Garuda Purana — Purva Khanda — Chapter 164
GaP 1 164.1
श्रीगरुडमहापुराणम्- १६४ धन्वन्तरिरुवाच । मिथ्याहारविहारेण विशेषेण विरोधिना । साधुनिन्दावधाद्युद्धहरणाद्यैश्च सेवितैः
śrīgaruḍamahāpurāṇam- 164 dhanvantariruvāca / mithyāhāravihāreṇa viśeṣeṇa virodhinā / sādhunindāvadhādyuddhaharaṇādyaiśca sevitaiḥ
The Garuḍa Mahāpurāṇa, 164. Dhanvantari said: By wrong diet and wrong conduct, especially by what is incompatible, and by practising such things as slander and murder of good men, warfare and robbery,
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
GaP 1 164.2
पाप्मभिः कर्मभिः सद्यः प्राक्तनैः प्रेरितामलाः । शिराः प्रपद्य तैर्युक्तास्त्वग्वसारक्तमामिषम्
pāpmabhiḥ karmabhiḥ sadyaḥ prāktanaiḥ preritāmalāḥ / śirāḥ prapadya tairyuktāstvagvasāraktamāmiṣam
by sinful acts, at once, the impurities, driven on by former (deeds), enter the vessels, and joined with them (they reach) skin, fat, blood and flesh,
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
GaP 1 164.3
दूषयन्ति च संशोष्य निश्चरन्तस्ततो बहिः । त्वचः कुर्वान्ति वैवर्ण्यं शिष्टाः कुष्ठमुशन्तितम्
dūṣayanti ca saṃśoṣya niścarantastato bahiḥ / tvacaḥ kurvānti vaivarṇyaṃ śiṣṭāḥ kuṣṭhamuśantitam
and they vitiate (them), drying (them) up; then, moving out to the outside, they cause discolouration of the skin; the rest of it they call kuṣṭha.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
GaP 1 164.4
कालेनोपेक्षितं यत्स्यात्सर्वं कोष्ठानि तद्वपुः । प्रपद्य धातून्बाह्यान्तः सर्वान्संक्लेद्य चावहेत्
kālenopekṣitaṃ yatsyātsarvaṃ koṣṭhāni tadvapuḥ / prapadya dhātūnbāhyāntaḥ sarvānsaṃkledya cāvahet
Whatever has been neglected over time — all that (disorder), having reached the body's cavities, and having soaked all the tissues, outer and inner, would bring on
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
GaP 1 164.5
सस्वेदक्लेदसङ्कोचान्कृमीन् सूक्ष्मांश्चदारुणान् । लोमत्वक्स्नायुधमनीराक्रामति यथाक्रमम्
sasvedakledasaṅkocānkṛmīn sūkṣmāṃścadāruṇān / lomatvaksnāyudhamanīrākrāmati yathākramam
sweating, sogginess, contractions, and worms, minute and dreadful; and it invades hair, skin, sinew, and vessels in due order.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
GaP 1 164.6
भस्माच्छादितवत्कुर्याद्बाह्यं कुष्ठमुदाहृतम् । कुष्ठानि सप्तधा दोषैः पृथग्द्वन्द्वैः समागतैः
bhasmācchāditavatkuryādbāhyaṃ kuṣṭhamudāhṛtam / kuṣṭhāni saptadhā doṣaiḥ pṛthagdvandvaiḥ samāgataiḥ
It would make (the skin) as if covered with ashes: that is declared to be external kuṣṭha. The kuṣṭhas are sevenfold, by the doṣas singly, in pairs, and all combined.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
GaP 1 164.7
सर्वेष्वपि त्रिदोषेषु व्यपदेशो ऽधिकस्ततः । वातेन कुष्ठं कापालं पित्तेनौदुम्बरं कफात्
sarveṣvapi tridoṣeṣu vyapadeśo 'dhikastataḥ / vātena kuṣṭhaṃ kāpālaṃ pittenaudumbaraṃ kaphāt
Although in all of them all three doṣas are present, the naming follows the one that is predominant. From wind (arises) the kuṣṭha called kāpāla; from bile, audumbara; from phlegm,
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
GaP 1 164.8
मण्डलाख्यं विचर्चो च ऋष्याख्यं वातपित्तजम् । चर्मैककुष्ठं किटिमं सिध्मालसविपादिकाः
maṇḍalākhyaṃ vicarco ca ṛṣyākhyaṃ vātapittajam / carmaikakuṣṭhaṃ kiṭimaṃ sidhmālasavipādikāḥ
the one named maṇḍala; and vicarcikā and the one called ṛṣya(jihva) are born of wind and bile; carma, ekakuṣṭha, kiṭibha, sidhma, alasa and vipādikā
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
GaP 1 164.9
वातश्लेष्मोद्भवाः श्लेष्मपित्ताद्दद्रूशतारुषी । पुण्डरीकं सविस्फोटं पामा चर्मदलं तथा
vātaśleṣmodbhavāḥ śleṣmapittāddadrūśatāruṣī / puṇḍarīkaṃ savisphoṭaṃ pāmā carmadalaṃ tathā
arise from wind and phlegm; from phlegm and bile (arise) dadru, śatāru, aruṣī, puṇḍarīka together with visphoṭa, pāmā, and likewise carmadala.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
GaP 1 164.10
सर्वेभ्यः काकणं पूर्वत्रिकं दद्रु सकाकणम् । पुण्डरीकर्यजिह्वे च महाकुष्ठानि सप्त तु
sarvebhyaḥ kākaṇaṃ pūrvatrikaṃ dadru sakākaṇam / puṇḍarīkaryajihve ca mahākuṣṭhāni sapta tu
Kākaṇa (arises) from all (the humours); the first three (arise) from the (three humours respectively); dadru together with kākaṇa; and puṇḍarīka and ṛṣyajihva — these are the seven great leprosies.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
GaP 1 164.11
अतिश्लक्ष्णखरस्पर्शस्वेदास्वेदविवर्णताः । दाहः कण्डूस्त्वचि स्वापस्तोदः कोचोन्नतिस्तमः
atiślakṣṇakharasparśasvedāsvedavivarṇatāḥ / dāhaḥ kaṇḍūstvaci svāpastodaḥ koconnatistamaḥ
Excessive smoothness or roughness to the touch, sweating or absence of sweating, discolouration, burning, itching in the skin, numbness, pricking pain, contraction, elevation, darkening —
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
GaP 1 164.12
व्रणानामधिकं शूलं शीघ्रोत्पत्तिश्चिरस्थितिः । रूढानामपि रूक्षत्वं निमित्ते ऽल्पे ऽतिकोपनम्
vraṇānāmadhikaṃ śūlaṃ śīghrotpattiścirasthitiḥ / rūḍhānāmapi rūkṣatvaṃ nimitte 'lpe 'tikopanam
excessive stabbing pain in the sores, their quick appearance and long persistence, dryness even of those that have healed, and violent inflammation from a slight cause,
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
GaP 1 164.13
रोमहर्षो ऽसृजः कार्ष्ण्यं कुष्ठलक्षणमग्रजम् । कृष्णारुणकपालाभं यद्रूक्षं परुषं तनु
romaharṣo 'sṛjaḥ kārṣṇyaṃ kuṣṭhalakṣaṇamagrajam / kṛṣṇāruṇakapālābhaṃ yadrūkṣaṃ paruṣaṃ tanu
bristling of the hair, blackness of the blood — these are the premonitory signs of leprosy. That which is black-reddish, like a potsherd in appearance, dry, harsh, thin,
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
GaP 1 164.14
विस्तृताकृतिपर्यस्तन्दूषितैर्लोमभिश्चितम् । कापालं तोदबहुलं तत्कुष्ठं विषमं स्मृतम्
vistṛtākṛtiparyastandūṣitairlomabhiścitam / kāpālaṃ todabahulaṃ tatkuṣṭhaṃ viṣamaṃ smṛtam
spread out in shape, with edges turned about, thick with damaged hairs — that leprosy is the 'potsherd' (kāpāla) kind, full of pricking pain, and is held to be intractable.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
GaP 1 164.15
उदुम्बरफलाभासं कुष्ठमौदुम्बरं वदेत् । वर्तुलं बहुलकेत्युक्तं दाहरुजाधिकम्
udumbaraphalābhāsaṃ kuṣṭhamaudumbaraṃ vadet / vartulaṃ bahulaketyuktaṃ dāharujādhikam
The leprosy that has the appearance of an udumbara fruit one should call audumbara; it is said to be round, with many (patches?), and marked by excessive burning and pain.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
GaP 1 164.16
असंच्छन्नमदरणं कृमिवत्स्यादुदुम्बरम् । स्थिरं सत्यानं गुरु स्निग्धं श्वेतरक्तं मलान्वितम्
asaṃcchannamadaraṇaṃ kṛmivatsyādudumbaram / sthiraṃ satyānaṃ guru snigdhaṃ śvetaraktaṃ malānvitam
Not covered over, without cracks (?), with worms — such would be the udumbara (type). Firm, coherent, heavy, unctuous, white-red, attended with discharge,
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
GaP 1 164.17
अन्योन्यसक्तपुच्छूनबहुकण्डूस्नुतिकृमि । श्लक्ष्णपीताभासंयुक्तं मण्डलं परिकीर्तितम्
anyonyasaktapucchūnabahukaṇḍūsnutikṛmi / ślakṣṇapītābhāsaṃyuktaṃ maṇḍalaṃ parikīrtitam
with (patches) whose ends cling to one another, swollen, with much itching, oozing and worms, and joined with a smooth yellowish appearance — this is declared to be maṇḍala (the circular type).
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
GaP 1 164.18
सकण्डूपिटिका श्यावा सक्लेदा च विचर्चिका । परुषन्तत्ररक्तान्तमन्तः श्यामं समुन्नतम्
sakaṇḍūpiṭikā śyāvā sakledā ca vicarcikā / paruṣantatraraktāntamantaḥ śyāmaṃ samunnatam
Vicarcikā has pustules with itching, is brownish-black and moist. Harsh there, red at the edges, dark within, raised up —
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
GaP 1 164.19
ऋष्यजिह्वाकृतिप्रोक्तं ऋष्यजिह्वं बहुक्रिमि । हस्तिचर्मखरस्पर्शं चर्माख्यं कुष्ठमुच्यते
ṛṣyajihvākṛtiproktaṃ ṛṣyajihvaṃ bahukrimi / hasticarmakharasparśaṃ carmākhyaṃ kuṣṭhamucyate
the type said to have the shape of a stag's tongue is ṛṣyajihva, with many worms. The leprosy called carma is (rough) like elephant hide, harsh to the touch.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
GaP 1 164.20
अस्वेदञ्चमत्स्यशल्कसन्निभं किटिमं पुनः । रूक्षाग्निवर्णं दुः स्पर्शं कण्डूमत्परुषासितम्
asvedañcamatsyaśalkasannibhaṃ kiṭimaṃ punaḥ / rūkṣāgnivarṇaṃ duḥ sparśaṃ kaṇḍūmatparuṣāsitam
And kiṭima again is without sweat, resembling fish scales, dry, fire-coloured, unpleasant to touch, itchy, harsh and dark.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
GaP 1 164.21
अन्ता रूक्षं बहिः स्निग्धमन्तर्घृष्टं रजः किरेत् । श्लक्ष्णस्पर्शं तनु स्निग्धं स्वच्छमस्वेदपुष्पवत्
antā rūkṣaṃ bahiḥ snigdhamantarghṛṣṭaṃ rajaḥ kiret / ślakṣṇasparśaṃ tanu snigdhaṃ svacchamasvedapuṣpavat
Dry within, unctuous outside; when rubbed within it scatters dust; smooth to the touch, thin, unctuous, clear, sweatless, like a flower,
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
GaP 1 164.22
प्रायेण चोर्ध्वकार्श्यञ्च कुण्डैः कण्डूपरैश्चितम् । रक्तैरलंशुका पाणिपादे कुर्याद्विपादिका
prāyeṇa cordhvakārśyañca kuṇḍaiḥ kaṇḍūparaiścitam / raktairalaṃśukā pāṇipāde kuryādvipādikā
and generally with emaciation of the upper (body), covered with lumps attended by itching; when (these are) red, (it is) alaśa (?); vipādikā would arise on the hands and feet.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
GaP 1 164.23
तीव्रार्तिं गाढकण्डूञ्च सरागपिडिकाचितम् । दीर्घप्रतानदूर्वावदतसीकुसुमच्छवि
tīvrārtiṃ gāḍhakaṇḍūñca sarāgapiḍikācitam / dīrghapratānadūrvāvadatasīkusumacchavi
Causing sharp pain and intense itching, covered with reddened pustules, with long-spreading (patches) like dūrvā grass, having the hue of a flax flower,
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
GaP 1 164.24
उच्छूनमण्डलो दद्रुः कण्डूमानिति कथ्यते । स्थूलमूलं सदाहार्ति रक्तस्त्रावं बहुव्रणम्
ucchūnamaṇḍalo dadruḥ kaṇḍūmāniti kathyate / sthūlamūlaṃ sadāhārti raktastrāvaṃ bahuvraṇam
with swollen circular patches — that is called dadru, attended with itching. With a thick base, with burning and pain, with a red discharge, with many sores,
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
GaP 1 164.25
सादहकक्लेदरुजं प्रायशः सर्वजन्म च । रक्ताक्तमण्डलं पाण्डु कण्डूदाहरुजान्वितम्
sādahakakledarujaṃ prāyaśaḥ sarvajanma ca / raktāktamaṇḍalaṃ pāṇḍu kaṇḍūdāharujānvitam
with sinking (of strength), burning, moisture and pain, and mostly arising from all (the humours). A pale patch smeared with red, attended with itching, burning and pain,
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
GaP 1 164.26
सोत्सेधमाचितं रक्तैः कञ्जपर्णमिवाम्बुभिः । पुण्डरीकं भवेत्तद्धि चितं स्फोटैः सितारुणैः
sotsedhamācitaṃ raktaiḥ kañjaparṇamivāmbubhiḥ / puṇḍarīkaṃ bhavettaddhi citaṃ sphoṭaiḥ sitāruṇaiḥ
raised up, covered with red (spots) like a lotus leaf with water-drops — that would be puṇḍarīka, for it is thick with white-red blisters.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
GaP 1 164.27
विस्फोटपिटिका पामा कण्डूक्लेदरुजान्विताः । सूक्ष्मा श्यामारुणा रूक्षा प्रायः स्फिक्पाणिकूर्परे
visphoṭapiṭikā pāmā kaṇḍūkledarujānvitāḥ / sūkṣmā śyāmāruṇā rūkṣā prāyaḥ sphikpāṇikūrpare
Pāmā consists of blister-like pustules attended with itching, moisture and pain, small, dark-red, dry, mostly on the buttocks, hands and elbows.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
GaP 1 164.28
सस्फोटसंस्पर्शसहं कण्डूरक्तातिदाहवत् । रक्तदलं चर्मदलं काकणं तीव्रदाहरुक्
sasphoṭasaṃsparśasahaṃ kaṇḍūraktātidāhavat / raktadalaṃ carmadalaṃ kākaṇaṃ tīvradāharuk
That which has blisters, cannot bear being touched, has itching, redness and excessive burning, and reddish flakes — (that is) carmadala; kākaṇa has fierce burning pain.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
GaP 1 164.29
पूर्वरक्तञ्च कृष्णञ्च काकणं त्रिफलोपमम् । कृष्णलिङ्गैर्युतैः सर्वैः स्वस्वकारणतो भवेत्
pūrvaraktañca kṛṣṇañca kākaṇaṃ triphalopamam / kṛṣṇaliṅgairyutaiḥ sarvaiḥ svasvakāraṇato bhavet
Kākaṇa is red at first and then black, resembling the guñjā fruit (?). With black signs joined to all (the rest), it arises each from its own cause.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
GaP 1 164.30
दोषभेदाय विहितैरादिशेल्लिङ्गकर्मभिः । कुष्ठस्वदोषानुगतं सर्वदोषगतं त्यजेत्
doṣabhedāya vihitairādiśelliṅgakarmabhiḥ / kuṣṭhasvadoṣānugataṃ sarvadoṣagataṃ tyajet
By the signs and effects laid down for distinguishing the doṣas one should determine (the disease); (curable is) the kuṣṭha that follows its own single doṣa, but that which has spread to all the doṣas one should give up.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
GaP 1 164.31
कुष्ठोक्तं यच्च यच्चास्थिमज्जाशुक्रसमाश्रयम् । कृच्छ्रं मेदोमतञ्चैव याप्यं स्नाप्वास्थिमांसगम्
kuṣṭhoktaṃ yacca yaccāsthimajjāśukrasamāśrayam / kṛcchraṃ medomatañcaiva yāpyaṃ snāpvāsthimāṃsagam
That which is (merely) called kuṣṭha, and that which is lodged in bone, marrow and semen, is hard (to cure); and that reckoned as in the fat; that which has gone to sinew, bone and flesh is only to be palliated.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
GaP 1 164.32
अकृच्छ्रं कफवातोत्थं त्वग्गतं त्वमलञ्च यत् । तत्र त्वचि स्थिते कष्ठे काये वैवर्ण्यरूक्षाता
akṛcchraṃ kaphavātotthaṃ tvaggataṃ tvamalañca yat / tatra tvaci sthite kaṣṭhe kāye vaivarṇyarūkṣātā
Not hard (to cure) is that which arises from kapha and vāta, is situated in the skin, and is free of impurity. There, when the kuṣṭha is seated in the skin, there is discolouration and roughness of the body.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
GaP 1 164.33
स्वेदतापश्वयथवः शोणिते पिशिते पुनः । पाणिपादाश्रिताः स्फोटाः क्लेशात्सन्धिषु चाधिकम्
svedatāpaśvayathavaḥ śoṇite piśite punaḥ / pāṇipādāśritāḥ sphoṭāḥ kleśātsandhiṣu cādhikam
Sweating, heat and swellings (occur) when it is in the blood; when in the flesh, again, blisters lodged on the hands and feet, and greater distress in the joints.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
GaP 1 164.34
दोषस्याभीक्ष्णयोगेन दलनं स्याच्च मेदसि । नातिसंज्ञास्ति मज्जास्थिनेत्रवेगस्वरक्ष्यः
doṣasyābhīkṣṇayogena dalanaṃ syācca medasi / nātisaṃjñāsti majjāsthinetravegasvarakṣyaḥ
By the repeated conjunction of the doṣa there is cracking (of the skin) when it is in the fat; when in marrow and bone there is no clear awareness, and destruction of the eyes, of the (bodily) urges, and of the voice.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
GaP 1 164.35
क्षते च क्रिमिभिः शुक्रे स्वदारापत्यबाधनम् । यथापूर्वाणि सर्वाणि स्वलिङ्गानि मृगादिषु
kṣate ca krimibhiḥ śukre svadārāpatyabādhanam / yathāpūrvāṇi sarvāṇi svaliṅgāni mṛgādiṣu
And in an ulcer (it goes) with worms; when in the semen, there is affliction of one's own wife and offspring; all the characteristic signs are as before in the case of deer and the like.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
GaP 1 164.36
कष्ठैकसम्भवं श्वित्रं किलासं दारुणं भवेत् । निर्दिष्टमपरिस्त्रावि त्रिधातूद्भवसंश्रयम्
kaṣṭhaikasambhavaṃ śvitraṃ kilāsaṃ dāruṇaṃ bhavet / nirdiṣṭamaparistrāvi tridhātūdbhavasaṃśrayam
Śvitra, arising from kuṣṭha alone, becomes the dreadful kilāsa; it is declared to be non-oozing and to have its seat in the arising of the three dhātus.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
GaP 1 164.37
वाताद्रूक्षारुणं पित्तात्ताम्रं कमलपत्रवत् । सदाहं रोमविध्वंसि कफाच्छ्वेतं घन गुरु
vātādrūkṣāruṇaṃ pittāttāmraṃ kamalapatravat / sadāhaṃ romavidhvaṃsi kaphācchvetaṃ ghana guru
From vāta it is rough and reddish; from pitta coppery like a lotus leaf, with burning, destroying the hair; from kapha white, dense and heavy,
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
GaP 1 164.38
सकण्डूरं क्रमाद्रक्तमांसमेदः सु चादिशेत् । वर्णेनैवेदृगुभयं कृच्छ्रं तच्चोत्तरोत्तरम्
sakaṇḍūraṃ kramādraktamāṃsamedaḥ su cādiśet / varṇenaivedṛgubhayaṃ kṛcchraṃ taccottarottaram
and with itching. In order one should assign (these) to blood, flesh and fat; by its colour alone it is of both kinds; and it is progressively harder (to cure), each after the other.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
GaP 1 164.39
अशुक्लरोमबहुलमसंश्लिष्टं मिथो नवम् । अनग्निदग्धजं साध्यं श्वित्रं वर्ज्यमतो ऽन्यथा
aśuklaromabahulamasaṃśliṣṭaṃ mitho navam / anagnidagdhajaṃ sādhyaṃ śvitraṃ varjyamato 'nyathā
Śvitra that is not full of white hairs, not run together with one another, recent, and not produced by a burn, is curable; otherwise it is to be given up.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
GaP 1 164.40
गुह्यपाणितलौष्ठेषु जातमप्यचिरन्तरम् । वर्जनीयं विशेषेण किलासं सिद्धिमिच्छिता
guhyapāṇitalauṣṭheṣu jātamapyacirantaram / varjanīyaṃ viśeṣeṇa kilāsaṃ siddhimicchitā
Kilāsa that has appeared on the genitals, the palms of the hands and the lips, even if not of long standing, is especially to be avoided by one who wishes for success (in treatment).
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
GaP 1 164.41
स्पर्शैकाहारसंगादिसेवनात्प्रायशो गदाः । एकशय्यासनाच्चैव वस्त्रमाल्यानुलेपनात्
sparśaikāhārasaṃgādisevanātprāyaśo gadāḥ / ekaśayyāsanāccaiva vastramālyānulepanāt
Diseases (spread) for the most part from touch, from eating together, from close company and the like, and from the same bed and seat, and from clothes, garlands and ointments.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition