Agni Purana — Chapter 353
AgP 353.1
:ए इत्य् आग्नेये महापुराणे व्याकरणे नपुंसकशब्दसिद्धरूपं नाम द्विपञ्चाशदधिकत्रिशततमो ऽध्यायः :प् २५० छप्तेर् {३५३} :श् अथ त्रिपञ्चाशदधिकत्रिशततमो ऽध्यायः कारकं सुकन्द उवाच कारकं सम्प्रवक्ष्यामि विभक्त्यर्थसमन्वितं ग्रामो ऽस्ति हेमहार्केह नौमि विष्णुं श्रिया सह
:e ity āgneye mahāpurāṇe vyākaraṇe napuṃsakaśabdasiddharūpaṃ nāma dvipañcāśadadhikatriśatatamo 'dhyāyaḥ :p 250 chapter {353} :ś atha tripañcāśadadhikatriśatatamo 'dhyāyaḥ kārakaṃ sukanda uvāca kārakaṃ sampravakṣyāmi vibhaktyarthasamanvitaṃ grāmo 'sti hemahārkeha naumi viṣṇuṃ śriyā saha
Thus in the Āgneya Mahāpurāṇa, in (the section on) grammar, the chapter named 'The established forms of neuter words', the three hundred fifty-second chapter. Now the three hundred fifty-third chapter: the kāraka (case-relations). Skanda said: I shall expound the kāraka, together with the meanings of the case endings. 'There is a village'; 'gold-taking here'(?); 'I praise Viṣṇu together with Śrī'.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
AgP 353.2
स्वतन्त्रः कर्ता विद्यान्तं कृतिनः समुपासते हेतुकर्तालम्भयते हितं वै कर्मकर्तरि
svatantraḥ kartā vidyāntaṃ kṛtinaḥ samupāsate hetukartālambhayate hitaṃ vai karmakartari
The agent is the independent one: 'the accomplished ones attend upon the goal of knowledge'. The causal agent: 'he causes (it) to be taken' — and (there is) benefit indeed in the karmakartṛ (construction).
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
AgP 353.3
स्वयं भिद्येत् प्राकृतधीः स्वयञ्च छिद्यते तरुः कर्ताभिहित उत्तमः कर्तानभिहितो ऽधमः
svayaṃ bhidyet prākṛtadhīḥ svayañca chidyate taruḥ kartābhihita uttamaḥ kartānabhihito 'dhamaḥ
'One of ordinary intellect would break of himself'; and 'the tree is cut of itself'. The agent when expressed (by the verbal ending) is primary; the agent when not expressed is subordinate.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
AgP 353.4
कर्तानभिहितो धर्मः शिष्ये व्याख्यायते यथा कर्ता पञ्चविधः प्रोक्तः कर्म सप्तविधं शृणु
kartānabhihito dharmaḥ śiṣye vyākhyāyate yathā kartā pañcavidhaḥ proktaḥ karma saptavidhaṃ śṛṇu
The agent unexpressed: as in 'the dharma is expounded to the pupil'. The agent has been declared to be of five kinds; now hear the object, which is sevenfold.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
AgP 353.5
ईप्सितं कर्म च यथा श्रद्दधाति हरिं यतिः अनीप्सितं कर्म यथा अहिं लङ्घयते भृशं
īpsitaṃ karma ca yathā śraddadhāti hariṃ yatiḥ anīpsitaṃ karma yathā ahiṃ laṅghayate bhṛśaṃ
And the desired object, as: 'the ascetic puts his faith in Hari'. The undesired object, as: 'he steps right over a snake'.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
AgP 353.6
नैवेप्सितं नानीप्सितं दुग्धं सम्भक्ष्यन्रजः भक्ष्येद्प्यकथितं गोपालो दोग्धि गां पयः
naivepsitaṃ nānīpsitaṃ dugdhaṃ sambhakṣyanrajaḥ bhakṣyedpyakathitaṃ gopālo dogdhi gāṃ payaḥ
Neither desired nor undesired: 'while consuming milk he would eat dust'(?). And the unmentioned (akathita) object: 'the cowherd milks milk from the cow'.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
AgP 353.7
कर्तृकर्माथ गमयेच्छिष्यं ग्रामं गुरुर्यथा कर्म चाभिहितं पूजा क्रियते वै श्रिये हरेः
kartṛkarmātha gamayecchiṣyaṃ grāmaṃ gururyathā karma cābhihitaṃ pūjā kriyate vai śriye hareḥ
Then the agent-as-object: as 'the teacher makes the pupil go to the village'. And the object expressed: 'worship of Hari is performed for Śrī'.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
AgP 353.8
कर्मानभिहितं स्तोत्रं हरेः कुर्यात् सर्वदं करणं द्विविधं प्रोक्तं वाह्यमभ्यन्तरं तथा
karmānabhihitaṃ stotraṃ hareḥ kuryāt sarvadaṃ karaṇaṃ dvividhaṃ proktaṃ vāhyamabhyantaraṃ tathā
The object unexpressed: 'one should make all-bestowing praise of Hari'. The instrument is declared twofold: external and likewise internal.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
AgP 353.9
चक्षुषा रूपं गृह्णीति वाह्यं दात्रेण तल्लुनेत् सम्प्रदानं त्रिधा प्रोक्तं प्रेरकं ब्राह्मणाय गां
cakṣuṣā rūpaṃ gṛhṇīti vāhyaṃ dātreṇa tallunet sampradānaṃ tridhā proktaṃ prerakaṃ brāhmaṇāya gāṃ
'He grasps form with the eye' (internal); the external: 'he would cut that with a sickle'. The recipient (sampradāna) is declared threefold: the impelling one — '(he gives) a cow to a brahmin'.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
AgP 353.10
:प् २५१ नरो ददापि नृपतये दासन्तदनुमन्तृकं अनिराकर्तृकं भर्त्रे दद्यात् पुष्पाणि सज्जनः
:p 251 naro dadāpi nṛpataye dāsantadanumantṛkaṃ anirākartṛkaṃ bhartre dadyāt puṣpāṇi sajjanaḥ
'A man causes a slave to be given to the king' — that is (the recipient) with a consenter. 'A good man should give flowers to his master' — (that is the recipient) with no one who refuses.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
AgP 353.11
अपदानं द्विधा प्रोक्तं चलमश्वात्तु धावतः पतितश्चाचलं ग्रामादागच्छति स वैष्णवः
apadānaṃ dvidhā proktaṃ calamaśvāttu dhāvataḥ patitaścācalaṃ grāmādāgacchati sa vaiṣṇavaḥ
Apādāna (the source of removal) is declared to be twofold: mobile, as (when one) falls from a running horse; and immobile — (as when) that Vaiṣṇava comes from the village.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
AgP 353.12
चतुर्धा चाधिकरणं व्यापकन्दध्नि घृतम् तिलेषु तैलं देवार्थमौपश्लेषिकमुच्यते
caturdhā cādhikaraṇaṃ vyāpakandadhni ghṛtam tileṣu tailaṃ devārthamaupaśleṣikamucyate
And adhikaraṇa (the locus) is fourfold: pervasive — ghee in curds, oil in sesame seeds; (the locus) directed to the deity is called aupaśleṣika (that of contact).
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
AgP 353.13
गृहे तिष्ठेत् कपिर्वृक्षे स्मृतं वैषयिकं यथा जले मत्स्यो वने सिंहः स्मृतं सामीप्यकं यथा
gṛhe tiṣṭhet kapirvṛkṣe smṛtaṃ vaiṣayikaṃ yathā jale matsyo vane siṃhaḥ smṛtaṃ sāmīpyakaṃ yathā
"The monkey stays in the house, in the tree" — thus the vaiṣayika (domain-locus) is taught; "a fish in water, a lion in the forest" — thus the sāmīpyaka (proximity-locus) is taught.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
AgP 353.14
गङ्गायां घो षो वसति औपचारिकमीदृशं तृतीया वाथ वा षष्ठी स्मृतानभिहिते तथा
gaṅgāyāṃ gho ṣo vasati aupacārikamīdṛśaṃ tṛtīyā vātha vā ṣaṣṭhī smṛtānabhihite tathā
"The cowherd settlement dwells on the Ganges" — such is the aupacārika (figurative locus). Likewise the third or else the sixth (case-ending) is taught when (the agent) is not (otherwise) expressed.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
AgP 353.15
विष्णुः सम्पूज्यते लोकैर् गन्तव्यन्तेन तस्य वा प्रथमाभिहितकर्तृकर्मणोः प्रणमेद्धरिम्
viṣṇuḥ sampūjyate lokair gantavyantena tasya vā prathamābhihitakartṛkarmaṇoḥ praṇameddharim
"Viṣṇu is worshipped by people"; "he is to be gone to by him" — or (in the sixth) "of him". When the agent and the object are (themselves) expressed, the first (case is used): "let him bow to Hari".
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
AgP 353.16
हेतौ तृतीया चान्नेन वसेद्वृक्षाय वै जलं चतुर्थी तादर्थ्ये ऽभिहिता पञ्चमी पर्युपाङ्मुखैः
hetau tṛtīyā cānnena vasedvṛkṣāya vai jalaṃ caturthī tādarthye 'bhihitā pañcamī paryupāṅmukhaiḥ
And the third (case) in the sense of cause: "he would dwell on account of food"; "water for the tree" — the fourth is declared in the sense of purpose; the fifth with pari, upa, āṅ and the like.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
AgP 353.17
योगे वृष्टः परि ग्रामाद्देवो ऽयं बलवत् पुरा पूर्वो ग्रामादृते विष्णोर्न मुक्तिरितरो हरेः
yoge vṛṣṭaḥ pari grāmāddevo 'yaṃ balavat purā pūrvo grāmādṛte viṣṇorna muktiritaro hareḥ
In (mere) connection: "it rained round about, away from the village"; "this god was mighty formerly"; "prior to the village"; "apart from Viṣṇu there is no liberation"; "other than Hari".
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
AgP 353.18
पृथग्विनाद्यैस्तृतीया पञ्चमी च तथा भवेत् पृथग्ग्रामाद्विहारेण विना श्रीश् च श्रिया श्रियः
pṛthagvinādyaistṛtīyā pañcamī ca tathā bhavet pṛthaggrāmādvihāreṇa vinā śrīś ca śriyā śriyaḥ
With pṛthak, vinā and the like there occurs the third, and likewise the fifth: "apart from the village", "without dwelling", "without Śrī" — and (so) śrīḥ, śriyā, śriyaḥ.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
AgP 353.19
कर्मप्रवचनीयाख्यैर् द्वितीया योगतो भवेत् अन्वर्जुनञ्च योद्धारो ह्य् अभितो ग्राममीरितं
karmapravacanīyākhyair dvitīyā yogato bhavet anvarjunañca yoddhāro hy abhito grāmamīritaṃ
With those called karmapravacanīyas the second (case) occurs by (their) connection: "the warriors after Arjuna", and "on both sides of the village" — thus it is stated.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
AgP 353.20
नमःस्वाहास्वधास्वस्तिवषडाद्यैश् चतुर्थ्यपि नमो देवाय ते स्वस्ति तुमर्थाद्भावाचिनः
namaḥsvāhāsvadhāsvastivaṣaḍādyaiś caturthyapi namo devāya te svasti tumarthādbhāvācinaḥ
With namaḥ, svāhā, svadhā, svasti, vaṣaṭ and the like, the fourth also: "homage to the god", "good fortune to you"; (and the fourth) in place of the infinitive-sense, for nouns denoting action.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
AgP 353.21
पाकाय पक्तये याति तृतीया सहयोगके :प् २५२ हेत्वर्थे कुत्सिते ऽङ्गे सा तृतीया च विशेषणे
pākāya paktaye yāti tṛtīyā sahayogake :p 252 hetvarthe kutsite 'ṅge sā tṛtīyā ca viśeṣaṇe
"He goes for cooking (pākāya, paktaye)". The third (case) is used in accompaniment, in the sense of cause, for a blamed bodily part, and in a distinguishing attribute.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
AgP 353.22
पितागात्सह पुत्रेण काणो ऽक्ष्णा गदया हरिः अर्थेन निवसेद्भृत्यः काले भावे च सप्तमौ
pitāgātsaha putreṇa kāṇo 'kṣṇā gadayā hariḥ arthena nivasedbhṛtyaḥ kāle bhāve ca saptamau
"The father went together with his son"; "one-eyed in respect of an eye"; "Hari with the mace"; "the servant would live by means of wealth"; the two seventh (case usages) are in time and in circumstance.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
AgP 353.23
विष्णौ नते भवेन्मुक्तिर्वसन्ते स गतो हरिम् नृणां स्वामी नृषु स्वामी नृणामीशःसताम्पतिः
viṣṇau nate bhavenmuktirvasante sa gato harim nṛṇāṃ svāmī nṛṣu svāmī nṛṇāmīśaḥsatāmpatiḥ
"When Viṣṇu is bowed to, there is liberation"; "in spring he went to Hari"; "lord of men" (nṛṇāṃ), "lord among men" (nṛṣu), "ruler of men", "master of the good".
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
AgP 353.24
नृणां साक्षी नृषु साक्षी गोषु नाथो गवाम्पतिः गोषु सूतो गवां सूतो राज्ञां दायादको ऽस्त्विह
nṛṇāṃ sākṣī nṛṣu sākṣī goṣu nātho gavāmpatiḥ goṣu sūto gavāṃ sūto rājñāṃ dāyādako 'stviha
"Witness of men", "witness among men"; "master among cows", "lord of cows"; "charioteer among cows", "charioteer of cows"; "let there be here an heir of kings".
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition
AgP 353.25
अन्नस्य(१) हेतोर्वसति षष्ठी स्मृत्यर्थकर्मणि मातुः स्मरति गोप्तारं नित्यं स्यात् कर्तृकर्मणोः अपां भेत्ता तव कृतिर्न निष्ठादिषु षष्ठ्यपि
annasya(1) hetorvasati ṣaṣṭhī smṛtyarthakarmaṇi mātuḥ smarati goptāraṃ nityaṃ syāt kartṛkarmaṇoḥ apāṃ bhettā tava kṛtirna niṣṭhādiṣu ṣaṣṭhyapi
"He dwells for the sake of food"; the sixth (case) is used for the object of verbs meaning "to remember": "he remembers his mother"; "protector" is always (so construed) for agent and object; "cleaver of the waters", "your doing"; the sixth is not (used) with niṣṭhā forms and the like.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain