Garuda Purana — Purva Khanda — Chapter 49

GaP 1 49.1

श्रीगरुडमहापुराणम्- ४९ इति प्रतिष्ठाप्रकरणं समाप्तम् । ब्रह्मोवाच । सर्गादिकृद्धरिश्चैव पूज्यः स्वायम्भुवादिभिः । विप्राद्यैः स्वेन धर्मेण तद्धर्मं व्यास ! वै शृणु

śrīgaruḍamahāpurāṇam- 49 iti pratiṣṭhāprakaraṇaṃ samāptam / brahmovāca / sargādikṛddhariścaiva pūjyaḥ svāyambhuvādibhiḥ / viprādyaiḥ svena dharmeṇa taddharmaṃ vyāsa ! vai śṛṇu

Śrī Garuḍa Mahāpurāṇa 49. Thus the section on installation is concluded. Brahmā said: Hari, the maker of creation and the rest, is to be worshipped by Svāyambhuva and the others, and by brahmins and the rest, each by his own dharma. Hear that dharma, O Vyāsa.

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition

GaP 1 49.2

यजनं याजनं दानं ब्राह्मणस्य प्रतिग्रहः । अध्यापनं चाध्ययनं षट् कर्माणिद्विजोत्तमे

yajanaṃ yājanaṃ dānaṃ brāhmaṇasya pratigrahaḥ / adhyāpanaṃ cādhyayanaṃ ṣaṭ karmāṇidvijottame

Sacrificing, officiating at sacrifices, giving, receiving gifts, teaching and studying — these are the six duties for the brahmin, the best of the twice-born.

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition

GaP 1 49.3

दानमध्ययनं यज्ञो धर्मः क्षत्त्रियवैश्ययोः । दण्डस्तस्य कृषिर्वैश्यस्य शस्यते

dānamadhyayanaṃ yajño dharmaḥ kṣattriyavaiśyayoḥ / daṇḍastasya kṛṣirvaiśyasya śasyate

Giving, study and sacrifice are the dharma of the kṣatriya and the vaiśya; wielding the rod (of punishment) is his (the kṣatriya's), and agriculture is commended for the vaiśya.

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain

GaP 1 49.4

शुश्रूषैव द्विजातीनां शूद्राणां धर्मसाधनम् । कारुकर्म तथाऽजीवो पाकयज्ञो ऽपि धर्मतः

śuśrūṣaiva dvijātīnāṃ śūdrāṇāṃ dharmasādhanam / kārukarma tathā'jīvo pākayajño 'pi dharmataḥ

Service (of others) alone is the means of dharma for śūdras, (the service) of the twice-born; and craftsmen's work as a livelihood, and the pāka-sacrifice too, are (theirs) according to dharma.

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition

GaP 1 49.5

भिक्षाचर्याथ शुश्रूषा गुरोः स्वाध्याय एव च । सन्ध्याकर्माग्निकार्यञ्च धर्मो ऽयं ब्रह्मचारिणः

bhikṣācaryātha śuśrūṣā guroḥ svādhyāya eva ca / sandhyākarmāgnikāryañca dharmo 'yaṃ brahmacāriṇaḥ

Going about for alms, service of the teacher, recitation of one's own Veda, the twilight rites and the fire ritual — this is the dharma of the celibate student.

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition

GaP 1 49.6

सर्वेषामाश्रमाणां च द्वैविध्यं तु चतुर्विधम् । ब्रह्मचार्युपकुर्वाणो नैष्ठिको ब्रह्मतत्परः

sarveṣāmāśramāṇāṃ ca dvaividhyaṃ tu caturvidham / brahmacāryupakurvāṇo naiṣṭhiko brahmatatparaḥ

All the āśramas are of two kinds, (making) fourfold (divisions in each pair): the student is either the upakurvāṇa (temporary) or the naiṣṭhika, intent on brahman.

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition

GaP 1 49.7

यो ऽधीत्य विधिवद्वेदान् गृहस्थाश्रममाव्रजेत् । उपकुर्वाणको ज्ञेयो नैष्ठिको मरणान्तिकः

yo 'dhītya vidhivadvedān gṛhasthāśramamāvrajet / upakurvāṇako jñeyo naiṣṭhiko maraṇāntikaḥ

He who, having studied the Vedas according to rule, goes on to the householder's āśrama is to be known as the upakurvāṇa; the naiṣṭhika (remains a student) until death.

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition

GaP 1 49.8

अग्नयो ऽतिथिशुश्रूषा यज्ञो दानं सुरार्चनम् । गृहस्थस्य समासेन धर्मो ऽयं द्विजसत्तम !

agnayo 'tithiśuśrūṣā yajño dānaṃ surārcanam / gṛhasthasya samāsena dharmo 'yaṃ dvijasattama !

The (sacred) fires, service to guests, sacrifice, giving, and worship of the gods — this, in brief, is the dharma of the householder, O best of the twice-born.

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition

GaP 1 49.9

उदासीनः साधकश्च गृहस्थो द्विविधो भवेत् । कुटुम्बभरणे युक्तः साधको ऽसौ गृही भवेत्

udāsīnaḥ sādhakaśca gṛhastho dvividho bhavet / kuṭumbabharaṇe yuktaḥ sādhako 'sau gṛhī bhavet

The householder is of two kinds: the indifferent one and the practitioner. He who is engaged in maintaining a family, that householder is the practitioner (sādhaka).

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition

GaP 1 49.10

ऋणानि त्रीण्यपाकृत्य त्यक्त्वा भार्याधनादिकम् । एकाकी यस्तु विचरेदुदासीनः स मौक्षिकः

ṛṇāni trīṇyapākṛtya tyaktvā bhāryādhanādikam / ekākī yastu vicaredudāsīnaḥ sa maukṣikaḥ

He who, having discharged the three debts and abandoned wife, wealth and the rest, wanders alone — that indifferent one is bent on liberation.

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition

GaP 1 49.11

भूमौ मूलफलाशित्वं स्वाध्यायस्तप एव च । संविभागो यथान्यायं धर्मो ऽयं वनवासिनः

bhūmau mūlaphalāśitvaṃ svādhyāyastapa eva ca / saṃvibhāgo yathānyāyaṃ dharmo 'yaṃ vanavāsinaḥ

Eating roots and fruits (while living) on the ground, private recitation and austerity, and sharing out (food) as is right — this is the dharma of the forest-dweller.

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition

GaP 1 49.12

तपस्तप्यति यो ऽरण्ये यजेद्देवाञ्जुहोति च । स्वाध्याये चैव निरतो वनस्थस्तापसोत्तमः

tapastapyati yo 'raṇye yajeddevāñjuhoti ca / svādhyāye caiva nirato vanasthastāpasottamaḥ

He who practises austerity in the forest, sacrifices to the gods and makes oblations, and is devoted to recitation of the Veda — that forest-dweller is the best of ascetics.

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition

GaP 1 49.13

तपसा कर्शितो ऽत्यर्थं यस्तु ध्यानपरो भवेत् । सन्यासी स हि विज्ञेयो वानप्रस्थाश्रमे स्थितः

tapasā karśito 'tyarthaṃ yastu dhyānaparo bhavet / sanyāsī sa hi vijñeyo vānaprasthāśrame sthitaḥ

But he who is exceedingly emaciated by austerity and is devoted to meditation — he is to be known as a renouncer, though established in the vānaprastha āśrama.

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition

GaP 1 49.14

योगाभ्यासरतो नित्यमारुरुक्षुर्जितेन्द्रियः । ज्ञानाय वर्तते भुक्षुः प्रोच्यते पारमेष्ठिकः

yogābhyāsarato nityamārurukṣurjitendriyaḥ / jñānāya vartate bhukṣuḥ procyate pārameṣṭhikaḥ

Always devoted to the practice of yoga, aspiring to ascend, with senses conquered, the mendicant who strives for knowledge is called the pārameṣṭhika.

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition

GaP 1 49.15

यस्त्वात्मरतिरेव स्यान्नित्यतृप्तो महामुनिः । सम्यक् च दमसम्पन्नः स योगी भिक्षुरुच्यते

yastvātmaratireva syānnityatṛpto mahāmuniḥ / samyak ca damasampannaḥ sa yogī bhikṣurucyate

But he who delights in the Self alone, ever content, a great sage, and fully endowed with self-restraint — that yogin is called the (true) mendicant.

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition

GaP 1 49.16

भैक्ष्यं श्रुतं च मौनित्वं तपो ध्यानं विशेषतः । सम्यक् च ज्ञानवैराग्यं धर्मो ऽयं भिक्षुके मतः

bhaikṣyaṃ śrutaṃ ca maunitvaṃ tapo dhyānaṃ viśeṣataḥ / samyak ca jñānavairāgyaṃ dharmo 'yaṃ bhikṣuke mataḥ

Living on alms, sacred learning, keeping silence, austerity, and especially meditation, and right knowledge and dispassion — this is held to be the duty of a mendicant.

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition

GaP 1 49.17

ज्ञानसन्यासिनः केचिद्वेदसन्यासिनो ऽपरे । कर्मसन्यासिनः केचित्त्रिविधः पारमेष्ठिकः

jñānasanyāsinaḥ kecidvedasanyāsino 'pare / karmasanyāsinaḥ kecittrividhaḥ pārameṣṭhikaḥ

Some are renouncers through knowledge, others renouncers through the Veda, and some renouncers of action; threefold is the (renunciation) pertaining to the highest state.

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition

GaP 1 49.18

योगी च त्रिविधो ज्ञेयो भौतिकः क्षत्त्र एवच । तृतीयो ऽन्त्याश्रमी प्रोक्तो योगमूर्तिंसमास्थितः

yogī ca trividho jñeyo bhautikaḥ kṣattra evaca / tṛtīyo 'ntyāśramī prokto yogamūrtiṃsamāsthitaḥ

And the yogin is to be known as threefold: the elemental (bhautika), the kṣatra (kṣattra) type, and the third is said to be one in the last stage of life, established in the form of yoga.

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain

GaP 1 49.19

प्रथमा भावना पूर्वे मोक्षे त्वक्ष(दुष्क) रभावना । तृतीये चान्तिमा प्रोक्ता भावना पारमेश्वरी

prathamā bhāvanā pūrve mokṣe tvakṣa(duṣka) rabhāvanā / tṛtīye cāntimā proktā bhāvanā pārameśvarī

For the first, the cultivation (bhāvanā) is (of the first kind); for the (second) there is the cultivation of the difficult (path) in liberation; and in the third the final cultivation is declared, that pertaining to the Supreme Lord.

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain

GaP 1 49.20

धर्मात्संजायते मोक्षो ह्यर्थात्कामो ऽभिजायते । प्रवृत्तिश्च निवृत्तिश्च द्विविधं कर्म वैदिकम्

dharmātsaṃjāyate mokṣo hyarthātkāmo 'bhijāyate / pravṛttiśca nivṛttiśca dvividhaṃ karma vaidikam

From dharma liberation arises, and from wealth desire is born; Vedic action is twofold: active (pravṛtti) and cessative (nivṛtti).

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition

GaP 1 49.21

ज्ञानं पूर्वं निवृत्तं स्यात्प्रवृत्तं चाग्निदेवकृत् । क्षमा दमो दया दानमलोभा (भो) भ्यास एव च

jñānaṃ pūrvaṃ nivṛttaṃ syātpravṛttaṃ cāgnidevakṛt / kṣamā damo dayā dānamalobhā (bho) bhyāsa eva ca

Knowledge is the former, the cessative; the active is that which involves fire and the gods. Patience, self-control, compassion, giving, freedom from greed, and practice,

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition

GaP 1 49.22

आर्जवं चान्सूया च तीर्थानुसरणं तथा । सत्यं संतोष आस्तिक्यं तथा चेन्द्रियनिग्रहः

ārjavaṃ cānsūyā ca tīrthānusaraṇaṃ tathā / satyaṃ saṃtoṣa āstikyaṃ tathā cendriyanigrahaḥ

uprightness and absence of envy, and likewise visiting sacred places, truth, contentment, faith (in the scriptures), and restraint of the senses,

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition

GaP 1 49.23

देवताभ्यर्चनं पूजा ब्राह्मणानां विशेषतः । अहिंसा प्रियवादित्वमपैशुन्यमरूक्षता

devatābhyarcanaṃ pūjā brāhmaṇānāṃ viśeṣataḥ / ahiṃsā priyavāditvamapaiśunyamarūkṣatā

worship of the deities, honouring of brahmins especially, non-injury, speaking kindly, freedom from slander, and gentleness —

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition

GaP 1 49.24

एते आश्रमिका धर्माश्चतुर्वर्ण्यं बवीम्यतः । प्राजापत्यं ब्राह्मणानां स्मृतं स्थानं क्रियावताम्

ete āśramikā dharmāścaturvarṇyaṃ bavīmyataḥ / prājāpatyaṃ brāhmaṇānāṃ smṛtaṃ sthānaṃ kriyāvatām

these are the duties of those in the (four) stages of life; now I shall speak of the four classes. For brahmins who perform the rites the station of Prajāpati is recorded.

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition

GaP 1 49.25

स्थानमैन्द्रं क्षत्त्रियाणां संग्रामेष्वपलायिनाम् । वैश्यानां मारुतं स्थानं स्वधरममनुवर्तताम्

sthānamaindraṃ kṣattriyāṇāṃ saṃgrāmeṣvapalāyinām / vaiśyānāṃ mārutaṃ sthānaṃ svadharamamanuvartatām

The station of Indra (is) for kṣatriyas who do not flee in battles; the station of the Maruts for vaiśyas who follow their own duty;

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition

GaP 1 49.26

गान्धर्वं शूद्रजातीनां परिचारे च वर्तताम् । अष्टाशीतिसहस्राणामृषीणामूर्ध्वरेतसाम्

gāndharvaṃ śūdrajātīnāṃ paricāre ca vartatām / aṣṭāśītisahasrāṇāmṛṣīṇāmūrdhvaretasām

the gandharva (station) for those of śūdra birth who abide in service. Of the eighty-eight thousand seers whose seed flows upward,

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition

GaP 1 49.27

स्मृतं तेषां तु यत्स्थानं तदेव वन (गुरु) वासिनाम् । सप्तर्षीणां तु यत्स्थानं स्थानं तद्वै वनौकसाम्

smṛtaṃ teṣāṃ tu yatsthānaṃ tadeva vana (guru) vāsinām / saptarṣīṇāṃ tu yatsthānaṃ sthānaṃ tadvai vanaukasām

whatever station is recorded for them, that same (is) for the forest-dwellers; and the station that belongs to the seven seers, that indeed (is) for those who dwell in the woods.

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition

GaP 1 49.28

यतीनां यतचित्तानां न्यासिनामूर्ध्वरेतसाम् । आनन्दं ब्रह्म तत्स्थानं यस्मान्नावर्तते मुनिः

yatīnāṃ yatacittānāṃ nyāsināmūrdhvaretasām / ānandaṃ brahma tatsthānaṃ yasmānnāvartate muniḥ

For ascetics of restrained mind, for renouncers whose seed flows upward, that station is Brahman, which is bliss, from which the sage does not return.

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition

GaP 1 49.29

योगिनाममृतस्थानं व्योमाख्यं परमाक्षरम् । आनन्दमैश्वरं यस्मान्मुक्तो नावर्तते नरः

yogināmamṛtasthānaṃ vyomākhyaṃ paramākṣaram / ānandamaiśvaraṃ yasmānmukto nāvartate naraḥ

For yogins (there is) the immortal station called the sky (vyoman), the supreme imperishable, blissful, belonging to the Lord, from which the liberated man does not return.

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition

GaP 1 49.30

मुक्तिरष्टाङ्गविज्ञानात्संक्षेपात्तद्वदे शृणु । यमाः पञ्च त्वहिंसाद्या अहिंसा प्राण्यहिंसनम्

muktiraṣṭāṅgavijñānātsaṃkṣepāttadvade śṛṇu / yamāḥ pañca tvahiṃsādyā ahiṃsā prāṇyahiṃsanam

Liberation (comes) from the knowledge of the eight limbs; hear that told in brief. The restraints (yama) are five, beginning with non-injury: non-injury is not harming living beings;

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition

GaP 1 49.31

सत्यं भूतहितं वाक्यमस्तेयं स्वाग्रहं परम् । अमैथुनं ब्रह्मचर्यं सर्वत्यागो ऽपरिग्रहः

satyaṃ bhūtahitaṃ vākyamasteyaṃ svāgrahaṃ param / amaithunaṃ brahmacaryaṃ sarvatyāgo 'parigrahaḥ

truth is speech beneficial to beings; non-stealing is the utmost avoidance of seizing another's (property); abstention from intercourse is chastity; renunciation of everything is non-possession.

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition

GaP 1 49.32

नियमाः पञ्च सत्याद्या बाह्ममाभ्यन्तरं द्विधा । शौचं तुष्टिश्च सन्तोषस्तपश्चोन्द्रियनिग्रहः

niyamāḥ pañca satyādyā bāhmamābhyantaraṃ dvidhā / śaucaṃ tuṣṭiśca santoṣastapaścondriyanigrahaḥ

The observances (niyama) are five, beginning with truth (purity): purity is twofold, outer and inner; purity, satisfaction (i.e. contentment), austerity, and restraint of the senses;

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain

GaP 1 49.33

स्वाध्यायः स्यान्मन्त्रजापः प्रणिधानं हरेर्यजिः । आसनं पद्मकाद्युक्तं प्राणायामो मरुज्जयः

svādhyāyaḥ syānmantrajāpaḥ praṇidhānaṃ hareryajiḥ / āsanaṃ padmakādyuktaṃ prāṇāyāmo marujjayaḥ

self-study is the muttering of mantras; devoted surrender is the worship of Hari; posture is that joined with the lotus and other (postures); breath-control is the conquest of the wind.

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition

GaP 1 49.34

मन्त्रध्यान तो गर्भो विपरीतो ह्यगर्भकः । एवं द्विधा त्रिधाप्युक्तं पुरणात्पूरकः स च

mantradhyāna to garbho viparīto hyagarbhakaḥ / evaṃ dvidhā tridhāpyuktaṃ puraṇātpūrakaḥ sa ca

With mantra and meditation it is 'with seed' (garbha); the reverse is 'without seed' (agarbhaka). Thus it is stated as twofold and also as threefold: from filling, it is the fill-breath (pūraka);

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain

GaP 1 49.35

कुम्भको निश्चलत्वाच्च रेचनाद्रेचकस्त्रिधा । लघुर्द्वादशमात्रः स्याच्चतुर्विंशतिकः परः

kumbhako niścalatvācca recanādrecakastridhā / laghurdvādaśamātraḥ syāccaturviṃśatikaḥ paraḥ

from being motionless, the retention (kumbhaka); from emptying, the out-breath (recaka) — thus threefold. The light one would be of twelve measures, the next of twenty-four.

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition

GaP 1 49.36

षट्त्रिंशन्मात्रिकः श्रेष्ठः प्रत्याहारश्च रोधनम् । ब्रह्मात्मचिन्ता ध्यानं स्याद्धारणा मनसो धृतिः

ṣaṭtriṃśanmātrikaḥ śreṣṭhaḥ pratyāhāraśca rodhanam / brahmātmacintā dhyānaṃ syāddhāraṇā manaso dhṛtiḥ

(Kumbhaka) of thirty-six measures is the best; and pratyāhāra is the restraining (of the senses). Meditation is the thought of Brahman as the self; dhāraṇā is the holding steady of the mind.

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition

GaP 1 49.37

अहं ब्रह्मेत्यवस्थानं समाधिर्ब्रह्मणः स्थितिः । अहमात्मा परं ब्रह्म सत्यं ज्ञानमनन्तकम्

ahaṃ brahmetyavasthānaṃ samādhirbrahmaṇaḥ sthitiḥ / ahamātmā paraṃ brahma satyaṃ jñānamanantakam

Samādhi is abiding in "I am Brahman"; it is the standing firm in Brahman. "I am the self, the supreme Brahman, real, knowledge, without end."

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition

GaP 1 49.38

ब्रह्म विज्ञानमानन्दः स तत्त्वमसि केवलम् । अहं ब्रह्मास्म्यहं ब्रह्म अशरीरमानिन्द्रियम्

brahma vijñānamānandaḥ sa tattvamasi kevalam / ahaṃ brahmāsmyahaṃ brahma aśarīramānindriyam

"Brahman is discernment, bliss; that you are, alone. I am Brahman, I am Brahman, bodiless, without senses,

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition

GaP 1 49.39

अहंमनोबुद्धिमहदहङ्कारादिवर्जितम् । जाग्रत्स्वप्नसुषुप्त्यादियुक्तज्योतिस्तदीयकम्

ahaṃmanobuddhimahadahaṅkārādivarjitam / jāgratsvapnasuṣuptyādiyuktajyotistadīyakam

free of the I, mind, intellect, the great (principle), egoity, and the rest; that light of it, which is joined with waking, dream, deep sleep and so on,

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain

GaP 1 49.40

नित्यं शुद्धं बुद्धमुक्तं सत्यमानन्दमद्वयम् । यो ऽसावादित्यपुरुषः सो ऽसावहमखण्डितम् । इति ध्यायन्विमुच्येत् ब्राह्मणो भवबन्धनात्

nityaṃ śuddhaṃ buddhamuktaṃ satyamānandamadvayam / yo 'sāvādityapuruṣaḥ so 'sāvahamakhaṇḍitam / iti dhyāyanvimucyet brāhmaṇo bhavabandhanāt

eternal, pure, awake, freed, real, blissful, without a second. That person who is in the sun, that am I, undivided." Meditating thus, a brāhmaṇa would be released from the bondage of existence.

AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition