of these) purifies fourteen, and those born later six.

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition

GaP 1 95.9

इत्युक्त्वा चरतां धर्मं सह या दीयते ऽर्थिने । स कायः पावयेत्तज्जः षड्वंश्यानात्मना सह

ityuktvā caratāṃ dharmaṃ saha yā dīyate 'rthine / sa kāyaḥ pāvayettajjaḥ ṣaḍvaṃśyānātmanā saha

Saying, "May you two practise dharma together," she who is given along with (this formula) to a suitor — that is the kāya (prājāpatya) marriage; the son born of her purifies six of the lineage together with himself.

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain

GaP 1 95.10

आसुरो द्रविणादानाद्गान्धर्वः समयान्मिथः । राक्षसो युद्धहरणात्पैशाचः कन्यकाच्छलात्

āsuro draviṇādānādgāndharvaḥ samayānmithaḥ / rākṣaso yuddhaharaṇātpaiśācaḥ kanyakācchalāt

The āsura (marriage arises) from the giving of wealth; the gāndharva from mutual agreement; the rākṣasa from carrying (her) off by fighting; the paiśāca from deceiving a maiden.

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition

GaP 1 95.11

चत्वारो ब्राह्मणस्याद्यास्तथा गान्धर्वराक्षसौ । राज्ञस्तथासुरो वैश्ये शूद्रे चान्त्यस्तु गर्हितः

catvāro brāhmaṇasyādyāstathā gāndharvarākṣasau / rājñastathāsuro vaiśye śūdre cāntyastu garhitaḥ

The first four (are proper) for a brahmin, and likewise the gāndharva and rākṣasa for a king, the āsura for a vaiśya and a śūdra; but the last is condemned.

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition

GaP 1 95.12

पाणिर्ग्राह्यः सवर्णासु गृह्णीत क्षत्त्रिया शरम् । वैश्या प्रतोदमादद्याद्वेदने चाग्रजन्मनः

pāṇirgrāhyaḥ savarṇāsu gṛhṇīta kṣattriyā śaram / vaiśyā pratodamādadyādvedane cāgrajanmanaḥ

The hand is to be taken (in marriage) among women of the same class; a kṣatriya woman should hold an arrow, and a vaiśya woman should take up a goad, when marrying a twice-born (of higher class).

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition

GaP 1 95.13

पिता पितामहो भ्राता सकुल्यो जननी तथा । कन्याप्रदः पूर्वनाशे प्रकृतीस्थः परः परः

pitā pitāmaho bhrātā sakulyo jananī tathā / kanyāpradaḥ pūrvanāśe prakṛtīsthaḥ paraḥ paraḥ

The father, the grandfather, the brother, a kinsman, and the mother are the givers of the maiden; on the failure of the earlier one, each next one (gives), (provided he is) of sound condition.

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition

GaP 1 95.14

अप्रयच्छन्समाप्नोति भ्रूणहत्यामृतावृतौ । एषामभावे दातॄणां कन्या कुर्यात् स्वयंवरम्

aprayacchansamāpnoti bhrūṇahatyāmṛtāvṛtau / eṣāmabhāve dātṝṇāṃ kanyā kuryāt svayaṃvaram

One who does not give (her away) when her season has come incurs the guilt of killing an embryo; in the absence of these givers the maiden may make her own choice (of husband).

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition

GaP 1 95.15

सकृत्प्रदीयते कन्या हरंस्तां चोरदण्डभाक् । अदुष्टां हि त्यजन्दण्ड्यः सुदुष्टां तु परित्यजेत्

sakṛtpradīyate kanyā haraṃstāṃ coradaṇḍabhāk / aduṣṭāṃ hi tyajandaṇḍyaḥ suduṣṭāṃ tu parityajet

A maiden is given once (only); one who carries her off deserves the punishment of a thief. For abandoning one who is not at fault he is to be fined, but a thoroughly corrupt one he should cast off.

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition

GaP 1 95.16

अपुत्रा गुबपुज्ञातो देवरः पुत्रकान्यगा । सपिण्डो वा समोत्रो वा घृताभ्यक्त ऋतावियात्

aputrā gubapujñāto devaraḥ putrakānyagā / sapiṇḍo vā samotro vā ghṛtābhyakta ṛtāviyāt

A sonless woman, (being) authorized (by the elders?) — the husband's younger brother, or a sapiṇḍa, or one of the same gotra, anointed with ghee, may approach her at her season for the sake of a son.

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain

GaP 1 95.17

आगर्भसम्भवं गच्छेत्पतितस्त्वन्यथा भवेत् । अनेन विधिना जात क्षेत्रपस्य भवेत्सुतः

āgarbhasambhavaṃ gacchetpatitastvanyathā bhavet / anena vidhinā jāta kṣetrapasya bhavetsutaḥ

He may go (to her) until conception takes place; otherwise he becomes fallen. A son born by this rule belongs to the owner of the field (i.e. the husband).

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition

GaP 1 95.18

हृताधिकारां मलिनां पिण्डमात्रोपसेविनीम् । परिभूतामधः शय्यां वासयेद्य्वभिचारिणीम्

hṛtādhikārāṃ malināṃ piṇḍamātropasevinīm / paribhūtāmadhaḥ śayyāṃ vāsayedyvabhicāriṇīm

An adulterous wife he should keep dwelling (in the house) deprived of her privileges, unclean, subsisting on a mere morsel of food, despised, sleeping on the ground.

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition

GaP 1 95.19

सोमः शौचं ददौ तासां गन्धर्वश्च सुभां गिरम् । पावकः सर्वमेध्यत्वं मेध्या वै योषितो यतः

somaḥ śaucaṃ dadau tāsāṃ gandharvaśca subhāṃ giram / pāvakaḥ sarvamedhyatvaṃ medhyā vai yoṣito yataḥ

Soma gave them purity, the gandharva fair speech, and Fire complete cleanness — hence women are (inherently) pure.

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition

GaP 1 95.20

व्यभिचारादृतौशुद्धिर्गर्भेत्यागं करोति च । गर्भभर्तृवधे तासां तथा महति पातके

vyabhicārādṛtauśuddhirgarbhetyāgaṃ karoti ca / garbhabhartṛvadhe tāsāṃ tathā mahati pātake

After adultery purification comes at the (next) menstruation; but if there is pregnancy, one performs abandonment; (likewise) abandonment of such women when they have killed an embryo or the husband, and in the case of a great sin.

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain

GaP 1 95.21

सुरापि व्याधिता द्वेष्ट्री वन्ध्यार्थघ्न्यप्रियंवदा । अधिविन्ना च भर्तव्या महदेनोन्यथा भवेत्

surāpi vyādhitā dveṣṭrī vandhyārthaghnyapriyaṃvadā / adhivinnā ca bhartavyā mahadenonyathā bhavet

Even a wife who drinks liquor, is sick, hateful, barren, a waster of wealth, or speaks unkindly, and one who has been superseded (by another wife), must be maintained; otherwise great guilt results.

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition

GaP 1 95.22

यत्राविरोधो दम्पत्योस्त्रिवर्गस्तत्त्र वर्धते । मृते जीवति या पत्यौ या नान्यमुपगच्छति

yatrāvirodho dampatyostrivargastattra vardhate / mṛte jīvati yā patyau yā nānyamupagacchati

Where there is no conflict between husband and wife, there the three aims (of life) increase. The woman who, her husband being dead or alive, does not go to another —

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition

GaP 1 95.23

सेह कीर्तिमवाप्नोति मोदते चोमया सह । शुद्धां त्यजंस्तृतीयांशं दद्यादामरणं स्त्रियाः

seha kīrtimavāpnoti modate comayā saha / śuddhāṃ tyajaṃstṛtīyāṃśaṃ dadyādāmaraṇaṃ striyāḥ

she obtains fame here and rejoices together with Umā. One who abandons a blameless wife should give her a third share (of his property), (as maintenance) for the woman until her death.

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition

GaP 1 95.24

स्त्रीभिर्भर्तुर्वचः कार्यमेष धर्मः परः स्त्रियाः । षोडशर्तुनिशाः स्त्रीणां तासु युग्मासु संविशेत्

strībhirbharturvacaḥ kāryameṣa dharmaḥ paraḥ striyāḥ / ṣoḍaśartuniśāḥ strīṇāṃ tāsu yugmāsu saṃviśet

The husband's word is to be carried out by women: this is the highest duty of a woman. Women have sixteen nights of the season; among these he should lie with (her) on the even ones.

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition

GaP 1 95.25

ब्रह्मचारी च पर्वाण्याद्याश्ततस्त्रस्तु वर्जयेत् । एवं गच्छं स्त्रियं क्षामां मघां मूलां च वर्जयेत्

brahmacārī ca parvāṇyādyāśtatastrastu varjayet / evaṃ gacchaṃ striyaṃ kṣāmāṃ maghāṃ mūlāṃ ca varjayet

And (on the days when) a chaste student (must abstain), on the parvan days, and the first three (nights of the season), he should abstain. Approaching a woman in this manner, he should avoid one who is emaciated, and the asterisms Maghā and Mūla.

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain

GaP 1 95.26

लक्षण्यं जनयेदेव पुत्रं रोगविवर्जितम् । यथा कामी भवेद्वापि स्त्रीणां (स्म) वलमनुस्मरन्

lakṣaṇyaṃ janayedeva putraṃ rogavivarjitam / yathā kāmī bhavedvāpi strīṇāṃ (sma) valamanusmaran

He will surely beget a son marked with (auspicious) signs and free from disease; or else he becomes lustful, dwelling on the power of women.

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain

GaP 1 95.27

स्वदारनिरतश्चैव स्त्रियो रक्ष्या यतस्ततः । भर्तृभ्रातृपितृज्ञातिश्वश्रूश्वशुरदेवरैः

svadāranirataścaiva striyo rakṣyā yatastataḥ / bhartṛbhrātṛpitṛjñātiśvaśrūśvaśuradevaraiḥ

And (a man) should be devoted to his own wives; women are to be guarded on all sides — by husband, brother, father, kinsmen, mother-in-law, father-in-law and brother-in-law,

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition

GaP 1 95.28

बन्धुभिश्च स्त्रियः पूज्या भूषणाच्छादनाशनैः । संयतो पस्करा दक्षा हृष्टा व्ययपराङ्मुखी

bandhubhiśca striyaḥ pūjyā bhūṣaṇācchādanāśanaiḥ / saṃyato paskarā dakṣā hṛṣṭā vyayaparāṅmukhī

and by relatives; women are to be honoured with ornaments, clothing and food. (A wife should be) restrained, (keeping) the household utensils (in order), capable, cheerful, and averse to expenditure.

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition

GaP 1 95.29

श्वश्रूश्वशुरयोः कुर्यात्पादयोर्वन्दनं सदा । क्रीडाशरीरसंस्कारसमाजोत्सवदशनम्

śvaśrūśvaśurayoḥ kuryātpādayorvandanaṃ sadā / krīḍāśarīrasaṃskārasamājotsavadaśanam

She should always perform the salutation of the feet of her mother-in-law and father-in-law. Play, adornment of the body, gatherings, festivals, laughter,

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition

GaP 1 95.30

हास्यं परगृहे यानं त्यजेत्प्रेषितभर्तृका । रक्षेत्कन्यां पिता बाल्ये यौवने पतिरेव ताम्

hāsyaṃ paragṛhe yānaṃ tyajetpreṣitabhartṛkā / rakṣetkanyāṃ pitā bālye yauvane patireva tām

and going to another's house — these she should give up when her husband is sent away (on a journey). A father should guard his daughter in childhood, and in youth her husband guards her.

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition

GaP 1 95.31

वार्धक्ये रक्षते पुत्रो ह्यन्यथा ज्ञातयस्तथा । पतिं विना न तिष्ठेत्तु दिवा वा यदि वा निशि

vārdhakye rakṣate putro hyanyathā jñātayastathā / patiṃ vinā na tiṣṭhettu divā vā yadi vā niśi

In old age a son protects (her); failing that, the kinsmen likewise. She should not remain without her husband, whether by day or by night.

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition

GaP 1 95.32

ज्येष्ठां धर्मविधौ कुर्यान्न कनिष्ठां कदाचन । दाहयेदग्निहोत्रेण स्त्रियं वृत्तवतीं पतिः

jyeṣṭhāṃ dharmavidhau kuryānna kaniṣṭhāṃ kadācana / dāhayedagnihotreṇa striyaṃ vṛttavatīṃ patiḥ

He should employ the eldest (wife) in the performance of religious rites, never the youngest. A husband should have a wife of good conduct cremated with the (sacred) Agnihotra fire.

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition

GaP 1 95.33

आहरेद्विधिवद्दारानग्निं चैवाविलम्बितः । हिता भर्तुर्दिवं गच्छेदिह कीर्तीरवाप्य च

āharedvidhivaddārānagniṃ caivāvilambitaḥ / hitā bharturdivaṃ gacchediha kīrtīravāpya ca

He should take a wife according to the rule, and (establish) the fire, without delay. A wife devoted to her husband's good goes to heaven, having gained fame here as well.

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition