Agni Purana — Chapter 122
AgP 122.1
:ए इत्य् आग्नेये महापुराणे ज्योतिःशस्त्रसारो नाम एकविंशत्यधिकशततमो ऽध्यायः ॥ छप्तेर् {१२२} :श् अथ द्वाविंशत्यधिकशततमो ऽध्यायः कालगणनं अग्निर् उवाच कालः समागणो वक्ष्ये गणितं कालबुद्धये कालः समागणो ऽर्कघ्नो(१) मासैश् चैत्रादिभिर्युतः
:e ity āgneye mahāpurāṇe jyotiḥśastrasāro nāma ekaviṃśatyadhikaśatatamo 'dhyāyaḥ || chapter {122} :ś atha dvāviṃśatyadhikaśatatamo 'dhyāyaḥ kālagaṇanaṃ agnir uvāca kālaḥ samāgaṇo vakṣye gaṇitaṃ kālabuddhaye kālaḥ samāgaṇo 'rkaghno(1) māsaiś caitrādibhiryutaḥ
[Colophon: Thus, in the Āgneya Mahāpurāṇa, the chapter called 'The Essence of the Science of the Stars', the one hundred twenty-first chapter. Chapter 122: The Reckoning of Time.] Agni said: I shall declare time, the sum of years, and the calculation, for the understanding of time. The sum of years of time, multiplied by twelve, is joined with the months beginning from Caitra.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
AgP 122.2
द्विघ्नो द्विस्ट्ःअः सवेदः स्यात् पञ्चाङ्गष्टयुतोगुणः(२) त्रिष्ठो मध्यो वसुगुणः पुनर्वेदगुणश् च सः
dvighno dvisṭḥaḥ savedaḥ syāt pañcāṅgaṣṭayutoguṇaḥ(2) triṣṭho madhyo vasuguṇaḥ punarvedaguṇaś ca saḥ
Doubled and set down in two places, it should be increased by four; increased by five and eight it is multiplied; set in three places, the middle one is multiplied by eight and again multiplied by four.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
AgP 122.3
अष्टरन्ध्राग्निहीनः(३) स्यादधः सैकरसाष्टकैः मध्यो हीनः षष्टिहतो(४) लब्धयुक्तस्तथोपरि
aṣṭarandhrāgnihīnaḥ(3) syādadhaḥ saikarasāṣṭakaiḥ madhyo hīnaḥ ṣaṣṭihato(4) labdhayuktastathopari
It should be diminished by eight, nine (randhra) and three (agni); below, by the sixes and eights together with one; the middle one, diminished, is multiplied by sixty, and the quotient is added on above.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
AgP 122.4
न्यूनः सप्तकृतो वारस्तदधस्तिथिनाडयः सगुणो द्विगुणश्चोरोद्ध्वं त्रिभिरूनो गुणः पुनः
nyūnaḥ saptakṛto vārastadadhastithināḍayaḥ saguṇo dviguṇaścoroddhvaṃ tribhirūno guṇaḥ punaḥ
The diminished (remainder), multiplied by seven, is the weekday; below that stand the ghaṭikās of the lunar day. (It is) increased by three and doubled, and above, the multiplier is again lessened by three.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
AgP 122.5
अधः स्वरामसंयुक्तो रसार्काष्टफलैर् युतः अष्टाविंशच्छेषपिण्डस्तिथिनाड्या अधः स्थितः
adhaḥ svarāmasaṃyukto rasārkāṣṭaphalair yutaḥ aṣṭāviṃśaccheṣapiṇḍastithināḍyā adhaḥ sthitaḥ
Below, it is joined with seven and three, and increased by the results six, twelve and eight; the remaining sum, twenty-eight, stands below the ghaṭikās of the lunar day.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
AgP 122.6
:न् १ समागणोर्काब्द इति ख॥ , छ॥ च २ पञ्चदशयुतो गण इति ज॥ ३ अष्टचन्द्राग्निहीन इति ज॥ ४ षष्टिहत इति ङ॥ :प् ३९ गुणस्तिसृभिरूनोर्धं द्वाभ्यां च गुणयेत् पुनः मध्ये रुद्रगुणः कार्यो ह्य् अधः सैको नवाग्निभिः(१)
:n 1 samāgaṇorkābda iti kha.. , cha.. ca 2 pañcadaśayuto gaṇa iti ja.. 3 aṣṭacandrāgnihīna iti ja.. 4 ṣaṣṭihata iti ṅa.. :p 39 guṇastisṛbhirūnordhaṃ dvābhyāṃ ca guṇayet punaḥ madhye rudraguṇaḥ kāryo hy adhaḥ saiko navāgnibhiḥ(1)
The multiplier, lessened by three above, one should then multiply by two; in the middle the multiplier eleven is to be applied, and below (the result) with one added, by nine and three.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
AgP 122.7
लब्धहीनो(२) भवेन्मध्यो द्वाविंशतिविवर्जितः षष्टिशेषे ऋणं ज्ञेयं लब्धमूर्ध्वं विनिक्षिपेत्
labdhahīno(2) bhavenmadhyo dvāviṃśativivarjitaḥ ṣaṣṭiśeṣe ṛṇaṃ jñeyaṃ labdhamūrdhvaṃ vinikṣipet
Diminished by the quotient, the middle (figure) becomes (that) less twenty-two; when sixty is the remainder, it is to be reckoned as negative, and the quotient should be placed above.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
AgP 122.8
सप्तविंशतिशेषस्तु ध्रुवो नक्षत्रयोगयोः मासि मासि क्षिपेद् वारन्द्वात्रिंशद्घटिकास्तिथौ
saptaviṃśatiśeṣastu dhruvo nakṣatrayogayoḥ māsi māsi kṣiped vārandvātriṃśadghaṭikāstithau
But the remainder twenty-seven is the constant for the asterism and the yoga; month by month one should add the weekday and thirty-two ghaṭikās to the lunar day.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
AgP 122.9
द्वे पिण्डे द्वे च नक्षत्रे नाड्य एकादश ह्य् ऋणे वारस्थाने तिथिन्दद्यात् सप्तभिर्भार्गवमाहरेत्
dve piṇḍe dve ca nakṣatre nāḍya ekādaśa hy ṛṇe vārasthāne tithindadyāt saptabhirbhārgavamāharet
Two to the sums, two to the asterism, and eleven nāḍīs in the negative; in the place of the weekday one should add the lunar day, and by seven one should take out (the remainder for) Venus (Friday).
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
AgP 122.10
शेषवाराश् च सूर्याद्या घटिकासु च पातयेत् पिण्डिकेषु तिथिन्दद्याद्धरेच्चैव चतुर्दश
śeṣavārāś ca sūryādyā ghaṭikāsu ca pātayet piṇḍikeṣu tithindadyāddhareccaiva caturdaśa
And the remaining weekdays, beginning with the Sun('s day), one should also drop into the ghaṭikās; to the sums one should add the lunar day and subtract fourteen.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
AgP 122.11
ऋणं धनं धनमृणं क्रमाज् ज्ञेयं चतुर्दशे प्रथमे त्रयोदशे पञ्च द्वितीयद्वादशे दश
ṛṇaṃ dhanaṃ dhanamṛṇaṃ kramāj jñeyaṃ caturdaśe prathame trayodaśe pañca dvitīyadvādaśe daśa
Negative, positive, positive, negative — thus it is to be known in order; in the fourteenth and the first, five in the thirteenth, ten in the second and the twelfth;
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
AgP 122.12
पञ्चदशस्तृतीये च तथाचैकादशे स्मृतां चतुर्थे दशमे चैव भवेदेकोनविंशतिः
pañcadaśastṛtīye ca tathācaikādaśe smṛtāṃ caturthe daśame caiva bhavedekonaviṃśatiḥ
Fifteen in the third and likewise in the eleventh are recorded; and in the fourth and the tenth it is nineteen;
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
AgP 122.13
पञ्चमे नवमे चैव द्वाविंशतिरुदाहृताः षष्ठाष्टमे त्वखण्डाः स्युश् चतुर्विंशतिरेव च
pañcame navame caiva dvāviṃśatirudāhṛtāḥ ṣaṣṭhāṣṭame tvakhaṇḍāḥ syuś caturviṃśatireva ca
In the fifth and the ninth twenty-two is stated; but in the sixth and the eighth (they are) without fractions, and it is just twenty-four;
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
AgP 122.14
सप्तमे पञ्चविंशः स्यात् खण्डशः पिण्डिकाद् भवेत्(३) कर्कटादौ हरेद्राशिमृतुवेदत्रयैः क्रमात्
saptame pañcaviṃśaḥ syāt khaṇḍaśaḥ piṇḍikād bhavet(3) karkaṭādau haredrāśimṛtuvedatrayaiḥ kramāt
In the seventh it would be twenty-five; from the sum it arises in portions. Beginning with Cancer, one should subtract from the sign by six, four and three in order.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
AgP 122.15
तुलादौ प्रातिलोम्येन त्रयो वेदरसाः क्रमात् :न् १ सैकेन सप्तकैर् इति ख॥ , ग॥ च २ ऋतुहीन इति ङ॥ ३ खण्डकः पिण्डकाद्भवेदिति ख॥ , ग॥ , घ॥ , ङ॥ , छ॥ , ज॥ च :प् ४० मकरादौ दीयते च रसवेदत्रयः क्रमात्
tulādau prātilomyena trayo vedarasāḥ kramāt :n 1 saikena saptakair iti kha.. , ga.. ca 2 ṛtuhīna iti ṅa.. 3 khaṇḍakaḥ piṇḍakādbhavediti kha.. , ga.. , gha.. , ṅa.. , cha.. , ja.. ca :p 40 makarādau dīyate ca rasavedatrayaḥ kramāt
Beginning with Libra, in reverse order, three, four and six respectively. ... Beginning with Capricorn, six, four and three are to be given in order.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
AgP 122.16
मेषादौ प्रातिलोम्येन त्रयो वेदरसाः क्रमात्(१) खेषवः खयुगा मैत्रं मेषादौ विकला धनम्
meṣādau prātilomyena trayo vedarasāḥ kramāt(1) kheṣavaḥ khayugā maitraṃ meṣādau vikalā dhanam
Beginning with Aries, in reverse order, three, four and six respectively. Fifty, forty, three(?) — the seconds beginning with Aries are positive.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
AgP 122.17
कर्कटे प्रातिलोम्यं स्यादृणमेतत् तुलादिके चतुर्गुणा तिथिर्ज्ञेया विकलाश्चेह सर्वदा
karkaṭe prātilomyaṃ syādṛṇametat tulādike caturguṇā tithirjñeyā vikalāśceha sarvadā
In Cancer the order would be reversed; this is negative in (the signs) beginning with Libra. The lunar day is to be reckoned as multiplied by four, and here the seconds always (likewise).
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
AgP 122.18
हन्याल्लिप्तागतागामिपिण्डसङ्ख्याफलन्तरैः षष्ट्याप्तं प्रथमोच्चार्ये हानौ देयन्धने धनम्
hanyālliptāgatāgāmipiṇḍasaṅkhyāphalantaraiḥ ṣaṣṭyāptaṃ prathamoccārye hānau deyandhane dhanam
One should multiply the minutes by the differences of the result of the sum-numbers, past and coming; the quotient by sixty, in the first recitation, is to be given as loss where there is loss and as gain where there is gain.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
AgP 122.19
द्वितीयोच्चरिते वर्गे वैपरीत्यमिति स्थितिः तिथिर्द्विगुणिता कार्या षड्भागपरिवर्जिता
dvitīyoccarite varge vaiparītyamiti sthitiḥ tithirdviguṇitā kāryā ṣaḍbhāgaparivarjitā
In the group recited second, the rule is that (all) is reversed. The lunar day is to be doubled and deprived of a sixth part.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
AgP 122.20
रविकर्मविपरीता तिथिनाडीसमायुता ऋणे शुद्धे तु नाड्यः स्युरृणं शुध्येत नो यदा
ravikarmaviparītā tithināḍīsamāyutā ṛṇe śuddhe tu nāḍyaḥ syurṛṇaṃ śudhyeta no yadā
Reversed from the operation for the sun, and joined with the ghaṭikās of the lunar day: when the negative quantity is cleared, the nāḍīs result; but when the negative quantity is not cleared,
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
AgP 122.21
सषष्टिकं प्रदेयन्तत् षष्ट्याधिक्ये च तत्त्यजेत्(२) नक्षत्रं तिथिमिश्रं स्याच्चतुर्भिर्गुणिता तिथिः
saṣaṣṭikaṃ pradeyantat ṣaṣṭyādhikye ca tattyajet(2) nakṣatraṃ tithimiśraṃ syāccaturbhirguṇitā tithiḥ
That is to be given with sixty added; and if it exceeds sixty, one should drop that. The asterism would be mixed with the lunar day; the lunar day multiplied by four,
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
AgP 122.22
तिथिस्त्रिभागसंयुक्ता ऋणेन च तथान्विता तिथिरत्र चिता कार्या तद्वेदाद्योगशोधनं
tithistribhāgasaṃyuktā ṛṇena ca tathānvitā tithiratra citā kāryā tadvedādyogaśodhanaṃ
The lunar day joined with a third part and likewise increased by the negative quantity — here the lunar day is to be made accumulated; from that (comes) the clearing of the yoga beginning with four(?).
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
AgP 122.23
रविचन्द्रौ समौ कृत्वा योगो भवति निश् चलः एकोना तिथिर्द्विगुणा सप्तभिन्ना कृतिर्द्विधा(३)
ravicandrau samau kṛtvā yogo bhavati niś calaḥ ekonā tithirdviguṇā saptabhinnā kṛtirdvidhā(3)
Making the sun and the moon equal, the yoga becomes fixed. The lunar day less one, doubled, divided by seven — the operation is twofold.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
AgP 122.24
तिथिश् च द्विगुणैकोना कृताङ्गैः करणन्निशि :न् १ मकरादौ इत्य् आदिः, वेदरसाः क्रमादित्यन्तः पाठः छ॥ पुस्तके नास्ति २ सन्त्यजेदिति घ॥ ३ सप्तभिन्ना गतिर्द्विधेति ख॥ । सप्तच्छिन्ना कृतिर्द्विधेति घ॥ , ज॥ च :प् ४१ कृष्णचतुर्दश्यन्ते शकुनिः पर्वणीह चतुष्पदं
tithiś ca dviguṇaikonā kṛtāṅgaiḥ karaṇanniśi :n 1 makarādau ity ādiḥ, vedarasāḥ kramādityantaḥ pāṭhaḥ cha.. pustake nāsti 2 santyajediti gha.. 3 saptabhinnā gatirdvidheti kha.. / saptacchinnā kṛtirdvidheti gha.. , ja.. ca :p 41 kṛṣṇacaturdaśyante śakuniḥ parvaṇīha catuṣpadaṃ
And the lunar day, doubled and diminished by one, (gives) the karaṇa at night by (division by?) the members of the kṛti. [Footnotes: 1. "makarādau" etc.; the reading from "vedarasāḥ" up to "kramāt" is not in manuscript cha. 2. "santyajet" in gha. 3. "saptabhinnā gatir dvidhā" in kha; "saptacchinnā kṛtir dvidhā" in gha and ja.] At the end of the dark fourteenth (comes) Śakuni; here at the parvan, Catuṣpada.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain
AgP 122.25
प्रथमे तिथ्यर्धतो हि किन्तुघ्नं प्रतिपन्मुखे ॥२५
prathame tithyardhato hi kintughnaṃ pratipanmukhe //25
For in the first (half), from the half of the tithi (onward), Kintughna (falls) at the beginning of pratipad.
AI translation rendered from the Sanskrit, not a published edition — the model flagged this verse as uncertain